Answer:
An increase in the percentage of deposits that bank must keep on hand- RESERVE REQUIREMENT
2. An increase in the interest rate that a central bank charges commercial banks for loans - DISCOUNT RATE
Open Market Operations - A central bank purchasing existing bonds.
1 and 4 are not instances of monetary policy
Explanation:
Monetary policy are policies taken by the central bank of a country to shift aggregate demand.
Tools of monetary policy
1. Open market operations : government can either sell bonds to the public, this is known as open market sales. this is an example of an contractionary policy or it can buy bonds from the public. this is known as open market purchase. it is an expansionary policy
2. Reserve Requirement : Reserves are the proportion of deposits required by the central bank that banks keep
If reserve requirement is increased, it is an example of a contractionary policy. If on the other hand, it is reduced, it is an example of an expansionary policy.
3. Discount rate : this is the rate at which the central bank lends to commercial banks. An increase in discount rate is a contractionary policy while an decrease in discount rate is an expansionary policy
There are two types of monetary policy :
Expansionary monetary policy : these are polices taken in order to increase money supply. When money supply increases, aggregate demand increases. reducing interest rate and open market purchase are ways of carrying out expansionary monetary policy
Contractionary monetary policy : these are policies taken to reduce money supply. When money supply decreases, aggregate demand falls. Increasing interest rate and open market sales are ways of carrying out contractionary monetary policy
Goals of monetary policy include
• financial market stability
• economic growth
• high employment
• price stability
Assume BarnesandNoble.com has 289 business math texts in inventory. During one month, the online bookstore ordered and received 1,855 texts; it also sold 1,222 on the web. What is the bookstore’s inventory at the end of the month? If each text costs $59, what is the end-of-month inventory cost?
Answer:
I don't wanna assume I'm just answering for them points
Beth owns a corporate office park in Ohio. Her ownership rights include the right to sell or give away the property without restriction, as well as the right to commit waste, if she chooses. Beth's ownership interest is:
Answer:
Fee Simple Absolute
Explanation:
The 6 types of modern freehold estates, distinguished by duration includes;
1. Fee simple absolute
2. Life estate
3. Fee tail
4. Fee simple determinable
5. Fee simple subject to a condition subsequent
6. Fee simple subject to an executory limitation
And also
The types of Fee Simple includes
A) Fee Simple Absolute
B) Defeasible Fees
Fee Simple Absolute
This is regarded as an absolute ownership. It is a never ending period of time with no hindrance or limitations on its inheritability. it also cannot be ended or shuffled on the happening of any event. It is also regarded as the right to possess now, even until the end of time.
Its characteristics includes:
1. The holder has all the rights or entitlement.
2. The duration is never ending that is, the interest is absolute because the interest will not end on the occurrence of an event or condition
3. There is no future interest that follows it
3. The owner has the right of possession, alienation, and exclusion
And others.
Which answer does not describe the benefits to the industry-wide practice of localization?
a) It is only used in the game industry
b) It creates wide audience appeal
c) It is time-saving
d) It is cost-effective
Answer:
a) It is only used in the game industry
Explanation:
The statement that does not describe the benefits to the industry-wide practice of localization is that "It is only used in the game industry."
This because Localization in business or industry practice is a means or process of modifying a product or service to fulfill the needs of a specific area or locality in terms of language, culture, or targeted population's perceptions.
Hence, it doesn't apply to the GAME INDUSTRY alone but rather to every industry.
Also, there are lots of advantages of Localization of products, which includes wide acceptance across the targeted audience, time-saving, as it focuses on a particular region, and cost-effective as the target population can be easily satisfied compared to satisfy global market all in one product make up style.
Economic growth and public policy
Suppose an American buys stock issued by an Argentinian corporation. The Argentinian firm uses the proceeds from the sale to build a new office complex. This is an example of foreign investment in Argentina. Which of the following policies are consistent with the goal of increasing productivity and growth in developing countries?
a. Provide tax breaks and patents for firms that pursue research and development in health and sciences.
b. Give families cash payments on the condition that their children show up for school and medical exams.
c. Increase taxes on income from savings.
d. Protect property rights and enforce contracts.
Answer:
a. Foreign Portfolio Investment
b. a. Provide tax breaks and patents for firms that pursue research and development in health and sciences.
d. Protect property rights and enforce contracts.
Explanation:
This is an example of Foreign Portfolio Investment (FPI). Foreign portfolio investment is when an entity from a foreign country invests in another country by buying the shares of a company in the local country. The American company bought shares in Argentina so the qualifies as FPI.
To increase productivity companies that are pursuing research should be given patents and tax breaks. The tax breaks will enable them have more money to reinvest into the research and the patent will provide incentive to them to continue the research knowing full well that they will be compensated by being the only ones to be able to use the technology invented for some time.
Also protecting property rights and enforcing contracts encourages investment in a country because people will be more trusting of making a return from business dealings. Higher investment leads to more productivity and growth.
The evolution of the marketing concept can be explained best by the shift from a seller's market in which demand exceeds supply to a buyer's market in which supply exceeds demand.
a. True
b. False
Answer: True
Explanation:
The evolution of marketing implies the gradual development with regards to marketing over the years. It is explained as the shift from a seller's market where demand is more than the supply to a buyer's market where the supply is more than the demand.
There are three main stages with regards to the evolution of marketing and these are production concept, selling concept and the marketing concept.
Identify whether the situations described below are example of uneven cash flows or annuity payments.
a. You recently moved to a new apartment and signed a contract to pay monthly rent to your landlord for a year.
b. SOE Corp. hires an average of 10 people every year and matches the contribution of each employee toward his or her retirement fund.
c. Franklinia Venture Capital (FVC) invested in a budding entrepreneur’s restaurant. The restaurant owner promises to pay FVC 10% of the profit each month for the next 10 years.
d. You have committed to deposit $600 in a fixed interest–bearing account every quarter for four years.
Solution :
The Uneven cash flow is defined as the series of unequal payments which is done over a period of time. Whereas if a regular amount is to be made in a fixed period of time, that such payments are known as equal cash flows.
An annuity payments refers to the payment that is made at equal interval of times. It pays a fixed amount of payments for an individual.
In the given situations,
a). Monthly rents payment is annuity payments.
b). Uneven cash flow
c). Uneven cash flow
d). Annuity
Park uses a perpetual inventory system. Determine the cost assigned to ending inventory and to cost of goods
sold using (a) specific identification, (b) weighted average, (c) FIFO, and (d) LIFO. (Round per unit costs to
three decimals, but inventory balances to the dollar.) For specific identification, ending inventory consists of
225 units, where 90 are from the March 30 purchase, 80 are from the March 20 purchase, and 55 are from
beginning inventory.
Answer:
below
Explanation:
The price attributed to final inventory and cost of goods sold is specific identification.
Explain about the specific identification?The method of precise identification concerns inventory valuation, specifically keeping track of each individual stock item and allocating costs per item rather than collectively. A company is functional and usable when it can identify, mark, and keep track of each item or unit in its inventory.
To track individual inventory items, the specific identification method is used. When individual items can be clearly identified, such as when they have a serial number, stamped receipt date, bar code, or RFID tag, this method is appropriate.
Employed by businesses like furniture shops, car dealerships, jewellery shops, and art galleries, among others. The main characteristic that sets the specific identification method apart from LIFO and FIFO techniques is individual tracking.
To learn more about specific identification refer to:
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As compared to a traditional income statement format, an income statement organized by cost behavior does not include:As compared to a traditional income statement format, an income statement organized by cost behavior does not include:
Complete Question:
As compared to a traditional income statement format, an income statement organized by cost behavior does not include:
a contribution margin.
b cost of goods sold.
c operating income.
d revenues
Answer:
As compared to a traditional income statement format, an income statement organized by cost behavior does not include:
b cost of goods sold.
Explanation:
Cost behavior describes the classification of costs into four main patterns because of the way they respond to changing activity levels. The four basic cost behavior patterns are fixed, variable, mixed (semi-variable), and step. These cost behavior patterns remain valid within the relevant production and sales range or activity level or volume.
On August 19, 2019, Portland Corporation repurchases 1,400 shares of its outstanding common stock for $9 per share. On October 31, 2019, Portland sells 600 shares of treasury stock for $13 per share. Any additional sales of treasury stock during the year were sold for $4 per share. On December 31, 2019, Portland had no remaining treasury stock.
Required:
Prepare the necessary journal entries to record any transactions associated with treasury stock.
Answer:
Portland Corporation
Journal Entries:
August 19, 2019:
Debit Treasury Stock $12,600
Credit Cash $12,600
To record the purchase of 1,400 shares of treasury stock for $9 per share.
October 31, 2019:
Debit Cash $7,800
Credit Treasury Stock $7,800
To record the resale of 600 shares of treasury stock for $13 per share.
December 31, 2019:
Debit Cash $3,200
Credit Treasury Stock $3,200
To record the resale of 800 shares of treasury stock for $4 per share.
December 31, 2019:
Debit Additional Paid-in Capital $1,600
Credit Treasury Stock $1,600
To record the loss incurred in the sale of treasury stock.
Explanation:
a) Data and Analysis:
August 19, 2019: Treasury Stock $12,600 Cash $12,600
October 31, 2019: Cash $7,800 Treasury Stock $7,800
December 31, 2019: Cash $3,200 Treasury Stock $3,200
December 31, 2019: Additional Paid-in Capital $1,600 Treasury Stock $1,600
When a journal entry is made in a standard cost system to record the liability for direct manufacturing labor costs, the difference between the debits to the work in process accounts and the credits to the payroll payable is:___________a. only the price variance.b. only the efficiency variance.c. the difference between the actual costs incurred and the budgeted costs.d. the price and the efficiency labor variances.
Answer:
When a journal entry is made in a standard cost system to record the liability for direct manufacturing labor costs, the difference between the debits to the work in process accounts and the credits to the payroll payable is:___________
the price and the efficiency labor variances.
Explanation:
The total direct labor cost variance is the difference between the standard cost for actual production and the actual cost in production. It is divided into two main variances. They are the Labor Rate (price) Variance and the Labor Efficiency Variance. Using standard cost system, the cost debited to the work in process account is based on standard cost, while the corresponding credit entry in the payroll payable is based on the actual cost. The labor variance is, therefore, the price and efficiency labor variances.
Burns Corporation's net income last year was $99,200. Changes in the company's balance sheet accounts for the year appear below: Increases (Decreases) Asset and Contra-Asset Accounts: Cash and cash equivalents $ 21,900 Accounts receivable $ 13,500 Inventory $ (16,800 ) Prepaid expenses $ 4,100 Long-term investments $ 10,200 Property, plant, and equipment $ 77,000 Accumulated depreciation $ 33,200 Liability and Equity Accounts: Accounts payable $ (19,600 ) Accrued liabilities $ 16,800 Income taxes payable $ 4,200 Bonds payable $ (61,200 ) Common stock $ 41,600 Retained earnings $ 94,900 The company did not dispose of any property, plant, and equipment, sell any long-term investments, issue any bonds payable, or repurchase any of its own common stock during the year. The company declared and paid a cash dividend of $4,300. Required: a. Prepare the operating activities section of the company's statement of cash flows for the year. (Use the indirect method.) b. Prepare the investing activities section of the company's statement of cash flows for the year. c. Prepare the financing activities section of the company's statement of cash flows for the year.
Answer and Explanation:
The preparation of the each section of the cash flow statement is presented below:
a.
Cash flow from operating activities
Net Income $99,200
Adjustments made
Adjustment for non cash effects
Depreciation $33,200
Change in operating assets & liabilities
Increase in accounts receivable -$13,500
Decrease in inventories $16,800
Increase in prepaid expenses -$4,100
Decrease in accounts payable -$19,600
Increase in accrued liabilities $16,800
Increase in income tax payable $4,200
Net cash flow from operating activities (a) $133,000
b.
Cash Flow from Investing activities
Equipment purchased -$77,000
Long term investments purchased -$10,200
Net cash Flow from Investing activities (b) -$87,200
c
Cash Flow from Financing activities
Cash dividends -$4,300
Issuance of the Common stock $41,600
Bonds paid $-61,200
Net cash Flow from Financing activities (c) -$23,900
You are planning to make monthly deposits of $90 into a retirement account that pays 10 percent interest compounded monthly. If your first deposit will be made one month from now, how large will your retirement account be in 19 years?
Answer:
$71,644.27
Explanation:
Future value of the deposit in 19 years = Monthly deposit * [(1 + interest rate/12)^12*No. of years - 1] / (interest rate/12
= $90 * [(1 + 10%/12)^12*19 - 1] / (10%/12)
= $90 * [6.63346333924 - 1] / 0.008333
= $90 * 6.63346333924/0.008333
= $90 * 796.0474
= $71644.269835
= $71,644.27
Your company has an average inventory of $70 million. Annual cost of goods sold (COGS) is $280 million. Profit in the most recent year was $140 million. What are annual inventory turns for your company
Answer:
the annual inventory turns for your company is 4 times
Explanation:
The computation of the annual inventory turns is shown below:
= Annual cost of goods sold ÷ average inventory
= $280 million ÷ $70 million
= 4 times
Hence, the annual inventory turns for your company is 4 times
Therefore the above formula should be applied and the same should be used
This tutorial comprises of two sections. Answer all the questions.
Section A
1. Marketing Sciences Ltd specialize in carrying out product trials for the companies such as Tesco, GlaxoSmithKline and Vodafone.
a) Business carries out product trials on new products in order to
A) Guarantee sales levels
B) Assess levels of demand
C) Achieve economy of sales
D) Collect secondary research
Answer:
b) Explain why this answer correct?
Answer:
a)
D) Collect secondary research
b) By testing products, a company can collect more information for statistics and parts of each product.
The direct write-off method: multiple choice follows the expense recognition (matching) principle. Is not permitted under GAAP. is permitted if results are similar to the allowance method. Is permitted if results are not similar to the allowance method.
Answer: is permitted if results are similar to the allowance method
Explanation:
The direct write-off method is refered to as an accounting method whereby the uncollectible accounts receivable are being written off as bad debt. Here, the bad debts expense account will be debited while the accounts receivable will be credited.
The direct write-off method is permitted if results are similar to the allowance method. For the allowance method, it should be noted that an estimation of the bad debt future amount will be charged to the reserve account once the sale takes place.
When there is a capacity constraint :_________
A. firms are not maximizing their profits during high season.
B. consumers will avoid the producer and go with a firm that has extra capacity.
C. firms face sunk costs when deciding whether or not to expand.
D. firms can use peakload pricing to increase profits during periods of high demand.
Answer:
The answer is "Option D".
Explanation:
Capacity restrictions are indeed a regulation that restricts the number of items that a supplier could be assigned. Trade could be allocated to a leading provider through the constraint, or the amount of trade can be restricted for a supplier, therefore companies having resource constraints may employ peak price and increase revenue during peak times.
g A(n. ________ determines which areas of a firm's operations represent strengths or weaknesses (currently or potentially. compared to competitors. A. transactional analysis B. internal analysis C. structural analysis D. break-even analysis
Answer:
B. internal analysis
Explanation:
An internal analysis is the detailed examination with respect to the internal components of the company. It can be tangible or intangible like assets, process, etc. It helps to make the decision in an accurate manner also it identify the areas in which the growth or revised plan should be done. Moreover, it shows the strength and weakness of the company and the same should be compared to its rivalrs
Therefore, the option b is correct
Richie Rich has been approved for a 90% loan. Richie is under contract to purchase a home for $400,000 and put $5,000 earnest money down with the contract. If Richie's lender is charging 1% origination, 1% discount, and the title company fees total $1,350, how much does Richie need to bring to closing
Answer:
Richie Rich
The total amount that Richie needs to bring to closing the transaction is
= $43,550.
Explanation:
a) Data and Calculations:
Cost of home purchase contract = $400,000
90% loan to be given Richie = $360,000 ($400,000 * 90%)
Therefore, 10% will be provided by Richie = $40,000 ($400,000 * 10%)
Earnest money down payment = $5,000
Balance required from Richie = $35,000 +
Additional 1% of $360,000 for origination fee = $3,600 ($360,000 * 1%)
Additional 1 of $360,000 for discount = $3,600 ($360,000 * 1%)
Title charge = $1,350
Total amount that Richie needs to bring to closing the transaction = $43,550 ($35,000 + $3,600 + $3,600 + $1,350).
On November 1, 2010, Salem Corporation sold land priced at $900,000 in exchange for a 6%, six-month note receivable. As a result of this sale of land, what will Salem's Balance Sheet on December 31, 2010 include
Answer:
Note receivables of $900,000 & Interest receivable of $9,000
Explanation:
As a result of this sale of land, what will Salem's Balance Sheet on December 31, 2010 include?
Interest receivable = $900,000*6%*2/12
Interest receivable = $900,000 * 0.01
Interest receivable = $9,000
So, Salem's Balance Sheet on December 31, 2010 will include Note receivables of $900,000 and Interest receivable of $9,000.
In June, one of the processing departments at Furbush Corporation had ending work in process inventory of $12,000. During the month, $404,000 of costs were added to production and the cost of units transferred out from the department was $426,000. In the department’s cost reconciliation report for June, the total cost accounted for would be:_________
a) $842,000
b) $46,000
c) $876,000
d) $438,000
Answer:
d) $438,000
Explanation:
Calculation to determine what In the department’s cost reconciliation report for June, the total cost accounted for would be:
Using this formula
Total cost accounted for = Cost of ending work in process inventory + Cost of units transferred out
Let plug in the formula
Total cost accounted for=$12,000+$426,000
Total cost accounted for=$438,000
Therefore In the department’s cost reconciliation report for June, the total cost accounted for would be: $438,000
An analyst feels that Brown Company's earnings and dividends will grow at 25% for two years, after which growth will fall to a constant rate of 6%. If the projected discount rate is 10%, and Brown's most recently paid dividend was $1, the value of Brown's stock using the multistage dividend discount model is closest to:____.
A. $31.25.
B. $33.54.
C. $36.65.
Answer:
C. $36.65
Explanation:
Calculation to determine what the dividend discount model is closest to:
Dividend discount model =$1(1.25) / 1.1 + [$1(1.25)2/ (0.10-0.06)] / 1.1
Dividend discount model = $36.65
Therefore the value of Brown's stock using the multistage dividend discount model is closest to:$36.65
Salaries and Wages Expense appears on the _________, while Salaries and Wages Payable is a(n):a. Balance sheet; expense on the balance sheetb. Income statement; expense on the income statementc. Income statement; liability on the balance sheetd. Balance sheet; liability on the income statement
Answer: income statement ; liability on the balance sheet
Explanation:
It should be noted that wages and salaries expense don't appear on the balance sheet directly. They appear in the income statement.
On the other hand, salaries and wages payable is considered to be a liability on the balance sheet. Therefore, the correct option is "income statement ; liability on the balance sheet".
As a manager, you are trying to decide how to best layoff 10% of your workforce. You are considering laying off the 10% who are the oldest in age, because you feel that they are closest to retirement anyway. Which of the following types of justice would you most likely violate the rules of by doing this?
A. Distributive
B. Procedural
C. Interpersonal
D. Informational
Answer:
B. Procedural
Explanation:
Remember, the procedural type of justice focuses on identifying the best way to treat others in a fair way, such as following the adhering to the rule of no bias when administering justice.
In this scenario, if the manager decides to select and lay off 10% of his workforce based on their age range, he would be unintentionally displaying an age bias in his selection process, which of course most likely violates the rules of this type of justice.
The contribution margin ratio is 25% for Grain Company and the break-even point in sales is $200,000. To obtain a target net operating income of $60,000, sales would have to be:_____.
A. $260,000.
B. $440,000.
C. $280,000.
D. $240,000.
Answer:
Option B. 440000
Explanation:
Given the contribution margin = 25%
Sales at break-even point = $200000
Net operating income = $60000
Sales at break even point = TFC / contribution margin ratio
200000 = TFC / 25%
TFC = 50000
Now find the net income:
Net income = Contribution margin - Fixed cost
60000 = Contribution margin - 50000
Contribution margin =60000 + 50000 = 110000
Sales revenue = Contribution margin / contribution ratio
Sales revenue = 110000 / 0.25 = 440000
Which of the following choices correctly depicts whether McDonald's, the University Wisconsin, and Apple Inc. would have a need for managerial accounting?
a. The division of activities into unit-level, batch-level, product-sustaining level, and facility-level categories is commonly known as a cost: Object.
b. Application method.
c. Estimation method Hierarchy
d. Classification scheme that is useful in traditional, volume-based systems.
Answer:
a. The division of activities into unit level, batch level, product sustaining level and facility level categories is commonly known as cost.
Explanation:
The managerial accounting is important for any service business. McDonalds have service business and they run on zero tolerance for disruption in consumer service. Management accounting enables to identify cost for product sustaining and batch producing.
Which strategy to minimize political vulnerability and risk has the advantage of engaging the power of several investors and banks in the host country whenever any kind of government takeover or harassment is threatened?
Answer:
expanding the investment base
Explanation:
In the case of expanding the Investment base it includes the different investors and the bank for the financing purpose with respect to the investment made in the host country. This would create an advantage for engaging the bank power at the time of takeover done by the government or harassment should be threatened
Uber is a tech company that connects its mobile phone app users who have a trip request with nearby Uber drivers who use their own cars. Because of its low cost and time efficiency, it has become a very popular means of transportation among college students. As new semester begins, many students have returned to Boston from their home. Analyze the effects on the Boston Uber market.
1. What happens to equilibrium price?
2. What happens to equilibrium quantity?
Answer:
1. The price for Uber services increases.
2. The quantity of Uber services sold increases.
Explanation:
As the college students use the uber so here the number of students are rised up that means the demand is more when the semester is started i.e. the price is more
Also the uber has one attribute i.e. surge pricing which represent the law of demand and the supply. In the case when the demand is more or the supply is less the price would increase
So overall the price and the quantity should increased
A partner invests into a partnership a building with an original cost of $180,000 and accumulated depreciation of $80,000. This building has a $140,000 fair value. As a result of the investment, the partner's capital account will be credited for Group of answer choices $140,000. $100,000. $180,000. $240,000.
Answer:
$140,000
Explanation:
For accounting and legal purposes, the contribution of a partner to a partnership business is recorded using the fair value of the asset contributed.
It therefore means that;
Capital account = Fair value of the asset (I.e partner's investment in a partnership business is based on fair value of such investment)
With regards to the foregoing, the partner's capital account will be credited with $140,000
An insurer sells a one-year policy to many people with the following loss distributions:Size of loss Probability of loss50,000 0.00530,000 0.0110,000 0.025,000 0.050 0.915Assume:1) The fair premiums, the administrative expenses and the profit loading are all paid at the beginning of the year;2) The claims are paid one year later;3) The interest rate is 8%;4) The administrative expenses are assumed to be 10% of the fair premiums;5) The profit loading is assumed to be 5% of the expected claim costs.Find the fair premium for the policy.
Answer:
Explanation:
The table can be computed as follows:
Size of loss Probability of loss
50000 0.005
30000 0.01
10000 0.02
5000 0.05
0 0.915
The expected claim for the cost can be calculated by multiply each of the loss sizes with their corresponding probability loss.
i.e.
[tex]= [50000 \times 0.005] + [30000 \times 0.01] + [10000 \times 0.02] + [5000 \times 0.05] + [0 \times0.915][/tex]
[tex]= 250 + 300 + 200 + 250 + 0[/tex]
[tex]= 1000[/tex]
Following the given assumptions:
The fair premium(X) of the policy is calculated as follows:
[tex]X= \dfrac{Expected \ Claim }{(1 + interest \ rate ) }+(Administrative \ Exp.\times X )+ exp. \ profit \ percentage[/tex]
[tex]X= \dfrac{1000}{(1 + 8\%)}+(10 \%\times X) +( 5\% \times 1000)[/tex]
[tex]X= \dfrac{1000}{(1 + 0.08)}+(0.1 X) + 50[/tex]
[tex]X-0.1X= \dfrac{1000}{(1.08)}+ 50[/tex]
0.9 X = 975.9259
X = 975.9259/0.9
Fair Premium (X) = 1084.36
For each example presented below, identify the managerial skill being illustrated.
a. Charles didn't get much done today because he wasted a lot of time worrying that his coworker was going to gossip about him to their supervisor.
b. Although you usually believe that personality tests are not useful in hiring contexts, you feel they are appropriate in this case because the interviewer took the time to explain why the organization uses them and how they will be used,
c. You contributed more than of the material for the project for which your team got a performance bonus, but you only received 25% of the bonus amount.
A job candidate you are interviewing acts nervous, gives a weak handshake, and fails to talk with confidence. Although the rest of the interview goes well and the candidate seems to have the characteristics you are looking for you give mediocre ratings because of the poor start to the interview.
1. First impression bias
2. The halo effect
3. The contrast effect
4. Selective perception
Question Completion with Options:
1. Interactional Fairness
2. Distributive Fairness
3. Procedural Fairness
4. Trust
Answer:
1. Managerial skills being illustrated in each of the examples presented:
a. Trust
b. Interactional fairness
c. Distributive fairness
2. 1. First impression bias
Explanation:
Trust: Here, Charles showed a lack of trust in one of his colleagues who was a gossip.
Interactional fairness: The quality of time spent interacting with another person can improve perceptions and relationships.
Distributive fairness: This involves a comparison of outcome with the cost incurred to earn the benefit.
Procedural fairness requires fairness in decision-making without bias.