To optimize an output, you would use ______; to find out the value of an assumption that is needed to hit a certain budget target, you would use ______.

For Timor, to earn his target profit, he will need to rent out  1,200 rooms.

Profit = (Revenue - Variable Costs) - Fixed Costs
Where revenue is the total amount earned from renting out rooms, variable costs are the costs directly associated with renting out rooms (such as cleaning and maintenance), and fixed costs are the costs that Timor incurs regardless of how many rooms he rents out (such as rent, utilities, and salaries).

Using the information given in the question, we can plug in the values:
$20,000 = (Revenue - $20 per room) - $100,000
$20,000 + $100,000 = Revenue - $20 per room
$120,000 = Revenue - $20 per room
$100 per room = Revenue / Number of rooms
Number of rooms = Revenue / $100 per room
Number of rooms = $120,000 / $100 per room
Number of rooms = 1,200
Therefore, Timor needs to rent out 1,200 rooms to earn his target profit of $20,000.

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The mean of the lead-time demand is 3000, and the standard deviation of the lead-time demand is approximately 173.2.

To calculate the mean and standard deviation of the lead-time demand, we need to first understand the concept of lead time demand.

Lead time is the time it takes for an item to be replenished once it is ordered. During this lead time, demand for the item may continue to occur, leading to what is called lead-time demand.

Assuming that lead-time demand is also normally distributed, we can use the following formulas to calculate its mean and standard deviation:

Mean of lead-time demand = mean of annual demand * (lead time in months)

Standard deviation of lead-time demand = standard deviation of annual demand * square root (lead time in months)

Substituting the given values, we get:

Mean of lead-time demand = 1000 * 3 = 3000

Standard deviation of lead-time demand = 100 * square root(3) = 173.2 (rounded to one decimal place)

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Coral Inc.'s cost of preferred stock is 12.5% when Coral Inc.'s preferred stock sells for $90 per share and pays a dividend of $10 per share.

Coral Inc.'s cost of preferred stock can be calculated using the dividend and net proceeds from the issuance of new preferred shares. The cost of preferred stock is essentially the rate of return that investors require in order to hold onto the preferred stock.

Using the given information, we can calculate the cost of preferred stock as follows:

Cost of preferred stock = Annual dividend / Net proceeds per share

Annual dividend = $10 per share
Net proceeds per share = $80 per share

Cost of preferred stock = $10 / $80 = 0.125 or 12.5%

Therefore, Coral Inc.'s cost of preferred stock is 12.5%. This means that investors require a 12.5% rate of return in order to hold onto the company's preferred stock. It's important to note that this rate may change over time, based on market conditions and other factors. Additionally, it's important for Coral Inc. to consider the cost of preferred stock when making financial decisions, as it can impact the company's overall cost of capital.

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The change in the equilibrium quantity of real GDP demanded will be a decrease of $6 billion.

The tax multiplier can be calculated as:

tax multiplier = - MPC / (1 - MPC)

tax multiplier = - 0.75 / (1 - 0.75) = -3

The negative sign indicates that taxes and GDP move in opposite directions.

To calculate the resulting change in the equilibrium quantity of real GDP demanded, we can use the formula for the expenditure multiplier:

expenditure multiplier = 1 / (1 - MPC)

expenditure multiplier = 1 / (1 - 0.75) = 4

The expenditure multiplier indicates how much the equilibrium quantity of real GDP demanded will change in response to a change in autonomous spending. In this case, the autonomous spending is the $1.5 billion increase in taxes.

Change in equilibrium quantity of real GDP demanded = expenditure multiplier * change in autonomous spending

Change in equilibrium quantity of real GDP demanded = 4 * (-$1.5 billion)

Change in equilibrium quantity of real GDP demanded = -$6 billion

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The type of receipt that provides immediate coverage during the underwriting period is called a "binding receipt."

A binding receipt is a temporary contract of insurance that becomes effective immediately upon receipt of the premium payment and acceptance of the application by the insurer. This means that if an applicant pays the premium and is accepted for coverage, they are immediately protected by the insurance policy, without having to wait for the policy to be issued.

The binding receipt is typically valid until the insurance company issues a policy or declines the application. In essence, the receipt binds the insurer to provide coverage for the period of time it takes to complete the underwriting process. This is particularly important for individuals who need immediate coverage, such as those who are buying a home or a car and need insurance in order to finalize the purchase.

It is important to note that the terms and conditions of the binding receipt may vary depending on the insurance company and the type of insurance policy being purchased. It is always recommended to carefully review the terms of the binding receipt before making a premium payment.

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The scanning mode in additive manufacturing that theoretically provides the fastest method to fabricate a three-dimensional part is the continuous scanning mode.

This mode allows the laser or electron beam to move continuously across the build platform without stopping or slowing down, which results in a faster fabrication process compared to the other scanning modes such as the island scanning mode or the spiral scanning mode. However, the actual speed of the fabrication process also depends on factors such as the laser power, layer thickness, and material properties.

The scanning mode in additive manufacturing that theoretically provides the fastest method to fabricate a three-dimensional part is the bi-directional scanning mode, also known as the zigzag scanning mode. In this scanning mode, the print head moves back and forth in a zigzag pattern, depositing material as it goes. This allows for a continuous, uninterrupted printing process that can be completed in less time than other scanning modes. However, the actual speed of printing will depend on a number of factors, including the size and complexity of the part, the resolution and accuracy required, and the characteristics of the material being used. Additionally, other factors such as pre-processing and post-processing steps may also impact the overall time required to produce a three-dimensional part.

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To calculate the accumulated depreciation at December 31, 2017, using the straight-line method, we need to first determine the annual depreciation expense.

The formula for annual straight-line depreciation is:

(cost of asset - salvage value) / useful life

In this case:

($400,000 - $10,000) / 5 = $78,000 per year

To find the accumulated depreciation at December 31, 2017, we need to multiply the annual depreciation expense by the number of years the equipment has been in use:

$78,000 x 2 = $156,000

Therefore, the accumulated depreciation at December 31, 2017, is $156,000.


Cuso Company purchased equipment on January 1, 2016, for $400,000. The equipment has an estimated useful life of 5 years and an estimated salvage value of $10,000. To determine the accumulated depreciation at December 31, 2017, we need to use the straight-line method of depreciation.

The straight-line method evenly spreads the depreciation expense over the useful life of the asset. To calculate the annual depreciation expense, we use the following formula:

(cost of asset - salvage value) / useful life

Plugging in the numbers:

($400,000 - $10,000) / 5 = $78,000 per year

This means that the equipment is depreciating by $78,000 per year.

To find the accumulated depreciation at December 31, 2017, we need to multiply the annual depreciation expense by the number of years the equipment has been in use. Since the equipment was purchased on January 1, 2016, it has been in use for 2 years as of December 31, 2017.

$78,000 x 2 = $156,000

Therefore, the accumulated depreciation at December 31, 2017, is $156,000.

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An undifferentiated targeting strategy is where a company targets the entire market with one product or service. While a differentiated targeting strategy involves targeting specific segments of the market with products or services that are customized to meet their specific needs.

Although there is evidence that a differentiated targeting strategy can be more effective, there are still some reasons why a company may choose to adopt an undifferentiated targeting strategy. For example, the company may have limited resources or capacity to create multiple products or services for different segments of the market. Additionally, the company may be entering a new market and may not have enough information to differentiate their products or services. Finally, the company may have a product or service that is suitable for the entire market and does not require customization. Overall, while a differentiated targeting strategy can be more effective, there are still valid reasons why a company may choose to adopt an undifferentiated targeting strategy.

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The midpoint formula for calculating price elasticity of demand is:

Price elasticity of demand = ((Q2-Q1)/((Q1+Q2)/2)) / ((P2-P1)/((P1+P2)/2))

Where Q1 and P1 represent the initial quantity and price, respectively, and Q2 and P2 represent the new quantity and price, respectively.

Using this formula and the given information, we can calculate the own price elasticity of demand for Sam's Sandwiches as follows:

Price elasticity of demand = ((80-70)/((70+80)/2)) / (($4-$6)/(($4+$6)/2))

Price elasticity of demand = (10/75) / (-2/5)

Price elasticity of demand = -0.6667

Based on this result, we can say that Sam's Sandwiches are relatively inelastic, since the absolute value of the elasticity is less than 1. This means that a 1% decrease in price will result in less than a 1% increase in quantity demanded. In other words, reducing the price from $6 to $4 led to an increase in quantity demanded from 70 to 80 sandwiches, but the percentage increase was less than 16.7% (10/70). If Sam wants to increase sales further, he may need to consider other factors such as advertising, product quality, or variety.

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If the economy was in a recession, Congress and the Federal Reserve Bank could implement a combination of fiscal and monetary policies to correct it quickly.

Fiscal policy involves government spending and taxation, while monetary policy involves controlling the money supply and interest rates. To correct a recession, Congress could increase government spending and decrease taxes, which would increase consumer spending and stimulate the economy.

Meanwhile, the Federal Reserve Bank could decrease interest rates and increase the money supply, which would encourage borrowing and investment. This combination of policies would provide a boost to the economy from both sides, increasing spending and investment and lowering borrowing costs.

This could help to stabilize the economy and promote economic growth, potentially leading to an end to the recession.

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In the Keynesian model, a recessionary gap will develop if there is too little spending. The answer is A.

A recessionary gap occurs when the actual aggregate demand falls short of the aggregate supply, leading to lower production levels, underemployment, and a decrease in overall economic activity. Too little spending results in lower consumption and investment, which in turn reduces the aggregate demand and causes a recessionary gap.

On the other hand, an increase or decrease in average labor productivity does not directly cause a recessionary gap, as it influences the economy's productive capacity rather than aggregate demand.Government policies and investments in education and technology can lead to economic growth.

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The contract issued by a local authority that gives a single firm the right to sell its goods within an exclusive market is known as a monopoly.

This type of contract is typically granted by a government or local authority, and it allows a company to be the only provider of a certain good or service within a particular geographic area.

A monopoly is granted in order to protect the interests of the company that is granted the contract, as well as to ensure that the citizens within the local area have access to the goods or services they need.

In some cases, a monopoly can be beneficial to consumers, as it can lead to lower prices and higher quality products, since the company has no competition to worry about.

However, there are also potential drawbacks to a monopoly, including the possibility of price gouging, lack of innovation, and reduced consumer choice.

Therefore, it is important for local authorities to carefully consider the potential benefits and drawbacks before granting a monopoly contract to a single firm. Additionally, it is important to monitor the market to ensure that the company is not abusing its monopoly power or engaging in anti-competitive practices.

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The economics of income taxes refer to the way taxes are collected, distributed and used by governments. Income taxes in the United States are based on a progressive tax structure, which means that as a person's income increases, the rate at which it is taxed also increases.

This ensures that those who can afford to pay more, do so, while those who are less able to pay, are taxed at a lower rate.

The tax paid on the next dollar of taxable income is referred to as the marginal tax rate. This is because it only applies to the additional income earned above a certain threshold. The marginal tax rate is often higher than the average tax rate, which is determined by dividing the total tax liability by the taxable income.

The U.S. tax structure is complex and can be affected by a variety of factors, such as deductions, exemptions and credits. These can be used to reduce the amount of taxable income and therefore lower the overall tax liability. Income taxes are an important source of revenue for governments, which can then be used to fund public goods and services such as infrastructure, education, and healthcare. Understanding the economics of income taxes is important for individuals and businesses alike, as it can impact decisions regarding work, investment, and spending.

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The country in this scenario has a trade deficit, which means that it imports more than it exports. This can have both positive and negative effects on the country's economy.

On the positive side, it allows consumers to have access to a wider variety of goods and services at potentially lower prices. However, it also means that the country is sending more money overseas than it is receiving, which can impact the overall balance of payments and potentially lead to a decrease in the value of its currency. In order to address a trade deficit, a country may try to increase its exports by promoting its industries and products, or by implementing trade policies that make it more attractive for foreign buyers.

It may also work to decrease its imports by reducing domestic demand for foreign goods or by imposing tariffs or other trade barriers. Overall, a trade deficit can be a complex issue that requires careful consideration of a country's economic goals and priorities. It is important for policymakers to weigh the potential benefits and drawbacks of different approaches to addressing the issue and to consider the broader impacts on the country's economy and global trade relationships.

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The key crime-producing effort of modern corporate capitalism that involves the accrual of profits produced by the laboring classes by business owners for reinvestment or personal enrichment is commonly referred to as "exploitation."

This term refers to the unequal distribution of wealth and power between the working class and the capitalist class, which enables the latter to benefit from the labor of the former without providing fair compensation or opportunities for upward mobility.

Exploitation can take many forms, such as low wages, inadequate benefits, unsafe working conditions, and limited job security, all of which contribute to a cycle of poverty and economic instability for workers while enabling business owners to accumulate wealth and maintain their position of power.

This dynamic has been criticized by many social and economic justice advocates, who argue that it perpetuates inequality and undermines the values of democracy and human dignity.

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To record the sale of the season tickets, Wildhorse University would debit Cash for $826,000 and credit Season Ticket Revenue for $826,000. This is because the university received cash for the sale of the season tickets and recognized revenue as the tickets were sold, even though the games have not yet been played.

After playing the first home game, Wildhorse University would need to recognize the revenue earned from that game. Assuming each game has an equal value, the revenue recognized after the first home game would be $59,000 ($140 x 5,900 tickets / 14 games). To record this revenue, Wildhorse University would debit Season Ticket Revenue for $59,000 and credit Unearned Season Ticket Revenue for $59,000. This is because at the time of the season ticket sale, the university had not yet earned revenue from any of the games, so the revenue was recorded as unearned. After the first game, the university has now earned revenue for one of the games and can recognize that revenue.

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International companies typically move from an international division structure to a global structure with the expectation to achieve greater coordination and integration of operations across different countries and regions, and to better leverage the company's global resources and capabilities.

In an international division structure, the company's operations in different countries are managed as separate divisions, which can lead to duplication of functions, inefficiencies, and a lack of coordination. By moving to a global structure, the company can create a more unified and integrated approach to managing its operations, products, and services on a global scale. This can help the company to achieve economies of scale, reduce costs, and respond more quickly to changing market conditions and customer needs.

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To calculate the number of fixed costs that should have been reported in Dover, Inc.'s contribution margin income statement for the most recent fiscal year, we can use the formula:

Fixed costs = Total sales - Variable costs - Operating income

Variable costs can be calculated by subtracting the contribution margin from total sales:

Variable costs = Total sales - Contribution margin
Variable costs = $3,160,000 - $1,480,000
Variable costs = $1,680,000

Substituting the values we have:

Fixed costs = $3,160,000 - $1,680,000 - $370,000
Fixed costs = $1,110,000

Therefore, the amount that should have been reported as fixed costs in Dover, Inc.'s contribution margin income statement for the most recent fiscal year is $1,110,000. This means that $1,110,000 of the company's expenses were fixed and did not change with the level of sales.

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The current period's entry to record the warranty expense is debit Warranty Expense $3,650; credit Estimated Warranty Liability $3,650.

Debit the warranty expense account and credit the warranty liability account to accumulate the warranty expense. Debit the warranty liability account and credit the inventory account for the cost of the replacement items and parts shipped to consumers as actual warranty claims are received.

Warranties are first reported as a liability since they fall under the category of unearned revenue or delayed revenue. If the business wanted to charge $20 for a two-year warranty, the money would be taken at the point of sale. The cost of the warranty should be noted when the product is sold.

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Affirmative action is the most suitable term to address the question's focus on reinstating those who were wrongly terminated.

The best response to the question about the result of a lawsuit and its relation to reinstating wrongly terminated individuals would be "affirmative action." Affirmative action is a policy that aims to promote equal opportunities for members of disadvantaged groups, such as women and racial minorities, who have historically been underrepresented in various sectors. It includes measures taken by organizations, governments, or other institutions to ensure fair representation and equal opportunities for these groups. In the context of a lawsuit, affirmative action can play a significant role in addressing wrongful terminations based on discrimination or bias. For example, if an employee has been terminated due to their race or gender, the court may order the employer to reinstate the employee and provide any necessary accommodations or adjustments. This helps to ensure that the affected individual is treated fairly and that similar situations do not occur in the future. In this context, operations and cultural dimensions refer to different aspects of an organization's functioning and may not directly address the issue of wrongful termination or reinstatement. Diversity, on the other hand, is a broader concept that encompasses various aspects of inclusiveness and representation, but it is not specifically related to the result of a lawsuit.

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Colleen's rate of return on her investment can be calculated by dividing the total dividends received by the initial investment amount. In this case, her initial investment amount is $10,000 and she received $1,000 in dividends, so her rate of return is 10%.

This means that for every dollar Colleen invested, she earned 10 cents in dividends.

It's important to note that the rate of return on an investment can vary based on different factors such as market conditions and the type of investment.

Dividends are a form of passive income that can provide a steady stream of returns, but it's important to weigh the potential risks and rewards before making any investment decisions.

Overall, Colleen's rate of return of 10% is a decent return on her investment, but it's always a good idea to explore different investment options to diversify her portfolio and potentially increase her returns.

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Convenience goods are the inexpensive goods and services that consumers buy frequently with limited consideration and analysis.

These items, typically found in categories such as fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) and everyday essentials, have low prices and are easily accessible.

Convenience goods cater to consumers' basic needs and are bought regularly, such as food, personal care products, and household items.

Since these products are considered low-risk purchases, consumers do not engage in extensive research or comparison shopping before buying them.

The ease of purchasing and widespread availability of convenience goods make them an integral part of consumers' daily lives, and businesses often focus on marketing strategies to increase their visibility and accessibility to maximize sales.

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Its True because Under conservative accounting principles, if the tax treatment of an expenditure is uncertain, it is generally safer to deduct it rather than capitalize it.

This is because capitalizing an expenditure may result in a larger tax liability if the deduction is ultimately disallowed by the tax authorities. if the tax treatment of an expenditure is uncertain, it should be deducted rather than capitalized under conservative accounting principles. This approach ensures that potential tax liabilities are minimized and adheres to the principle of conservatism in accounting.

Deducting the expenditure, on the other hand, may result in a smaller tax liability if the deduction is ultimately allowed.

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The selling concept holds that consumers will not purchase enough of an organization's products unless it undertakes a large selling and promotional effort.

The selling concept is a marketing philosophy that emphasizes heavily on selling and promotional efforts in order to persuade consumers to buy an organization's products. According to this concept, the focus is on aggressively pushing the products to the consumers, rather than trying to understand and meet their needs. This approach assumes that consumers are only interested in purchasing products that are heavily advertised and promoted, and that they will not make purchases unless they are convinced through these efforts. However, in today's marketplace, consumers are more informed and have access to a wide range of products and information, which makes them more discerning in their purchasing decisions. While selling and promotional efforts are still important in marketing, organizations must also consider other factors such as consumer needs and preferences, competitive landscape, and product quality in order to create a successful marketing strategy that will resonate with consumers and drive sales.

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The statement once a taxpayer uses the standard mileage method to determine deduction for automobile expenses for the tax year, must standard mileage method be used in all subsequent years is false.

When a taxpayer chooses to use the standard mileage method for the first year of their automobile's business use, they are not required to use the method for all subsequent years. In fact, they have the option to switch between the standard mileage method and the actual expenses method in later years. However, it is important to note that if a taxpayer starts with the actual expenses method in the first year, they generally cannot switch to the standard mileage method in subsequent years. Always consult a tax professional for personalized advice on this matter.

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The most likely explanation is the literacy rate is higher in Saudi Arabia than in Kuwait.

The proportion of people in a specific age group who are literate is known as the literacy rate. Ages 15 and older are included in the adult literacy rate, 15 to 24 in the adolescent literacy rate, and 65 and older in the elderly literacy rate. It is often assessed based on one's capacity to understand a brief, straightforward statement about daily living.

In general, literacy includes numeracy, and measuring may include a straightforward arithmetic proficiency test. The functional literacy, a more complete measure of literacy tested on a continuous scale in which many competency levels may be established, should be separated from the literacy rate and number of literates.

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The answer to the question is that the two types of adjustments to list or quoted price are discounts and allowances.

It is important to note that discounts refer to a reduction in the list or quoted price that is typically offered as an incentive to encourage customers to purchase a product or service. Allowances, on the other hand, are deductions from the list or quoted price that are made for a variety of reasons, such as to compensate for defects, damage, or other issues that may arise after the sale.

It is also worth mentioning that there are other types of adjustments that may be made to the list or quoted price, such as profit-oriented and marginal adjustments, incremental costs and incremental revenues, and fixed-price and dynamic price adjustments. However, these are typically less common and may be more specific to certain industries or situations.

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An economy of scope is best illustrated by being able to eliminate or reduce costs through combining related value-chain activities of different businesses into a single operation.  So, the correct option is "combining related value-chain activities of different businesses into a single operation."

This approach allows companies to leverage their resources and capabilities more effectively, improving efficiency and reducing overall costs.

In contrast, extending the firm's scope of operations over a wider geographic area, having more value chain activities performed in-house, expanding the size of a company's manufacturing plants, or performing all value chain activities of related sister businesses at the same location do not necessarily illustrate economies of scope.

Instead, these strategies may be more relevant to economies of scale or other cost-saving approaches. Economies of scope specifically focus on the synergistic benefits gained by combining complementary activities across different business lines.

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Apple is an example of a diversified company that operates in multiple industries including hardware, software, services, and retail.

It not only produces popular products such as the iPod and iPad but also designs their components and processors. Apple's ownership of its own retail stores allows it to control its sales channels and enhance the customer experience. Overall, Apple's business model and success can be attributed to its ability to innovate and provide integrated solutions across multiple industries.

In addition to producing the popular iPod and iPad, Apple also helps design the components as well as the processors. It also owns its own retail stores. Apple, therefore, operates in the hardware, software, services, and retail industries. This is an example of diversification, as Apple is involved in multiple market segments and industries to expand its business and reduce risks associated with relying on a single industry.

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The correct answer is B. $550. If he works 50 hours in a particular week, his paycheck should be for $550.

Morris is a nonexempt employee, which means he is entitled to overtime pay for any hours worked over 40 hours in a week. His regular salary is $400 per week based on a 40-hour workweek, which means his regular rate of pay is $10 per hour. For the 10 hours of overtime worked in the particular week, Morris is entitled to time-and-a-half pay, which is $15 per hour. Therefore, his paycheck should be for:

$400 (regular pay for 40 hours) + $150 (overtime pay for 10 hours) = $550.

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