what were some innovations of the indus valley civilization

Gunpowder is believed to have been invented in China during the Tang dynasty (618-907 AD), and it was initially used in fireworks and later in military applications such as guns and cannons.

However, gunpowder eventually made its way to Europe via trade routes, and the first recorded use of gunpowder in Europe was in the early 13th century.

It is difficult to attribute the invention of gunpowder in Europe to any one person or group, as its use gradually spread over time. The first European accounts of gunpowder were written by Roger Bacon, an English philosopher and Franciscan friar, who observed its use during his travels in the Middle East in the 13th century.

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Quin Dynasty

The Quin Dynasty

There are 12 NFL teams that have never played in a Super Bowl.

The Arizona Cardinals, Atlanta Falcons, Buffalo Bills, Carolina Panthers, Cincinnati Bengals, Cleveland Browns, Detroit Lions, Houston Texans, Los Angeles Chargers, Minnesota Vikings, Tennessee Titans, and Jacksonville Jaguars are the 12 NFL teams that have never participated in a Super Bowl as of the 2021–2022 season.

The only clubs among seven that have never even made it to a conference final are the Browns and Lions. The Bills, who lost four straight Super Bowls in the early 1990s, hold the record for the most Super Bowl appearances in a row without a victory.

Several of these clubs have had success in their respective divisions and have qualified for the playoffs numerous times, despite never having won the Super Bowl.

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Programs and organisations known as incubators and accelerators aid in the establishment and expansion of start-up companies.

They offer assistance and guidance on crucial business startup issues like capital, office space, marketing, and e-commerce. Entrepreneurs are frequently connected with investors and mentors.

A person who starts and/or invests in one or more enterprises, taking on the majority of the risks and reaping the majority of the gains, is referred to as an entrepreneur. Entrepreneurship is the practise of starting a business. The entrepreneur is frequently viewed as an innovator, a source of fresh concepts for products, services, businesses, and operational methods.

The creation or extraction of economic value is referred to as entrepreneurship. According to this definition, entrepreneurship is considered as transformation that typically involves greater risk than is typical when beginning a business and may also involve values other than just financial ones.

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During the period 1200 to 1450 in AP World History, significant events included the rise of the Mongol Empire, the spread of Islam, the European Renaissance, and the growth of trade networks such as the Silk Road.

Between 1200 and 1450, a lot of significant events occurred that changed the course of world history. Some of the key events include: 1. The Mongol Empire: In 1206, the Mongol Empire was founded by Genghis Khan, which became one of the largest empires in world history. The empire expanded rapidly, conquering much of Asia and Eastern Europe. 2. The Crusades: Between 1095 and 1291, a series of religious wars, known as the Crusades, were fought between Christians and Muslims for control of the Holy Land.

3. The Black Death: In the mid-14th century, the Black Death, one of the deadliest pandemics in human history, swept through Europe and Asia, killing millions of people. 4. The Renaissance: Beginning in the 14th century, the Renaissance marked a period of great intellectual and artistic growth in Europe. This period saw the development of new artistic techniques, scientific discoveries, and the rise of humanism.

5. The Fall of Constantinople: In 1453, the Ottoman Empire conquered Constantinople, marking the end of the Byzantine Empire and the beginning of Ottoman rule in the region. These events had a major impact on the world, shaping the political, economic, and cultural landscape of the time.

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Although the Kamba chopped down the fig tree, the Maasai tribe are still connected with Enkai through their cattle. The correct option is B

What's the story behind "The Beginnings of the Maasai"?

The daughter of the Maasai presents herself and his father Maasai in "The Beginnings of the Maasai." She briefly recounts their interactions with their cattle and "Enkai," their sky god.

When the Maasai people first emerged in South Sudan, the Maasai started to flourish. Maa is the name of their original tongue. They moved to their homeland between Southern Kenya and Northern Tanzania in the late 17th and early 18th centuries.

The primary goal of "The Beginnings of the Maasai" is to describe the weather. Therefore, choice B is the best one.

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The Indian Removal Act resulted in land being opened up to white settlers.

On May 28, 1830, American President Andrew Jackson ratified the Indian Removal Act. The statute allowed "for an exchange of lands with the Indians resident in any of the states or territories, and for their evacuation west of the river Mississippi," according to the description provided by Congress.

More than 60,000 Native Americans from at least 18 tribes were compelled to relocate west of the Mississippi River, where they were given new territory, during the administrations of Andrew Jackson and his successor Martin Van Buren.

The majority of the southern tribes were relocated to Indian Territory. At first, the northern tribes were sent to Kansas. With a few notable exceptions, the Indian population of the United States was eradicated east of the Mississippi and south of the Great Lakes.

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The first 5-year plan was introduced in 1928 to essentially do just that: modernize agriculture and industry. Its introduction came as a reversal of Lenin's New American and German specialists and businesses industrialized USSR in this

The German Empire was committed to maintaining its economic strength because it was a major source of national pride and power.

Having a strong economy was essential to Germany's ability to dominate Europe both politically and militarily. It allowed them to fund the military, build infrastructure, and control trade.

Furthermore, a strong economy could be used to create a positive image of Germany on the international stage, boosting the country's prestige and helping to maintain its position as a major European power.

Therefore, the German Empire was committed to maintaining its economic strength because it was a major source of national pride and power.

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It is true that throughout history, progress has often required sacrifice. However, progress should not be built on the lives of the citizens it is supposed to aid. Mass production is an example of progress that has been achieved at the expense of workers' lives and well-being.

Mass production, which emerged in the early 20th century, revolutionized the manufacturing industry by allowing for the production of large quantities of goods at a lower cost. However, this progress was built on the lives of the workers who labored under harsh and dangerous conditions. Workers were subjected to long hours, low wages, and unsafe working conditions, which often resulted in injury or death.

This exploitation of workers is not a sustainable or ethical way to achieve progress. It is important to recognize that progress should not be achieved at the expense of human life and well-being. Rather, progress should be achieved in a way that respects and values the dignity of all people.

In conclusion, while sacrifice may be necessary for progress, it should not be at the expense of human life and well-being. As we move forward, we should strive to achieve progress in a way that respects and values the lives of all citizens.

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Between 1931 and 1932, the price of oil fell by around 50%.

Overproduction of oil is a result of technological advancements and rising output in Latin America, the Middle East, and the United States. The United States' oil production more than doubles from what it was in 1920 in less than ten years, defying the U.S. Geological Survey's predictions of a scarcity. The 1928 Achnacarry Agreement, which restricts sales by oil producers, is Britain's attempt to stabilise European oil prices. Oil prices fall to just a few pennies per barrel in 1931. To prevent a glut of inexpensive oil on the market, the U.S. government establishes a production quota system for states and a duty on on imported oil in 1933. Despite the Supreme Court's 1935 decision to invalidate the federal quota system, U.S. oil-producing states voluntarily maintain it, and prices rise as a result.

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The Open Door Notes were a series of diplomatic letters issued by the United States Secretary of State John Hay in 1899 and 1900. These notes called for the open and equal access to Chinese ports and markets for all foreign powers, and for the preservation of China's territorial integrity.

The Open Door Notes aimed to prevent any one foreign power from gaining exclusive control over China and its resources. This policy was an attempt by the United States to protect its own economic interests in China and to maintain the balance of power in the region. The Open Door Notes were ultimately successful in keeping China open to foreign trade, but they did not prevent the country from being carved up into spheres of influence by foreign powers.

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The British commander at the Battle of Yorktown was Lieutenant General Charles Cornwallis.

Commander (also known as EDH or Elder Dragon Highlander) is a multiplayer Magic: The Gathering format that emphasizes social interactions, interesting games, and creative deck-building. Players construct 100-card decks with a legendary creature at the helm, and then battle it out in games of three or more players.

He was appointed by King George III to lead the British forces against the combined American and French forces. Cornwallis had a long and distinguished career in the British Army, having served in the Seven Years' War, and was known for his strong tactical abilities. Cornwallis was ultimately defeated at Yorktown, leading to the surrender of the British forces and the end of the American War of Independence.

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Answer: Lynchings were made public to warn others of the consequences of breaking the law.

Explanation:

Answer:

With his decision in Marbury v. Madison, Chief Justice John Marshall established the principle of judicial review, an important addition to the system of “checks and balances” created to prevent any one branch of the Federal Government from becoming too powerful.

Explanation:

Explanation in the answer...

In pursuit of improving international governance and bringing about peace and security, the League of Nations establishment took place.

The League of Nations, which existed from 1920 to 1946, was the first intergovernmental organization created with the objective of eliminating war by the mutual defense and resolving international conflicts through diplomatic negotiation.

58 countries make up the League of Nations. Congressional protectionists prevented the United States from formally joining the League of Nations.

The major shortcoming of the league of nations is the military which helps in strengthening the power throughout the world.

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Yes, Rhode Island did engage in whaling and During the 19th century, the Rhode Island was one of the leading centers of the whaling industry in the United States.

It was home to many of the most successful whaling ships and whaling ports, and its whaling industry was a major contributor to the state's economy.

Rhode Island whalers traveled to all parts of the world, including the Arctic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans, to hunt for whales and procure their oil and other products.

This whaling industry was eventually phased out in the early 20th century, as whales became increasingly endangered and the demand for whale products decreased.

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The Serbs claim that they require assistance from Russia because of their shared cultural heritage and historical connections.

Because of their common Slavic and Orthodox Christian roots, the Serbs have historically frequently resorted to Russia for assistance. As a language model AI, I don't have access to current knowledge, but historically, I do. Additionally, during the Balkan Wars in the early 20th century or the battle in Kosovo in the late 1990s, they may have pleaded with Russia for assistance in fending off invasion or assault from outside forces. Strategic alliance: Due to their strong historical, cultural, and religious links, the Serbs have always seen Russia as a logical ally. Expansion of the EU and NATO opposed: The Serbs have been hesitant to join the EU and NATO and have sought help from Russia as a counterbalance to these organisations' influence.

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Answer: "We the People" - the people that serve and live in the country

"Form a more perfect Union" - form a government that can serve everyone equally

"Establish Justice" - to set forth laws and equal punishments

"insure domestic tranquility" - to keep peace within American borders/American territories

"provide for the common defense" - to keep peace within our allies borders and territories

"promote the general welfare" - to provide basic services such as transportation, health, agriculture

"secure the blessings of liberty" - to promote a free and fair government that ensures freedom now and in future generations

Explanation:

From the Rosebud Indian Reservation, a Sicangu (Brulé) Lakota named Plenty Horses (Taka Ta, maybe Take Ta) lived from 1869 until 1933. After the Wounded Knee Massacre, on January 7, 1891, nine days later.

After the trial, Plenty Horses went back to the Rosebud Reservation and disappeared. However, Plenty Horses not only disproved Powers in his 2005 book In the Shadow of Wounded Knee but also got married and had kids on the reservation before passing away in 1933, according to Roger L. Di Silvestro.

That white horse actually belonged to John Byro. A farmer, he was. He grumbled about his health during a visit to Aram's home.

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The "Most French aristocrats willingly agreed to share their wealth with the lower classes" was one way that Enlightenment ideas influenced leaders during the French Revolution. The correct option is B.

Europe and the New World both benefited greatly from the French Revolution. One of the pivotal moments in European history, according to most historians, was the Revolution. The immigrants, who sought to flee political unrest and save their lives, cost France thousands of its citizens in the near term.

Many people moved to the surrounding nations, while others settled in Russia, and many more migrated to Canada and the United States. Due to the expulsion of these Frenchmen, French culture spread, immigration was governed, and Royalists and other counterrevolutionaries had a safe refuge to survive the bloody French Revolution.

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The complete Question is-

What was one way that Enlightenment ideas influenced leaders during the French Revolution?

Options-

A) Revolutionary leaders strengthened the authority of the Catholic Church.

B) Most French aristocrats willingly agreed to share their wealth with the lower classes.

C) Revolutionary leaders demanded equality under the law for all social classes.

D) Revolutionary leaders immediately abolished slavery in the French colonies in the West Indies.

The founding fathers had to create the constitution in order to have a nation that would last.

The Founding Fathers of the United States faced the formidable task of creating a government and a nation that would last. To achieve this goal, they drew upon Enlightenment ideas, their own experiences, and a deep understanding of history. Here are some key steps that the Founding Fathers took to create a lasting government and nation:

Constitution-making: The Founding Fathers wrote the U.S. Constitution, which established the framework for the federal government and the relationships between the federal government, the states, and the people. The Constitution established a system of checks and balances that ensured no branch of government would become too powerful.

Federalism: The Founding Fathers established a federal system of government, in which power is divided between the national government and the state governments. This allowed for both a strong national government and a healthy balance of power between the federal and state governments.

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Political divergences existed between Europe and China, and this had a significant impact on how both regions' populations were affected. During the Qing dynasty, China was a big integrated political society, examining the period between 1650 and 1800. However, Europe was very divided.

There are distinctions between Europe and China, and these variances have had different effects on each region's economic health. The primary disparities between the economies of Europe and China will be emphasized in this essay, along with their causes and the effects they have on the global economy.

The Qing dynasty was a period of authoritarian rule. Although it imposed significantly tighter restrictions, the empire expanded to a size that was more than twice that of the Ming dynasty that came before it. One such law mandated that all men wear the same color scheme and have the same haircut. As previously indicated, the Canton system had a significant impact on trade between Europe and China and was accompanied by stronger laws and restrictions.

Political upheaval pervaded Europe during the 16th century; England saw a civil war in 1642, and by 1688, there had been a glorious revolution, which had reduced the monarchy's power. While in Denmark, the monarchy was overthrown following years of weak military strength and severe financial difficulties.

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