Three moles of an ideal gas are taken around the cycle abc shown in the figure (Figure 1) . For this gas, Cp=29.1 J/(mol?K). Process ac is at constant pressure, process ba is at constant volume, and process cb is adiabatic. The temperatures of the gas in states a, c, and b are Ta=300K, Tc= 492 K, and Tb= 600 K.
Calculate the total work W for the cycle

According to the benefits and drawbacks of each kind of financing listed below, taking out a loan is the most effective strategy for financing Wanda's company's development (e.g. 1 year).

The act of having legal custody and control over anything, whether it be a material item or an intangible one, is known as ownership. Multiple rights that make up ownership, generally known as title, may be distinct and owned by various persons.

The right to use, own, and donate anything is known as ownership. Ownership can refer to physical items like real estate and personal property or it can refer to intangible things like intellectual property rights.

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List these drinks in order of kinetic energy, starting with the drink whose particles have the highest kinetic energy:

hot chocolate > juice > milk > water.

The average kinetic energy of the particles in an object is measured by its temperature. The velocity of these particles likewise increases as the temperature rises.

A thermometer or a calorimeter is used to determine the temperature. In other words, a system's internal energy is determined by its temperature.

Hence, the kinetic energy of molecules is proportional to temperature of the liquid. So, list these drinks in order of kinetic energy:

hot chocolate > juice > milk > water.

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The net force on the block is not zero since the only force acting on it is gravity. The net force on the incline is always zero since no forces are acting on it. The net force on the block-incline system is always zero since the force of gravity and the normal force of the incline are equal and opposite. The momentum of the block is conserved since it is an isolated system, but the momentum of the incline is not conserved since it is not an isolated system. The momentum of the block-incline system is conserved since no external forces are acting on it.

i. No, the net force on the block is not always zero. Since the block is at rest and the incline is frictionless, the only force acting on the block is gravity, so the net force on the block is not zero.

ii. Yes, the net force on the incline is always zero. Since the incline is not moving and is fixed in place on the table, there are no forces acting on the incline, so the net force on the incline is zero.

iii. Yes, the net force on the block-incline system is always zero. As the block slides down the incline, the force of gravity acts on the block and the normal force of the incline acts on the block. These two forces are equal and opposite, so the net force on the system is zero.

iv. Yes, the momentum of the block is conserved. Momentum is conserved in an isolated system, and the block is an isolated system since no external forces are acting on it.

v. No, the momentum of the incline is not conserved. The incline is not an isolated system since the force of gravity is acting on it. Therefore, the momentum of the incline is not conserved.

vi. Yes, the momentum of the block-incline system is conserved. Since no external forces are acting on the system, the total momentum of the system is conserved.

The net force on the block is not zero since the only force acting on it is gravity. The net force on the incline is always zero since no forces are acting on it. The net force on the block-incline system is always zero since the force of gravity and the normal force of the incline are equal and opposite. The momentum of the block is conserved since it is an isolated system, but the momentum of the incline is not conserved since it is not an isolated system. The momentum of the block-incline system is conserved since no external forces are acting on it.

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The force exerted on the piston is  F = 6.11 × 10³N.

The force delivered perpendicularly to an object's surface per unit area across which that force is dispersed is known as pressure. In comparison to the surrounding pressure, gauge pressure is the pressure. The force that an object, fluid, etc., in contact with a surface exerts onto it is measured in a variety of units, such as the pressure of earth against a wall. Physics. force per square inch. pressure express

Given,

diameter = 16cm

= 0.16m

Pressure = 3 atm = 3 × 1.013 × 10⁵ Pa

= 3.039 × 10⁵ Pa

a) F = PA

⇒ F = P πr²

⇒ F = Pπ (d/2)²

⇒ F = 3.039 × 10⁵ Pa × 3.14 × (0.16/2)²

⇒ F = 6.11 × 10³N

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Answer of all the questions about boyle's Law is given below.

Boyle's Law is an important gas law named after Robert Boyle, an Irish physicist and chemist. It states that the pressure and volume of a gas are inversely proportional. This means that when the pressure of a gas increases, its volume decreases, and vice versa. This law is applicable to many real-life situations, such as the effect of altitude on atmospheric pressure and the behavior of gases in a closed system.

(a) The rate of change of volume with respect to pressure can be calculated using the derivative of Boyle's Law. The equation is dV/dP = -C/P2, where C is the constant of the equation.

(b) The volume of the gas is decreasing more rapidly at the beginning of the 10 minutes, as the pressure is much lower. As the pressure increases, the rate of decrease for the volume will become slower, as the pressure and volume are inversely related.

(c) To prove that the isothermal compressibility is given by B=1/P, we can start with the definition of isothermal compressibility: B=–dV/dP(V,T). Using Boyle's Law and the derivative of Boyle's Law, we can substitute the equation to get B=–(C/P2). Rearranging the equation, we get B=1/P. Therefore, the isothermal compressibility is given by B=1/P.

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The answer is 6×10⁴ N/C. In the absence of matter, the energy density in a magnetic field is given by 1/2B2/0; it is expressed in joules per cubic meter.

By integrating the energy density across all of space, one may determine the entire amount of magnetic energy. We interpret uB = B2/(20) as the energy density of the magnetic field, or the amount of energy per unit volume. The amount of energy held in the coil's volume is equal to the amount of energy per unit volume held in the magnetic field multiplied by the coil's volume.

Given: B=(200T) sin [(4.010 1] gives the magnetic field in a plane electromagnetic wave.

5s (t−x/c)].

to determine the largest electric field possible and the average energy density that corresponds to the electric field.

Maximum magnetic field value: B 0 = 200 T 200* 10⁶

An electromagnetic wave travels at c speed.

Therefore, the electric field's greatest value is E 0 = cB 0.

​⟹E \s0 \s​ \s

=200×10⁻⁶ \s ×3×10⁸

⟹E \s0 \s​ \s

=6×10⁴ N/C

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If x and t represent distance and time, respectively, the C in x = (1/2)×C×t² must have the dimensions L/T²

The relationship between time (t) and distance (x) is expressed in the form x = (1/2)×C×t² in the equation x = (1/2)Ct². As a result, the constant C must have the dimensions L/T² or length divided by time squared.

This is due to the fact that the constant C must have dimensions of L/T² in order for the equation to be dimensionally balanced and for x to have the dimensions of distance (L) and t to have the dimensions of time (T).

This is so that the equation, which must have the units of L/T², the units of acceleration, can express the position of a particle traveling in a straight line with a constant acceleration, where C is the constant acceleration.

This is how the equation was analyzed in terms of dimensions. It is a means to check whether the equation is mathematically consistent.

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The ΔH of sublimation of I2(s) is, ΔHsublimation is -366.3 kJ/mol.

To calculate the ΔH of sublimation of I2(s) we can use the following equation: ΔHsublimation = ΔHf (I2(s)) - ΔHf (I2(g))

We can use the information provided in the question to determine ΔHf (I2(s)) and ΔHf (I2(g)):

ΔHf (I2(s)) = -328 kJ/mol (ΔH∘f of TiI3(s)) + 2(-295.5 kJ/mol) (ΔHf of Ti(s))

ΔHf (I2(g)) = ΔHf (TiI3(s)) - 2 ΔHf (Ti(s)) - 3 ΔHf (I2(g))

The ΔHf of I2(g) is not given, so we can use the second equation to find it

-328 kJ/mol = -839 kJ/mol - 2(-295.5 kJ/mol) - 3 ΔHf (I2(g))

3 ΔHf (I2(g)) = -328 kJ/mol + 839 kJ/mol + 2(295.5 kJ/mol) = 212.5 kJ/mol

ΔHf (I2(g)) = 212.5 kJ/mol / 3 = 70.8 kJ/mol

Finally, the ΔH of sublimation of I2(s) is ΔHsublimation = -295.5 kJ/mol - 70.8 kJ/mol = -366.3 kJ/mol

Enthalpy of sublimation (ΔHsublimation):

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The orbits of stars at the galactic center provide the most accurate measurements of the black hole's mass.

The correct option is A.

The rotating and barycenter of the Milky Way galaxy is known as the Galactic Center or Galaxies Centre. Sagittarius A*, an compact radio source that lies almost perfectly in the galactic rotational center, is the galaxy's core massive object and is a supermassive black hole with a mass of roughly 4 million solar masses.

The Milky Way's Orion Arm, which is around two-thirds of the galaxy's distance from the galaxy's core, is where Earth is situated. The Solar System, which consists of eight planets, in addition to numerous comets, asteroids, and dwarf planets, is what we are a part of here.

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Option D is the correct answer. Virtual and reduced image is formed by the lenses of the glasses worn by a 68-year-old male who sees an object 2m away.

negative focal length = DIVERGING lenses thus it must always be virtual and reduced

Positive focal length = converging lens

Virtual images can be either upright or inverted. Virtual images can be magnified in size, reduced in size, or the same size as the object.

A pair of looking glasses is an optical instrument that helps a person with defective eyes to see an object as if it was being viewed with normal vision.

When a person is far-sighted, the looking glasses should have converging lenses. When a person is near-sighted, he or she should wear a pair of looking glasses fitted with diverging lenses.

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The average acceleration of the bus is −6.00 m/s².

a = ? ; Δt = 1.50 s ; v1 = 9.00 m/s ; v2 = 0.00m/s

The formula to use in this case is the definition of acceleration stating that the acceleration a = Δv / Δt or a = (v2- v1) / Δt where v2 is the final velocity and v1 is the initial velocity.

Solving for the acceleration a

a = (v2- v1) / Δt

a = (0 - 9.00 m/s) / 1.50 s

a = - 9.00 m/s / 1.50 s

a = −6.00 m/s^2

The average acceleration of the bus is −6.00 m/s^2.

The complete question is,
When a bus comes to a sudden stop to avoid hitting a dog, it slows from 9.00 m/s to 0.00m/s in 1.50 seconds. What is the average acceleration of the bus?

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The factor that would shift the supply curve of the icecream to the right is D) Both A and C.

The ice cream freezer must aerate and freeze the mixture to create the ice cream's characteristic texture. Most commercial ice cream freezers work in a similar fashion. The mixture is pumped into a metal drum surrounded by a very cold refrigerant. This is one of the new technology for icecream. At the same time, a stream of air is introduced into the barrel. Taste variation and consumer convenience are the main factors behind the global demand for frozen dessert products. Additionally, increasing disposable income and the introduction of various products into the dessert category to cater to the choices of many consumer groups are driving the ice cream market.

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The rate at which points C and D are spreading apart from each other is 10 cm / year

The magnetic stripes on the ocean floor are created by reversals of the Earth's magnetic field during the continuous formation of ocean crust at the ridge.

Mathematically, the formula for the speed of two points on the magnetic stripe is given as;

V = L / T

where;

The rate at which points C and D are spreading apart from each other is calculated as follows;

V = ( 30,000,000 cm ) / ( 3,000, 000 years )

V = 10 cm/y

Thus, the rate at which points C and D are spreading apart from each other is a function of the distance between points C and D, and the total time between the two points.

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A. The reaction given is PbCO3(s) ⇌ PbO(s) + CO2(g) which is at equilibrium at 410 ∘C.

The equilibrium constant (Kp) for this reaction at that temperature can be found using the data in Appendix C of the textbook.

The value of Kp at 410 ∘C is 1.0 x 10^-5.

To calculate the equilibrium pressure of CO2 in the system at 410 ∘C, we use the following equation:

Kp = [CO2]^(coefficient of CO2 in the balanced equation)

[PbO][CO2]^1 = 1.0 x 10^-5

Since the coefficient of CO2 in the balanced equation is 1, we can substitute the value of Kp into the equation as:

[CO2] = √(Kp) = √(1.0 x 10^-5) = 1.0 x 10^-2.5 = 3.162 x 10^-3

The equilibrium pressure of CO2 in the system at 410 ∘C is 3.162 x 10^-3 atm.

B. For equilibrium pressure of CO2 in the system at 240 ∘C, we can use the Kp value at that temperature which is 1.5 x 10^-7 from the Appendix C.

[CO2] = √(Kp) = √(1.5 x 10^-7) = 1.5 x 10^-3.5 = 2.121 x 10^-4

The equilibrium pressure of CO2 in the system at 240 ∘C is 2.121 x 10^-4 atm.

It should be noted that the values of Kp, pressure and temperature are interrelated in the equilibrium constant equation.

As the temperature decreases, the pressure of CO2 decreases as well.

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The value of resistor R in the circuit shown in the figure is 19.7 ohm.

A two-terminal passive electrical component used in electrical circuits to limit or regulate the flow of current. A resistor's primary function is to lower the voltage and reduce current flow in a specific area of the circuit.

current I = 0.92 A

The voltage V=> IR

                  V=> 0.92 x 10 = 9.2V (from figure)

current around resistor R = 2 - (0.92 + (9.2/15)) (from figure)

the resistor R = V/I

                     = 9.2 / 0.467 = 19.7 ohm.

The term "electric current" describes both the direction and volume of electricity flowing across a circuit in an electrical device. Amperes are used to measure it (A).

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The mechanical advantage of an inclined plane increases with the length of the ramp, where we assume the height is constant. So, the correct option is D.

Mechanical advantage is defined as the measure of force amplification achieved using a device, mechanical device, or machine system, where the device offsets input forces against movement to achieve a desired amplification in output force.

There are three types of mechanical advantage:

In the above given information, graph D has lowest inclined plane as compare to other graphs, so it has smallest mechanical advantage.

Therefore, the correct option is D.

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The fraction of the radioactive nuclei that would remain after 80 days is  1/16.

The faction of the original radioactive nuclei that would remain after 80 days is calculated as follows;

0 day --------------------> N

20 days ----------------> N/2

40 days -----------------> N/4

60 days ------------------> N/8

80 days ------------------> N/16

Thus, the fraction of the radioactive nuclei that would remain after 80 days is a function of the half life and the initial mass of the nuclei.

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The right response is 1.01105 Pascal. At sea level, the standard pressure is 1013.25 millibars (mb) and hectopascals (hPa). With height, fewer molecules are present in the atmosphere.

Other units of measurement that are equivalent to the atmospheric pressure at sea level include 760 mm-Hg (or 760 torr), 29.92 in-Hg, 1.01325 bar, 14.696 psi, and 1013.25 millibars. The definition of normal sea-level pressure is 760 mm (29.92 inches) of mercury, 14.70 pounds per square inch, 1,013.25 millibars, one standard atmosphere, or 101.325 kilopascals. The Earth's mean sea-level atmospheric pressure is roughly equivalent to one atm, or one atmosphere, and is measured in the atm unit.

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Answer:

9.9 m/s

Explanation:

All of the PE  (mgh) will be cnverted to KE ( 1/2 m v^2)

mgh = 1/2 m v^2

gh = 1/2 v^2

v = sqrt (2 gh)         Note that the mass of the book is not needed !

v = sqrt ( 2 * 9.81 m/s^2 * 5) = 9.9 m/s

The work done by the spring as the block moves from x = 0.5 m to x = 0.1 m is negative and equal in absolute value to the area under the graph bounded by the x-axis and the line connecting x = 0.5 m and x = 0.1 m. The value of F0 required for the work done by the rope to be equal to the work done by the spring is equal to -50 N.

a. During the interval of the block moving from x = 0.5 m to x = 0.1 m, the work done on the block by the spring is negative and equal in absolute value to the area under the graph bounded by the x-axis and the line connecting x = 0.5 m and x = 0.1 m. This area is shaded in the graph.

b. The value of F0 required for the work done by the rope to be equal to the work done by the spring is equal to the average force exerted on the block by the spring during the interval. This can be found by calculating the average of the force values at the two positions, which is equal to the average of the y-values of the graph at x = 0.5 m and x = 0.1 m. This results in F0 = -50 N.

The work done by the spring as the block moves from x = 0.5 m to x = 0.1 m is negative and equal in absolute value to the area under the graph bounded by the x-axis and the line connecting x = 0.5 m and x = 0.1 m. The value of F0 required for the work done by the rope to be equal to the work done by the spring is equal to -50 N.

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20.75g - 4 significant figures (The decimal point is included in the count, so the number of significant figures is the number of digits to the right of the decimal point plus one.)

Significant figures are the digits in a number that are meaningful in terms of accuracy or precision. They are used to express the degree of precision of a measurement. Significant figures are important in scientific calculations because they indicate the precision of the measurement. For example, if a measurement is reported as 5.00, this indicates that the measurement is accurate to two decimal places. Significant figures are also used to express the precision of a calculation. For example, if a calculation is reported as 5.00, this indicates that the calculation is accurate to two decimal places.

3400ml - 4 significant figures (The decimal point is not included in the count, so the number of significant figures is the number of digits in the number.)
9.100g - 5 significant figures (The decimal point is included in the count, so the number of significant figures is the number of digits to the right of the decimal point plus one.)

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At a spot where the film thickness is 932.5 nm,  [tex]$\lambda_1$[/tex] wavelength is missing in the transmitted light.

Wavelength  [tex]$\lambda_3{ }^{\prime}=1417.4 \mathrm{~nm}$[/tex] is strongest in transmitted light.

Index of refraction of soap film n = 0.90. The film is viewed in transmitted light.

(a) Film thickness at a spot = 932.5 nm = t

For destructive interference, we have m= order of wavelength.

n t=m [tex]$\frac{\lambda}{2}[/tex] [tex]\Rightarrow \lambda=\frac{2 n t}{m}$[/tex] where m = 1,2,3 . . .

Therefore the wavelengths that are not reflected or missing in the transmitted light satisfy

[tex]& \lambda_m=\frac{2 n t}{m} \\[/tex]

[tex]& \lambda_1=\frac{2 \times(1.90) \times\left(932.5 \times 10^{-9}\right)}{1}[/tex]

[tex]& \lambda_1=3543.5 \times 10^{-9} \mathrm{~nm} \\[/tex]

[tex]& \lambda_2=\frac{2 \times(1.90) \times\left(932.5 \times 10^{-9}\right)}{2} \\[/tex]

[tex]& \lambda_2=1771.75 \times 10^{-9}\mathrm{~nm} \\[/tex]

[tex]& \lambda_3=\frac{2 \times(1.90) \times\left(932.5 \times 10^{-9}\right)}{3} \\[/tex]

[tex]& \lambda_3=1181.1\times 10^{-9} \mathrm{~nm}[/tex]

The wavelengths [tex]$\lambda_1[/tex], [tex]\lambda_2$[/tex], and [tex]$\lambda_3$[/tex] are close to the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum for which the destructive interference occurs,

The wavelength of visible light is in the range of 380 nm to 750 nm. So the wavelength [tex]$\lambda_1$[/tex] which falls in the infrared region is invisible [tex]$\lambda_2$[/tex] represents orange and [tex]$\lambda_3$[/tex] represents violet.

The only non-reflected colors are orange [tex]( $\left.\lambda_2\right)$[/tex] and [tex]$\lambda_3$[/tex] (violet).

(b) Wavelength's strongest in transmitted light

For constructive interference, we have

[tex]n t=\frac{\left(m+\frac{1}{2}\right)}{(\lambda / 2)}[/tex]

The wavelengths which are strongly reflected satisfy the condition

[tex]& \lambda_m^{\prime}=\frac{2 n t}{\left(m+\frac{1}{2}\right)}[/tex] where m = 0, 1, 2, 3 . . .

[tex]& \lambda_1^{\prime}=\frac{(2) \times(1.90)\left(932.5 \times 10^{-9}\right)}{\left(0+\frac{1}{2}\right)} \\[/tex]

[tex]&=\frac{1137.65}{0.5} \\[/tex]

[tex]& \lambda_1^{\prime}=7087 \times 10^{-9}\mathrm{~nm} \\[/tex]

[tex]& \lambda_2^{\prime}=\frac{(2) \times(1.90)\left(932.5 \times 10^{-9}\right)}{\left(1+\frac{1}{2}\right)} \\[/tex]

[tex]&=\frac{1137.65}{1.5} \\[/tex]

[tex]& \lambda_2^{\prime}=2362.3 \times 10^{-9}\mathrm{~nm} \\[/tex]

[tex]& \lambda_3^{\prime}=\frac{(2) \times(1.90)\left(932.5 \times 10^{-9}\right)}{\left(2+\frac{1}{2}\right)} \\[/tex]

[tex]&=\frac{1137.65}{2.5} \\[/tex]

[tex]& \lambda_3^{\prime}=1417.4 \times 10^{-9}\mathrm{~nm}[/tex]

According to the visible spectrum, the wavelength range is 380 nm to 750 nm. In the above case only [tex]$\lambda_3^{\prime}=1417.4 \mathrm{~nm}$[/tex] is visible which is blue. So only blue is non-reflective color. The other two wavelengths have transmitted light which is in the infrared region. [tex]\left(\lambda_{+}^{\prime}\right.$[/tex] and [tex]$\left.\lambda_2^{\prime}\right)$[/tex]

The only strong reflection occurs at [tex]$\lambda_3{ }^{\prime}=1417.4 \mathrm{~nm}$[/tex] which corresponds to the blue region.

Therefore the soap film possesses a pronounced blue color.

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A soap film has an index of refraction n = 1.90. The film is viewed in transmitted light.

(a) At a spot where the film thickness is 932.5 nm, which wavelengths are missing in the transmitted light?

(b) Which wavelengths are strongest in transmitted light?

The rock was thrown upward with an initial velocity and it's displacement after one second is 19.5 m.

According to Newton's second law, an object's acceleration is determined by its mass and the net force that is acting on it. The body's acceleration is inversely related to its mass and directly proportional to the net force acting on it.

The displacement-time relation,

X(t) - x = vt -1/2 gt^2

X(t) = Position of object after time t

x = Initial position of object

v = Initial velocity = 24.5 m/s

g = Acceleration due to gravity = - 10.0 m/s2 (Downward)

t = time = 1 s

The displacement of rock after 1 s => X(t) - x => (24.5 x 1) - 1/2 ( 10 x 1 x 1)

                                                               => 19.5 m

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The dB = 0/4 Idl r/r2 for a conductor segment of length and orientation dl carrying a current i. According to Biot-Savart law, the magnetic field generated by a minute current

The sine of the angle formed by the current's direction and the line connecting it to a point, and it is also inversely proportional to the square of the current. According to the Biot-Savart law, "the magnetic field due to a current-carrying conductor at a distance point is directly proportional

The Biot-Savart law expresses the partial B field contribution of a current in a conductor from a tiny conductor segment. dB = 0/4 Idl r/r2 for a conductor segment of length and orientation dl carrying a current i.

The complete question is-  Express the magnitude of the magnetic force in terms of the current Z length L and the Part (c) Given the fact that the Wire is floating at rest; derive magnctic ficld B an expression tOr Part (d) Calculate the numerical value of B in tesla .

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Newton’s first law explains why roller coasters option C. need constant pulling to stay moving.

Newton's first law states that an object at rest will remain at rest and an object in motion will remain in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless it is acted upon by an external force.

Therefore, for a roller coasters to keep moving there should be a constant pulling to stay moving. It could be concluded that the correct answer is as given above.

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The y component of the velocity for the segment BC in the bacterium's trajectory is 8.7 μm/s, calculated by using the equation UBCy = UBCcos(θ).

The y component of the velocity for the segment BC in the bacterium's trajectory can be calculated by using the following equation:

UBCy = UBCcos(θ)

Where UBC is the magnitude of the velocity of the segment BC and θ is the angle of the segment BC.

In this problem, UBC is 10 μm/s and θ is 40°.

Therefore, the y component of the velocity for the segment BC in the bacterium's trajectory is 8.7 μm/s.

The y component of the velocity for the segment BC in the bacterium's trajectory is 8.7 μm/s, calculated by using the equation UBCy = UBCcos(θ).

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You need to survive from extreme cold and extreme hot temperature, low air pressure with difficulty in breathing and no medium of sound travel, when you are in  thermosphere.

All life on Earth is shielded by the atmosphere, which is made up of gases that regulate temperature and reflect harmful solar rays. It shields living things from the sun's harmful rays.

From 80 to 400 km are in the thermosphere r above the mesopause. The earth's radio waves are reflected by this stratum. In this layer, as you ascend, the temperature begins to increase once more.

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Suppose a camera's exposure is correct when the lens has a focal length of 8.0 mm. The picture will be underexposed if the focal length is "zoomed" to 16.0 mm without changing the diameter of the lens aperture.

What does Focal length means?

Focal length is a measurement of a lens that determines how much of a scene is captured in the image. It is measured in millimeters and is calculated by the distance between the lens and the image sensor when the subject is in focus. The shorter the focal length, the wider the angle of view and the more of the scene that is captured.

What is lens aperture?

Lens aperture is the physical size of the opening in a lens that controls the amount of light that passes through the lens to the image sensor. Aperture is usually expressed in terms of f-numbers; the lower the f-number, the wider the aperture and the more light that is allowed to pass through the lens.The size of the aperture also affects the depth of field of an image, which is the range of distances within which objects appear to be in focus. A wider aperture (lower f-number) results in a shallow depth of field, while a narrower aperture (higher f-number) results in a greater depth of field.

Therfore the correct option is b. underexposed.

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