Write a program that asks the user to enter five test scores. The program should display a letter grade for each score and the average test score. Write the following methods in the program: calcAverage: This method should accept five test scores as arguments and return the average of the scores. determineGrade: This method should accept a test score as an argument and return a letter grade for the score, based on the following grading scale:
Answer:
See comment for complete question
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
double calc_Average(double sc1, double sc2, double sc3, double sc4, double sc5){
return (sc1 + sc2 + sc3 + sc4 + sc5)/5;
}
char determine_Grade(double score){
char grade;
if(score >= 90 && score <=100){
grade = 'A';}
else if(score >= 80 && score <90){
grade = 'B';}
else if(score >= 70 && score <80){
grade = 'C';}
else if(score >= 60 && score <70){
grade = 'D';}
else if(score <60){
grade = 'F';}
return grade;
}
int main(){
double sc1,sc2, sc3, sc4, sc5;
cout<<"Enter 5 scores: ";
cin>>sc1>>sc2>>sc3>>sc4>>sc5;
cout<<"Score: "<<sc1<<" Grade: "<<determine_Grade(sc1)<<endl;
cout<<"Score: "<<sc2<<" Grade: "<<determine_Grade(sc2)<<endl;
cout<<"Score: "<<sc3<<" Grade: "<<determine_Grade(sc3)<<endl;
cout<<"Score: "<<sc4<<" Grade: "<<determine_Grade(sc4)<<endl;
cout<<"Score: "<<sc5<<" Grade: "<<determine_Grade(sc5)<<endl;
double Ave = calc_Average(sc1,sc2,sc3,sc4,sc5);
cout<<"Average: "<<Ave<<" Grade: "<<determine_Grade(Ave)<<endl;
return 0;
}
Explanation:
The program was written in C++. Because of the length of the explanation, I've added the explanation as an attachment where I used comments to explain the lines of the code.
What are the three types of networks?
A) Internet, PowerPoint, Excel
B) Internet, LAD, WAN
C) Internet, WAN, LAN
D) None of the above
Answer:
Local Area Network (LAN)
Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)
Wide area network (WAN)
(So C, I'm pretty sure.)
Answer:
LAN,MAN,WANExplanation:
are the three types of networkstarting a computer or computer embedded devices is called
Answer:
Booting
Explanation:
starting a computer is called booting. In addition restarting is known as rebooting.
What does the abbreviation JPEG stand for?
A. Japanese Photographic Examination Group
B. Joint Photo Examination Group
C. Joint Photographic Expert Group
D. Jefferson Photo Exclusive Group
E. Jacket Photo Extension Group
Answer:
c) giant photographic experts group
Answer:
C
Explanation:
(often seen with its file extension stands for
"Joint Photographic Experts Group",
the _ and _ services help us to keep in touch with our family and friends
Answer:
Internet and communication technology
It is important to create a strong password because it will
let someone steal your personal information
allow your friends to easily guess it
keep your private information safe and secure
give your computer a virus
You are asked to write a program that prompts the user for the size of two integer arrays, user input for the size must not exceed 50, you must validate this. We will use these arrays to represent our sets. These arrays will be randomly populated in the range that is 1 through double the size of the array. So if the array is of size 20, you will randomly populate it with values in the range 1-40 inclusive.
Answer:
In Java:
import java.util.*;
public class MyClass{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Length of array 1: ");
int lent1 = input.nextInt();
while(lent1 <= 0 || lent1 > 50){
System.out.print("Length of array 1: ");
lent1 = input.nextInt();
}
int[] array1 = new int[lent1];
System.out.print("Length of array 2: ");
int lent2 = input.nextInt();
while(lent2 <= 0 || lent2 > 50){
System.out.print("Length of array 2: ");
lent2 = input.nextInt();
}
int[] array2 = new int[lent2];
for(int i =0;i<lent1;i++){
array1[i] = (int)(Math.random() * (lent1*2) + 1);
}
for(int i =0;i<lent2;i++){
array2[i] = (int)(Math.random() * (lent2*2) + 1);
}
System.out.print("Array 1: ");
for(int i =0;i<lent1;i++){
System.out.print(array1[i]+" ");
}
System.out.println("Array 2: ");
for(int i =0;i<lent2;i++){
System.out.print(array2[i]+" ");
}
}
}
Explanation:
This prompts the user for length of the first array
System.out.print("Length of array 1: ");
This declares and gets input for the length of the first array
int lent1 = input.nextInt();
This validates the length of first array
while(lent1 <= 0 || lent1 > 50){
System.out.print("Length of array 1: ");
lent1 = input.nextInt(); }
This declares the first array
int[] array1 = new int[lent1];
This prompts the user for length of the second array
System.out.print("Length of array 2: ");
This declares and gets input for the length of the second array
int lent2 = input.nextInt();
This validates the length of the second array
while(lent2 <= 0 || lent2 > 50){
System.out.print("Length of array 2: ");
lent2 = input.nextInt(); }
This declares the second array
int[] array2 = new int[lent2];
The following generates random integers between 1 and lent1*2 to array 1
for(int i =0;i<lent1;i++){
array1[i] = (int)(Math.random() * (lent1*2) + 1); }
The following generates random integers between 1 and lent2*2 to array 2
for(int i =0;i<lent2;i++){
array2[i] = (int)(Math.random() * (lent2*2) + 1); }
This prints the header Array 1
System.out.print("Array 1: ");
The following iteration prints the content of the first array
for(int i =0;i<lent1;i++){
System.out.print(array1[i]+" ");
}
This prints the header Array 2
System.out.println("Array 2: ");
The following iteration prints the content of the second array
for(int i =0;i<lent2;i++){
System.out.print(array2[i]+" ");
}
Consider the security of a mobile device you use
(a) Explain how transitive trust applies to your use of an operating system on a
mobile device (e.g. smartphone). Then, explain how an attacker can exploit this
transitive trust to violate the CIA properties of the software and data on your
device
Answer:
keep it private
Explanation:
Do you think it's easier to be mean online than offline? why?
Answer:
Yes because on online we can talk all we want and they don't know us irl so it's funny lol
Explanation:
We are supposed to go to the concert tomorrow, but it has been raining for three days straight. I just know that we won’t be able to go.
7. What is the author’s tone?
Its the worried tone
Hope this helps!
There Will Come Soft Rains is a warning story about nuclear war and how, in the end, technology won't keep us safe. In response to the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Bradbury penned the tale.
What author’s worried tone indicate about rain?Ray Bradbury wrote the classic science fiction short tale “There Will Come Soft Rains” in 1950. The narrative is narrated in a detached, emotionless tone, as though the events that are taking place are a normal part of everyday life.
The story's meaning can be found in the story's complete lack of human beings, not even corpses.
Soft rain rays will appear in the short story. Bradbury creates a disorganized, somewhat post-apocalyptic atmosphere. To better understand the zeitgeist of the world, he employs a variety of literary techniques.
Therefore, It's the worried tone author’s.
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1, How can technology serve to promote or restrict human rights? [2 points]
Answer:
Examples of how technology can be used as a powerful tool for human rights are ever expanding. Newer technologies such as artificial intelligence, automation, and blockchain have the potential to make significant positive contributions to the promotion and protection of human rights.
Write a SELECT statement that returns one row for each customer that has orders with these columns: The email_address from the Customers table
A count of the number of orders
The total amount for each order
(Hint: First, subtract the discount amount from the price. Then, multiply by the quantity.) Return only those rows where the customer has more than 1 order. Sort the result set in descending sequence by the total amount . Hint: You will join three tables together. Returns 3rows of data.
Questions done up until #4: https://pastebin.com/LwSKknPi
all questions before and after:
Write a SELECT statement that returns these columns:
The count of the number of orders in the Orders table
The sum of the tax_amount columns in the Orders table
Returns 1 row of data.
Write a SELECT statement that returns one row for each category that has products with these columns:
The category_name column from the Categories table
The count of the products in the Products table
The list price of the most expensive product in the Products table
Sort the result set so the category with the most products appears first.
Hint: You will join two tables together. Returns 3 rows of data.
Write a SELECT statement that returns one row for each customer that has orders with these columns:
The email_address column from the Customers table
The sum of the item price in the Order_Items table multiplied by the quantity in the Order_Items table
The sum of the discount amount column in the Order_Items table multiplied by the quantity in the Order_Items table
Sort the result set in descending sequence by the item price total for each customer.
Hint: You will join three tables together. Returns 7 rows of data.
Modify the solution to exercise 4 so it only counts and totals line items that have an item_price value that’s greater than 400. Returns 2 rows of data.
Write a SELECT statement that answers this question: What is the total amount ordered for each product? Return these columns:
The product name from the Products table
The total amount for each product in the Order_Items (Hint: You can calculate the total amount by subtracting the discount amount from the item price and then multiplying it by the quantity)
Use the WITH ROLLUP operator to include a row that gives the grand total.
Hint: You will join two tables together. Returns 10 rows of data.
Write a SELECT statement that answers this question: Which customers have ordered more than one product? Return these columns:
The email address from the Customers table
The count of distinct products from the customer’s orders
Hint: You will join three tables together. . Returns 3 rows of
Answer:
Please find the attachment files of the queries:
Explanation:
In the all queries the select statement is used that selects the defined columns and use the function like sum, join, orderby, and groupby to perform the various operations, in which the sum is used to add columns or rows values, join is used for joining two or more tables, and orderby is used for return the table into ascending or descending order, and groupby is used for the count the value, calculate average and perform other operation and gives its return value.
Practice Question
What will be displayed after this
code segment is run?
count
0
REPEAT UNTIL (count = 3
count count + 1
DISPLAY
and"
DISPLAY count
"1 and 2 and 3"
"And 1 and 2 and 3"
"0 and 1 and 2"
"And 0 and 1 and 2"
Answer:
Follows are the code to the given question:
#include <stdio.h>//header file
int main()//main method
{
int count=0;//defining an integer variable
for(count=0;count<3;count++)//use for loop to count values
{
printf("%d\n",count);//print count values
}
return 0;
}
Output:
0
1
2
Explanation:
In this code, it declares the integer variable "count" which has a value of "0" and in the next step declares a loop, using the count variable to regulate count values, which is less than 3, and increases the count value, and prints its values. This variable is the count value.
The count variable holds a value of 0, and use a for loop that checks its value is less than 3, and print its value, that's why it will print the value that is 0,1, and 2.
Write code to take two words from the user. The program should convert these to lower case, then compare them: printing a positive number if string1 appears after string2 alphabetically, a negative number if string1 appears before string2 alphabetically and zero if the two strings are identical. Make sure your program does not produce any additional numerical output other than this number or it may not be graded correctly.
Answer:
Use compareTo.
Explanation:
import java.util.Scanner;
public class U2_L3_Activity_Three{
public static void main(String[] args){
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Enter first word: ");
String word1 = scan.nextLine();
System.out.println("Enter second word: ");
String word2 = scan.nextLine();
//I had to make the string all lowercase or all uppercase for when I did this
word1 = word1.toLowerCase();
word2 = word2.toLowerCase();
System.out.println("Result: " + word1.compareTo(word2));
}
}
Following are the program to converting string value into lowercase and compare with an input string value.
Program Explanation:
Import package.Defining a class Dat.Inside the class defining the main method, and in the method, two string variable "string1, string2" is declared.After input, the value a "toLowerCase" method is used that converts string value into lower case. After converting value into the lower case a "compareTo" method is used that compares value and prints its value.Program:
import java.util.*;//import package for input
public class Dat //defining a Dat
{
public static void main(String[] ax)//main method
{
String string1 ,string2; //defining String variable
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);//creating Scanner class object to input value
System.out.println("Enter values: ");//print message
string1= sc.next();//input value
string2= sc.next();//input value
string1= string1.toLowerCase();//convert string value into LowerCase
string2 = string2.toLowerCase();//convert string value into LowerCase
System.out.println("Result: " + string1.compareTo(string2));//using compareTo method
}
}
Output:
Please find the attached file.
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What are the two choices for incorporating or removing changes when reviewing tracked changes made to a document?
Edit or Apply
Revise or Accept
Accept or Reject
Incorporate or Edit
Answer:
Accept or Reject
Explanation:
The only way to get tracked changes out of the documents is to accept or reject.
So, the correct option is - Accept or Reject
Answer:
C. Accept or reject
Explanation:
Implement the function permutations() that takes a list lst as input and returns a list of all permutations of lst (so the returned value is a list of lists). Do this recursively as follows: If the input list lst is of size 1 or 0, just return a list containing list lst. Otherwise, make a recursive call on the sublist l[1:] to obtain the list of all permutations of all elements of lst except the first element l[0]. Then, for each such permutation (i.e., list) perm, generate permutations of lst by inserting lst[0] into all possible positions of perm.
>>> permutations([1, 2])
[[1, 2], [2, 1]]
>>> permutations([1, 2, 3])
[[1, 2, 3], [2, 1, 3], [2, 3, 1], [1, 3, 2], [3, 1, 2], [3, 2, 1]]
>>> permutations([1, 2, 3, 4])
[[1, 2, 3, 4], [2, 1, 3, 4], [2, 3, 1, 4], [2, 3, 4, 1],
[1, 3, 2, 4], [3, 1, 2, 4], [3, 2, 1, 4], [3, 2, 4, 1],
[1, 3, 4, 2], [3, 1, 4, 2], [3, 4, 1, 2], [3, 4, 2, 1],
[1, 2, 4, 3], [2, 1, 4, 3], [2, 4, 1, 3], [2, 4, 3, 1],
[1, 4, 2, 3], [4, 1, 2, 3], [4, 2, 1, 3], [4, 2, 3, 1],
[1, 4, 3, 2], [4, 1, 3, 2], [4, 3, 1, 2], [4, 3, 2, 1]]
Answer:
def permutations(myList: list)-> list:
if len(myList) <= 1:
return [myList]
perm = []
for i in range(len(myList)):
item = myList[i]
seglists = myList[:i] + myList[i+1:]
for num in permutations(seglists):
perm.append([item] + num)
return perm
data = [1,2,3]
result = permutations(data)
print(result)
Explanation:
The program defines a python function that returns the list of permutations. The program checks if the length of the input list is less than or equal to one. The function declaration identifies the input and output as lists.
The for loop iterate through the list and the permutations are saved in an empty list in the next loop statement. At the end of the program, the list of lists is returned.
Cole has to edit and resize hundreds of photographs for a website. Which Adobe
software program would be the best choice to complete this task?
a.) Animate b.) Dreamweaver c.) Illustrator d.) Photoshop
A data science experiment you are conducting has retrieved two historical observations for the price of Bitcoin(BTC) on December 2, 2017 of 11234 and 12475. Create a Python script that stores these two historicalobservations in a list variable namedbtcdec1.
Answer:
In Python:
btcdec1 = []
btcdec1 = [11234, 12475]
print(btcdec1)
Explanation:
First, create an empty list named btcdec1
btcdec1 = []
Next, insert the two data (11234 and 12475) into the list
btcdec1 = [11234, 12475]
Lastly, print the list
print(btcdec1)
Use EBNF notation to describe the syntax of the following language constructs.
A. A Java return statement, which could be either a return keyword followed by a semicolon, or a return keyword followed an expression then followed by a semicolon. Assume the grammar for expression has been defined as expr-> e
B. A Python return statement, either a return keyword, or return one or more expressions separated by comma.
C. Based on your syntax definition in (b), is return x+y; a valid Python return statement?
Answer:
Following are the description to the given points:
Explanation:
To resolve basic design restrictions, EBNF has also been developed.This principle was its lack of support can identify repeatings easily. It implies that popular BNF models, like the description of a sequence of replicable elements, are complicated and rely on contra intuitive logical math.
To set a list of words divided by commas (e.g. john, coffee, logic) for instance, we would like to say something like "a list is a word accompanied by a few commas or terms." Through EBNF, they may say so. However, there have been no "many" alternatives in the standard BNF format. So, to describe something such as "a list is a term or a number accompanied by a pair with notation and script," you have to say the same thing. Which functions, although it is difficult, as it specifies a variety of lists instead of a specific list.
Essentially, "john, coffee, logic is John's list, accompanied by coffees or, and logic" would be the earlier link. That's why in Option (a):
The return statement in Java is:
return ('”‘ (~[“] | ” [”e‘])*);
In option (c), it is the valid statement.
The components of hardware include:
A) Monitor, CPU, Disk Drives, Printer, Keyboard/Mouse
B) Monitor, CPU, Disk Drives, Touch Screen, Keyboard/Mouse
C) Monitor, CPU, Software, Printer, Keyboard/Mouse
D) None of the above
Answer:
A
Explanation:
Monitor, CPU, Disk Drives, Printer, Keyboard/mouse
Answer:
B.monitor,cpu,disk drives,touch screen,keyboard/Mouse
You are given the following segment of code:Line 1: PROCEDURE printScorePairs()Line 2: {Line 3: count <-- 0Line 4: sum <-- 0Line 5: i <-- 1Line 6: scores <-- [73, 85, 100, 90, 64, 55]Line 7: REPEAT UNTIL ( i > LENGTH (scores) )Line 8: {Line 9: sum <-- scores[i] scores[i 1]Line 10: DISPLAY ( sum )Line 11: i <-- i 2Line 12: }Line 13: }The ABC company is thrifty when it comes to purchasing memory (also known as RAM) for its computers. Therefore, memory is of the utmost importance and all programming code needs to be optimized to use the least amount of memory possible. What modifications could be made to reduce the memory requirements without changing the overall functionality of the code?
Answer:
Move Line 10 to after line 12
Explanation:
Required: Modify the program
From the procedure above, the procedure prints the sum at each loop. Unless it is really necessary, or it is needed to test the program, it is not a good practice.
To optimize the program, simply remove the line at displays the sum (i.e. line 10) and place it at the end of the loop.
So, the end of the procedure looks like:
Line 10: i <-- i 2
Line 11: }
Line 12: DISPLAY ( sum )
Line 13:
Which of the following algorithms is the same as the flowchart shown below?
Start
mylum - RANDOM(1,10)
false
DISPLAY("Done
DISPLAY()
O Amylum - RANDOM (1, 19)
IF (byllum > 8)
(
DISPLAY("Done")
ELSE
(
DISPLAY(myNum)
}
OB. myllum - RANDOM(1, 18)
REPEAT UNTIL (byllum > 8)
{
DISPLAY(myNum)
myllum - RANDOM(1,18)
}
DISPLAY("Done")
Octylum - RANDOM(1, 18)
IF (myllum < 8)
{
DISPLAY("Done")
ELSE
{
DISPLAY(myllum)
)
O D. myllum - RANDOM(1, 18)
REPEAT UNTIL (myNun > 8)
{
DISPLAY("Done")
DISPLAY(byllum)
Answer:
choice b
Explanation:
The algorithms are the same as the flowchart shown below is myllum - RANDOM(1, 18), REPEAT UNTIL (byllum > 8) { DISPLAY(myNum)myllum - RANDOM(1,18)} DISPLAY("Done"). The correct option is B.
What is an algorithm?The definition of algorithms in computer science. An algorithm is a list of instructions used in computer science to solve problems or carry out activities based on knowledge of potential solutions.
Think of a "black box," or a container where nobody can see what is occurring within. The box accepts our input and produces the output we require, but the process by which input is transformed into the intended output—and which we may need to understand—is an ALGORITHM.
Therefore, the correct option is B. myllum - RANDOM(1, 18)REPEAT UNTIL (byllum > 8){DISPLAY(myNum)myllum - RANDOM(1,18)}DISPLAY("Done").
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Q3: Create a class called Employee that includes three instance variables—a first name (typeString), a last name (type String) and a monthly salary (double). Provide a constructor that initializesthe three instance variables. Provide a set and a get method for each instance variable. If the monthly salary is not positive, do not set its value. {Do not write a full program, only a class}
Answer:
Follows are the code to the given question:
public class Employee //defining a class Employee
{
String first_name,last_name;
Double monthly_salary;
Employee(String first_name,String last_name,Double monthly_salary)
{
this first_name=f_name// initialize value in first_name
this last_name = l_name; // initialize value in the last_name
this monthly_salary = m_salary; // initialize value in the monthly_salary
if (monthly_salary < 0.0)//use if to check monthly_salary is positive
monthly_salary = 0.0;//set value 0
}
void setfirst_name (String f_name)//defining set method to store first_name
{
first_name = f_name; //holding the value of first_name
}
public String getfirst_name ()//defining get method to return first_name
{
return first_name;//return first_name
}
public void setlast_name (String l_name)//defining set method to store last_name
{
last_name = l_name; // holding the value of the last_name
}
public String getlast_name ()//defining get method to return last_name
{
return last_name;//return last_name
}
public void setmonthly_salary(double m_salary)//defining set method to store monthly_salary
{
monthly_salary = m_salary; // holding the value of the monthly_salary
}
public double getmonthly_salary ()//defining get method to return monthly_salary
{
return monthly_salary;//return monthly_salary
}
}
Explanation:
In this code, a class "Employee" is declared that defines two string variables "first_name,last_name", and one double variable "monthly_salary". In the next step, a parameterized constructor is defined that stores the value into the variable, and use if block to check "monthly_salary" is a positive. It also uses the getter and setter method to hold and return its value.
when working with smart which tab would provide the ability to change the shape or size of the smart art shapes
Answer:
B) Format
Explanation:
Write your own printArray() function found in Processing for the Arduino. For simplicity, you can limit printArray() to integer arrays and you will also pass the size of the array to your function. For example, given the following code:
int terps[5] = {7, 9, 12, 1, 46};
void printArray(int arrayToPrint[], int arraySize) { // YOUR CODE HERE }
void setup()
{ // put your setup code here, to run once:
Serial.begin(9600);
}
void loop() {
// put your main code here, to run repeatedly:
printArray(terps,sizeof(terps)/sizeof(int)); delay(1000);
}
You should repeatedly see the following in the serial monitor:
[0]: 7
[1]: 9
[2]: 12
[3]: 1
[4]: 46
Answer:
Follows are the method definition to this question:
void printArray(int arrayToPrint[], int arraySize) //defining a method printArray that accepts two array in its parameters
{
for (int j = 0; j < arraySize; j++)//defining for loop print Serial numbers
{
Serial.print("[");//use print method to print square bracket
Serial.print(j);//use print method to print Serial numbers
Serial.print("]: ");//use print method to print square bracket
Serial.println(arrayToPrint[j]);//printing array value
}
}
Explanation:
In the above code, a method "printArray" is declared that holds two arrays "arrayToPrint and arraySize" as a parameter, and inside the method is used for loop to print the values.
In the loop, first, it uses the square bracket to print the serial number and in the last step, it prints array values.
Write a SELECT statement that returns three columns: VendorName from Vendors table, DefaultAccount No from Vendors table, AccountDescription from Invoice table. The result set should have one row for each vendor, with the account number and account description for that vendor’s default account number. Sort the result set by AccountDescription, then by VendorName
Answer:
SELECT VendorName, InvoiceNumber, InvoiceDate,
InvoiceTotal - PaymentTotal - CreditTotal AS Balance
FROM Vendors JOIN Invoices
ON Vendors.VendorID = Invoices.VendorID
WHERE InvoiceTotal - PaymentTotal - CreditTotal > 0
ORDER BY VendorName;
Answer:
C
Explanation:
list out various computer generation long with their basic characteristic
Answer:
1940 – 1956: First Generation – Vacuum Tubes. These early computers used vacuum tubes as circuitry and magnetic drums for memory. ... 1956 – 1963: Second Generation – Transistors. ... 1964 – 1971: Third Generation – Integrated Circuits. ... 1972 – 2010: Fourth Generation – MicroprocessorsExplanation:
there are 4 generations ok
please mark me as brainlist
can anyone teach me the basics of lua scripts 50 points
like how do i tell lua to move a object or send me a prompt asking me to do something
Answer:
are you talking about about a game, or coding?
Hello! So I have been practising some coding, however, there seems to be an error in my code. I have been trying to figure out what is wrong, however, I just can't seem to find it. There is no syntax error but, there seems to be a problem with my input. I am currently using repl.it and I am making a calculator. I would input something like "multiply" however, the calculator would only square. I have tried changing the variables but it just keeps coming back to the first "if" statement. I would appreciate some help.
Answer:
You OR expressions are wrong.
Explanation:
Rather than writing:
if method == "Square" or "square":
You should write:
if method == "Square" or method == "square":
The expression should evaluate to something that is true or false.
In the above case, the expression is method == "Square" or method == "square" which can are actually two sub-expressions with an or in between them:
subexpr1 or subexpr2
each of the sub-expressions should evaluate to true or false.
method == "Square" is one of those sub-expressions.
That is how an expression is broken down by the compiler.
TIP: If you would add method = method.lower() right after the input, you could simplify all the if statements by removing the uppercase variants.
Define 'formatting'
Answer:
Formatting refers to the appearance or presentation of your essay.
Explanation:
Most essays contain at least four different kinds of text: headings, ordinary paragraphs, quotations and bibliographic references.