What are the 3 types of trade barriers?

As an Oligopoly firm produces at a higher output, economies of scale allow the costs per unit (ATC) to decline significantly.

When firms in an oligopoly market individually chooses production in order to maximize profit, a quantity of output is produced by them which is higher than the level produced by monopoly and lesser than the level produced by competition.

The existence of economies of scale in certain industries can lead to oligopolistic market structures in those industries. This oligopoly market structure refers to a market form in which there are only a few sellers and they sell similar products.

The Oligopoly firm produces at a higher output, and so the costs per unit here decline significantly. Oligopoly firms are also able to take advantage of economies of scale that reduce production costs and prices.

Thus, when the oligopoly firm produces at a higher output, economies of scale allow the costs per unit (ATC) to decline significantly.

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Are worth careful scrutiny by the managers of all companies because

-are worth high and careful scrutiny by the managers of all companies in the industry. This is because when the benchmarks signal that the operating data for a company is out of line or do not meet expectations, the managers have to take corrective actions.

If you want to know how your company compares to your competitors, you can find the answer in Industry Benchmarks. Benchmarks are industry standards or guidelines for key financial metrics. Basically, they represent the average of key figures collected from many different companies and sorted by industry.

Key Business Ratios provides online access to benchmark data. It provides 14 key business metrics including solvency, efficiency and profitability metrics for over 800 types of companies organized by industry categories.

In this way, we can define three kinds of benchmarks: process, performance, and strategy. Process benchmarking is comparing the steps of your operation to those established by others.

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Inspire employees and clarify their vision. Find new and innovative ways to produce and deliver goods and services.

The main function of front-line managers is to oversee departments and employees. According to Lumen Learning, they are responsible for ensuring that the team achieves the goals of the organization.

Conceptual skill. These skills represent the manager's ability to organize and analyze information to improve the performance of the organization. This includes the ability to see the entire organization and understand how the different parts combine to act as an integrated unit.

Human skills are the ability to understand, change, guide, and control the behavior of other individuals and groups, and the ability to communicate, coordinate and motivate people in a cohesive team.

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If buyers cannot observe the quality of a car before buying it, they will be willing to pay Less than $10,000 for a car. Thus, the sellers of high-value cars will not be willing to sell their cars. The result of this information asymmetry will be that there are no high-value cars in the market , a problem known as Adverse Selection.

Adverse selection refers generally to a situation in which sellers have information that buyers do not have, or vice versa, about some aspect of product quality. In other words, it is a case where asymmetric information is exploited. Asymmetric information, also called information failure, happens when one party to a transaction has greater material knowledge than the other party.

Adverse selection happens when there are two or more parties and one of them has more information than the other.

Therefore, we can conclude that the correct option is C.

Your question is incomplete, but most probably your full question was:

Suppose that there are two types of cars: high value (which are worth $10,000 to buyers) and low value (which are worth $5,000 to buyers). If buyers cannot observe the quality of a car before buying it, they will be willing to pay ______ for a car. Thus, the sellers of high-value cars _____ be willing to sell their cars. The result of this information asymmetry will be that there are ____________, a problem known as adverse selection.

A. Less than $10,000 / will / no high-value cars in the market

B. More than $10,000 / will / no high-value cars in the market

C. Less than $10,000 / will not / no high-value cars in the market

D. More than $10,000 / will not / no low-value cars in the market

E. Less than $10,000 / will not / no low-value cars in the market

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The initial margin required for futures trading must be put up by both the buyer and the seller.

Futures contract is a standardized agreement between a buyer and a seller where there is an agreement to exchange a good at some point in the future. The buyer has a long position in the futures contract while the seller has a short position in the contract.  

Futures trading is the trading of a futures contract. Futures trading usually occurs on an exchange. The initial margin is the amount of money needed the exchange to initiate a futures position between a buyer and seller.

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Answer:

the price of the.

Explanation:

the amount of another good a person is willing to give up to get one more taco. the amount of another good a person must give up to get one more taco

The total of the balances in the creditors accounts should agree with the balance of, "the Accounts Payable account in the general ledger."

We balance the accounts payable in the general ledger because it serves as a check to ensure that for every transaction, a debit recorded in one ledger account has been matched with a credit in another. If there is a  double entry, the total of the debit balances should always equal the total of the credit balances.

Hence, the purpose of the accounts payable ledger and its subsidiary accounts is to display a company's debt to each of its suppliers, creditors, or vendors in a spreadsheet to more accurately track the data.

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Answer: Effortless and inspiring

Explanation:

According to the above scenario,  AARP wants customers we work with to feel their relationship with AARP is effortless and inspiring.

Branded products refer to the type of the products that are produced by the manufacturer is known to the people and popular among the masses and having the label of the manufacturer on it. Such types of products are considered to be of good quality.

According to the given scenario, AARP wants to sell the products to know the reaction of the customers. When communicating with customers, AARP requires agents selling its products to exhibit five important behaviors.

AARP wants its clients to feel that their connection with it is mutually beneficial, as the relationship between them and customers is inspiring and effortless.

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A sunk cost when the firm is considering exit is the cost which is being incurred already and is unavoidable.

A sunk cost is a type of expenditure which the firm incurs and there is no way to avoid this cost, and the expenditure is incurred already and the next decision taken will have no impact on this expenditure.

For example the sunk cost can be:

Rent - no matter how much of area is being used but the rent for whole area is being paid.

Wages - No matter how much units are produced but the wages are paid.

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The annual depreciation comes out to be $2,268.64/year.

The standard annual rate at which depreciation is applied to a fixed asset is known as annual depreciation.

If the straight-line approach is applied, this rate remains constant from year to year. If an accelerated method is utilized, annual depreciation will increase in the first few years before declining in the following years.

(Depreciation expense per year = (Cost of the asset - Salvage value) ÷ Useful life.

The given data is -

The cost of assets is given as $23,053.80.

The salvage value is given as $2,636.

Calculation for the depreciation-

Depreciation expense per year = ( $23,053.80cost - $2,636 Salvage) ÷ (9               Year life)

Depreciation expense per year = $2,268.64/year.

Therefore, annual depreciation is $2,268.64/year.

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The Unsharp Mask tool is the photograph tool that can be used by Kyle to improve the image despite that it was out of focus.

This refers to an image sharpening technique that was first implemented in darkroom photography but now popularly used in the digital image processing software.

The tool is common among photographer because it helped toi increases the image contrast along the edges of objects in a photo and it will correct the out-of-focus. It also helps to change the relative highpass content in an image by subtracting a blurred version of the image.

Despite that it is an after-capture tool, the effect are usluslly not detected edges but the pixel values can vary from their neighboring pixels by a certain amount.

Therefore, the Unsharp Mask tool is the photograph tool that can be used by Kyle to improve the image despite that it was out of focus.

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Time value of money is not comparable to a dollar paid (or received) today is a dollar paid (or received) in the future.

As "the value derived from the use of money over time as a result of investment and reinvestment," time value of money is defined. The phrase "worth of a rupee obtained today is different from the worth of rupee to be received in future" refers to the time value of money.

According to the time value of money (TVM) theory, money that is available now is worth more than the same amount in the future because of its potential for growth. This fundamental tenet of finance states that, as long as money can accrue interest, it is always more valuable to obtain money as quickly as possible.

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A company's required rate of return computed as an average of the rate the company must pay to its lenders and investors is called: Cost of capital.

Cost of capital can be defined as the required return a person or an individual who provide capital for the start up of a business is expecting to receive  or  the return an investor is expecting  for investing in a business.

Hence, cost of capital is the expected  rate of return  a company or an organization must pay to its lenders and investors.

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Answer: Hurdle rate

Explanation:

When an appraiser relies on comparable properties to estimate a property's adjusted market price, the appraiser is using the sales comparison approach.

Corresponds to a method used for market price comparison, being more used in the real estate sector, where a price comparison of properties in certain areas is carried out, to establish a price compatible with the local market.

The sales comparison helps in a greater understanding and strategic vision of the market, being in the real estate market, for example, an instrument that allows a more accurate comparison, such as:

Therefore, this technique is positive for strategic decision-making purposes, defining competitive and favorable conditions for the definition of competitive prices for a given market with specific characteristics.

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In the long run, the most important factor shifting the SRAS curve is productivity growth.

Productivity—in economic terms—is how much output can be produced with a given quantity of labor. One measure of this is output per worker, or GDP per capita.

Since 1947, the U.S. corporate sector has been able to create nine times more goods and services with only a little increase in labor hours thanks to productivity gains. An economy may create and consume more goods and services for the same amount of effort when productivity is growing.

Productivity is a way of thinking and a condition of being. Being effective entails acting in every situation as we actively choose to and not as we feel pressured to by external factors. Being productive requires adopting a mindset of constant development.

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A purchase option lease provision gives the lessee the option to buy the leased property at the end of the lease term at a specified exercise price.

If a lease has a bargain purchase option, the lessee must record the asset as a capital lease in an amount equal to the present value of all minimal lease payments over the lease term. During the lease term, each minimum lease payment must be allocated between a discount of the lease obligation and interest expense.

The operating lease provides a tax deduction for rent payments. In a financial lease, there is an asset purchase option given at the end of the contractual period. Under an operating lease, there's no such offer.

A liability incurred to acquire a Tangible capital asset (TCA) with a useful life extending beyond an accounting period and held under lease by the government for use, on a continuing basis, in the production or supply of goods and services.

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A bond's stated interest rate is 6%.

The said annual interest fee, occasionally called SAR, is the go back on an investment (ROI) this is expressed as in keeping with-12 months percent. it's far an easy hobby charge calculation that does not account for any compounding that happens for the duration of the year.

The powerful interest price is calculated thru a simple formulation: r = (1 + i/n)^n - 1. in this system, r represents the powerful interest rate, I represent the stated hobby fee, and n represents the range of compounding durations per 12 months.

The nominal hobby rate is the said hobby rate of a bond or loan, which signifies the actual economic price borrowers pay lenders to use their money. If the nominal price on a loan is five%, debtors can count on paying $5 for a hobby for every $a hundred loaned to them.

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The correct option for The margin of safety as a percentage of sales is closest to C. 26%

margin of safety = ( current sales - break-even sales ) / Current sales

                           = ( 14,000 × $290 ) - ( 10,360 × $290 ) / ( 14,000 × $290 )

                           = $1, 055, 600 / $4, 060, 000

                           = 26%

∴ margin of safety = 26%

The margin of safety is a precept of making an investment in which an investor only purchases securities whilst their market rate is significantly below their intrinsic value.

In other phrases, when the marketplace price of protection is appreciably under your estimation of its intrinsic cost, the distinction is the margin of safety.

The margin of safety is the distinction between the quantity of predicted profitability and the break-even point. The margin of the safety system is the same as modern sales minus the breakeven factor, divided by way of modern sales.

Your Question is Incomplete. Please read below for the missing content.

Mcmurtry Corporation sells a product for $290 per unit. The product's current sales are 14,000 units and its break-even sales are 10,360 units. The margin of safety as a percentage of sales is closest to:

A. 74%

B. 65%

C. 26%

D. 35%

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A group of similar products that differ only in relatively minor characteristics is called a product line. A product line cam be defined as a group or set of similar products manufactured and sold under a one brand name and a same company.

A single organisation can have different product lines. Product line can vary from color, size, type, prize and so on. For example - Coca-cola company sells juices of various flavors like mango, orange, guava etc. under a single brand name Minute Maid and under a same company Coca-cola.

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The marginal productivity of the first hour of studying is 15%.

Formula for Marginal Productivity = (Qn – Qn-1) / (Ln – Ln-1)

The total product value is divided by the difference in labor to determine the marginal product of labor.

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The firm will exit or leave the industry as its not making any profits.

According to the Question,

The firm produces at P = MC

Where we know,

Q = 55 units

P = $4.78

ATC or Average Total Cost = 6.76

AVC or Average Valuable Cost = 3

P > AVC so the firm produces to minimize losses at the MC = P.

Profit = ( P - ATC ) × Q

=( 4.78 - 6.76 ) × 55

= - 108.9

The profit is - 108.9 dollars per minute.

As the firm in the industry is making losses ( a negative profit ) so it  will exit the industry in the long run.

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Options B, C, and D are three controlling principles.

Control principles that performance does not deviate from the norm. Management consists of three steps: (1) setting performance baselines, (2) comparing actual performance to baselines, and (3) taking corrective action when necessary.

Control principles are only justified if positive corrective action is taken. It's not enough to point out deviations or shortcomings from the standard. Steps should be taken to correct these deviations from the norm through planning, organization, leadership, staffing and other such management functions.

The question is incomplete. Please read below to find the missing content.

With regard to exchanges of information between FIUs of different countries, what are three controlling principles?

A. That sharing between FIUs be permitted only if the central banks are also a party to the sharing.

B. That the sharing of information should be done as freely as possible on the basis of reciprocity.

C. That the sharing should be on the basis of requests and also spontaneously.

D. That differences in the definition of offenses should not impede the free exchange of information.

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The country that contributes the least amount of aid to foreign nations and multinational organizations based on its GNI is the B. United States.

The U.S. is perhaps the largest donor to international organizations and foreign nations with billions going to other nations annually.

The percentage that is given as aid is however a small amount of U.S. national income thanks to the staggering amount earned by Americans in a year.

Options for this question include:

A. United Kingdom

B. United States

C. Germany

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Treating people within an organization fairly and taking actions that do not discriminate against people in protected classes on the basis of some illegal criterion is called equal employment opportunity

You're likely to hear the terms "protected class" or "protected group" when dealing with situations that include anti-discrimination lawsuits. It's possible that many people are unaware of the specific meaning of this phrase, although it's a rather straightforward idea. A group of people who are eligible for specific special protection under a law or policy is referred to as a protected class.

Although discrimination can occur in all kinds of groupings, not all groups are legally recognized as protected classes. Unfortunately, federal or state anti-discrimination laws may not provide protection for someone who does not belong to a protected class.

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For a typical capital investment project, the bulk of the investment-related cash outflow occurs during the initiation stage of the project.

A capital investment project is a long-term capital-intensive investment project with a purpose to build upon, or improve a capital asset. Capital projects acquire large scale and large cost. In the capital project, cash outflow occurs during the initiation stage of the project.

During the initiation stage of a capital project, the total cost is estimated which would execute the project and based on that estimation the cash outflow occurs.

Capital investment is the acquisition of physical assets by a company to expand its business goals and objectives. Machinery, real estate, and manufacturing plants, are capital investments assets which are purchased.

Hence, capital investment occurs during the initiation stage of the project.

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Nomothetic perspective

A nomothetic approach aims to generate broad generalizations that take into consideration more extensive societal trends, which define the context of particular events, individual behaviors, and experience.

When doing nomothetic research, sociologists are likely to use big survey data sets or other types of statistical data, as well as quantitative statistical analysis.

I understand the question you are looking for is this:

Some consumer researchers focus on one specific trait, such as conscientiousness, that exists across a number of consumers, to predict the adoption rate of new products. This is an application of which of the following approaches to studying consumer traits?

a. Idiographic perspective

b. Nomothetic perspective

c. Nominal perspective

d. Cognitive perspective

e. Ethical perspective

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The amount I will pay for the company's stock today is $42.40.

The amount I would pay for the company's stock is dependent on the value of the stock. The value of the stock can be determined using the Gordon growth model.

According to the Gordon growth model, the value of a stock is a factor of its dividend, growth rate and the rate of return.

Value of a stock = next year dividend / (rate of return - growth rate)

$2.65 / (11 - 4.75%)

$2.65 / 6.25%

$2.65 / 0.0625 = $42.40

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Company B's retained earnings at the end of 2014 is $17,250,000.

Using this formula

Retained earnings=Retained earnings +Pre-tax income×(1-Marginal tax rate)-Price per share× Outstanding shares

Let plug in the formula

Retained earnings=$13,500,000+($7,000,000× (1 - 40%))- ($0.15 × 3,000,000)

Retained earnings=$13,500,000 + $4,200,000- $450,000

Retained earnings= $17,250,000

Therefore Company B's retained earnings at the end of 2014 is $17,250,000.

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Naomi is willing to pay $120 dollars for a multi-cat condo. She ends up paying $90. Naomi's consumer surplus is $30.

Consumer surplus is also known as buyer's surplus. It is the economic measure of a customer's excess benefit. It is calculated by analyzing the difference between the consumer's willingness to pay for a product and the actual price they pay.

Consumer surplus is calculated by:

Consumer surplus = Maximum price buyer is willing to pay – Actual price.

So, Naomi is willing to pay $120 dollars for a multi-cat condo but she ends up paying $90.

Therefore, $120 - $90 = $30

Hence, Naomi's consumer surplus is $30.

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If 1700 units remain unsold at the end of the month, the amount of inventory that would be reported on the absorption costing balance sheet is option A. 2,890,000. Variable cost per unit = (42,500 + 85,000 + 47,500+12,500) / 2,500 = $1700. 1700 units x $1700 = 2,890,000 (Since operating expenses incurred for the sales, cannot be included).

Inventory or stock refers to the goods and materials that a business holds for the ultimate goal of resale, production or utilisation. Inventory management is a discipline primarily about specifying the shape and placement of stocked goods.

Therefore, the correct answer is as given above

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The complete question goes thus:

If 1700 units remain unsold at the end of the month, the amount of inventory that would be reported on the absorption costing balance sheet is

a. $2,890,000

b. $2,550,000

c. $2,720,000

d. $3,080,000