The theory that defines the state and national governments as essentially separate from each other and carrying out independent functions is ______.

Winston and Julia's commitment to each other is a crucial aspect of the novel "1984." While they share a desire to rebel against the oppressive Party, their approaches and motivations differ.

Winston is initially skeptical of Julia's commitment, seeing her as another cog in the Party's machine. Julia, on the other hand, is more pragmatic and focused on their physical relationship. As their relationship progresses, Winston becomes more committed to Julia, but his motivations are still rooted in his desire to overthrow the Party. Julia, meanwhile, remains more focused on their personal happiness. Ultimately, their differing approaches to commitment lead to their downfall, as Winston's desire to fight against the Party conflicts with Julia's desire to simply escape their oppressive world.

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Neither prosecutors nor defense attorneys may use peremptory challenges to eliminate potential jurors on the basis of race, gender, ethnicity, religion, or any other protected characteristic.

Peremptory challenges are used by both sides in a trial to exclude potential jurors without having to provide a reason. However, the use of these challenges is subject to certain limitations, including the prohibition on discrimination against potential jurors based on their protected characteristics.

The rationale behind this rule is to ensure that the jury selection process is fair and impartial. If either side were allowed to use peremptory challenges to exclude potential jurors based on their race, gender, or other protected characteristics, it would undermine the integrity of the trial and erode public confidence in the justice system. In addition, it would violate the constitutional rights of potential jurors to be treated fairly and without discrimination.

Instead, both prosecutors and defense attorneys must base their peremptory challenges on non-discriminatory factors, such as a juror's demeanor, background, or potential biases. This ensures that the jury is selected based on merit and not on any irrelevant characteristics. By following this rule, prosecutors and defense attorneys can help to ensure that their clients receive a fair trial and that justice is served.

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The U.S. president is responsible for forming the first presidential body focused on gender issues was (A) Bill Clinton.

In March 2009, President Bill Clinton founded the White House Council on Women and Girls- a presidential entity dedicated to issues and matters concerning gender.

Chaired by the Assistant to the President for Intergovernmental Affairs and Public Engagement, the council was responsible for coordinating federal actions aimed at promoting full participation of women and girls in every aspect of American life.

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Psychotherapy is a treatment approach in which a client works with a mental health professional to reduce psychological symptoms and improve quality of life.

It involves a range of techniques and strategies, such as talk therapy, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and psychodynamic therapy. Through psychotherapy, clients can explore their thoughts, emotions, and behaviors in a safe and supportive environment. This allows them to gain insight into their problems, develop coping skills, and make positive changes in their lives. Psychotherapy can be used to treat a variety of mental health conditions, such as depression, anxiety, PTSD, and bipolar disorder, among others. Sessions typically last between 45 and 60 minutes, and the frequency and duration of treatment may vary depending on the client's needs and goals.

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The following actions are forms of genocide:

Purposefully injuring members of a group

Confining a group in an unhealthy environment

Forcing a group to accept a different set of religious beliefs

Genocide refers to the deliberate and systematic destruction of a racial, ethnic, religious, or national group. It can take various forms, including killing members of the group, causing serious bodily or mental harm to members of the group, deliberately inflicting conditions of life calculated to bring about the group's physical destruction in whole or in part, and forcibly transferring children of the group to another group

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The sensory information travels from the thalamus to the primary somatosensory cortex.

The somatosensory system is responsible for processing sensory information related to touch, temperature, pain, and proprioception (awareness of body position and movement). The thalamus acts as a relay station for this sensory information and sends it to the appropriate area of the cerebral cortex for further processing and interpretation.

In the somatosensory system, sensory information is processed and transmitted through various neural pathways. After being relayed by the thalamus, the information is sent to the primary somatosensory cortex, which is located in the postcentral gyrus of the parietal lobe in the brain. This region is responsible for processing and integrating sensory information from different parts of the body, such as touch, temperature, and pain.

Therefore, in Professor Schimke's lecture on the somatosensory system, he would tell the class that sensory information travels from the thalamus to the primary somatosensory cortex for further processing and integration.

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The idea that people like to help those who possess characteristics that are like the ones they possess is known as the similarity-attraction hypothesis. This hypothesis suggests that people are more likely to be attracted to and help those who are similar to them in terms of personality, interests, background, and other characteristics. This can be seen in many social situations, such as friendships, romantic relationships, and even charitable giving.

What is Similarity-attraction?

Similarity-attraction is a social psychology theory that suggests that individuals are more likely to be attracted to and form relationships with people who are similar to them in attitudes, beliefs, and values. This theory is based on the assumption that people feel more comfortable and validated in the presence of others who share their views and experiences.

According to the similarity-attraction theory, similarities between individuals increase liking and attraction, while differences decrease liking and attraction. This phenomenon can be observed in various contexts, including romantic relationships, friendships, and even group dynamics.

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Hi there! Jack and Bethany have successfully reached a divorce settlement through an alternative, non-adversarial means of dispute resolution. This approach has helped them avoid the traditional court process and allowed them to work collaboratively to reach an agreement that works for both of them.

The settlement process can be stressful and overwhelming, but with the right guidance and support, it is possible to navigate it smoothly. In Jack and Bethany's case, they were able to utilize a variety of methods such as mediation, negotiation, and collaborative law to reach an agreement that was fair and equitable for both parties. One of the key benefits of using an alternative dispute resolution method is that it allows both parties to maintain control over the outcome of their settlement. It also tends to be less expensive and less time-consuming than going to court. Overall, Jack and Bethany's successful settlement is a great example of how non-adversarial means of dispute resolution can help couples reach a fair and mutually beneficial agreement. By working together and seeking out the right resources and support, couples can often avoid the stress and expense of traditional court proceedings.

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The pattern that is characterized by the woman feeling that she has power and is appreciated for her contributions is the "egalitarian" pattern.

In an egalitarian relationship, both partners share power and responsibilities equally. They work together to make decisions and to manage the household and family life. This pattern is characterized by open communication, mutual respect, and a shared commitment to gender equality.

For women in an egalitarian relationship, there is a sense of empowerment and appreciation for their contributions. They are able to pursue their career goals and personal interests while also taking an active role in their family life

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After three sessions of ECT each week for six to twelve weeks, 70 percent or more people suffering from severe depression improve markedly.

ECT stands for Electroconvulsive Therapy, which is a procedure where electrical currents are sent through the brain to trigger a seizure in order to alleviate the symptoms of severe depression. While it may sound frightening, ECT is a safe and effective treatment option for those who do not respond to traditional medications or therapies. The procedure is typically done under general anesthesia, and patients may experience some temporary side effects such as headaches or memory loss. However, the benefits of ECT can be life-changing for those suffering from severe depression.
After three sessions of ECT (Electroconvulsive Therapy) each week for a duration of 2-4 weeks, 70 percent or more people suffering from severe depression improve markedly. ECT is a safe and effective treatment that uses electrical currents to stimulate the brain, helping alleviate depressive symptoms. This improvement is significant, as it offers hope and relief to those struggling with this debilitating mental health condition.

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According to Valentine et al. (2003), three different experiments on police lineups showed that the percentage of people correctly identifying a suspect from a crime was 40%.

This is a concerning finding given the high stakes involved in identifying criminal suspects, including potential wrongful convictions and the impact on victims and communities. The study highlights the importance of carefully designing and conducting police lineups to ensure that eyewitnesses are able to make accurate identifications. Some potential solutions include using double-blind procedures to prevent bias on the part of lineup administrators, presenting lineup options sequentially rather than simultaneously, and providing instructions to witnesses that emphasize the possibility that the perpetrator may not be present in the lineup.

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The correct answer is option A. (checks and balances) as the separation of powers in the U.S. system ensures that no branch of government becomes too powerful. This is achieved by allowing each branch to have its own unique powers while also enabling one branch to counteract the actions of another.

Republicanism and federalism are both important components of the U.S. system of government, but they do not directly contribute to the balancing of power among the branches. Republicanism refers to the belief that power should be held by the people and that the government should be accountable to them. Federalism, on the other hand, refers to the division of power between the federal government and state governments.

While these principles do impact the balance of power within the U.S. system, they are not the primary mechanism for ensuring that power is distributed equally among the branches. It is the use of checks and balances that serves as the linchpin of the U.S. government's separation of powers.

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The term for the privilege of working with little direct supervision by others, granted by the community in exchange for high levels of professional expertise and integrity, is "professional autonomy."

Having the power to decide and the flexibility to act following one's professional knowledge base is referred to as professional autonomy.

The most evident form of professional autonomy is clinical work freedom, which refers to a doctor's liberty to choose whether or not to treat a patient without being constrained by administrative rules, financial considerations, performance evaluation systems, or managerial oversight.

The ability to use one's competence and independence in decision-making are characteristics that describe nurses' professional autonomy. Shared leadership, professional expertise, inter- and intra-professional teamwork, and a healthy work environment were themes connected to nurses' professional autonomy.

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According to the mental status examination, cognitive and behavioral symptoms are most relevant to addressing competency or Not Guilty by Reason of Insanity (NGRI) issues.

A mental status examination (MSE) is a clinical tool used by mental health professionals to evaluate a patient's current mental state. This assessment typically involves a series of observations and assessments that cover areas such as appearance, behavior, mood, thought processes, and cognitive functioning. During an MSE, a clinician may evaluate a patient's level of consciousness, orientation to time and place, memory, attention, perception, language, and reasoning abilities. The information gathered during an MSE can help clinicians diagnose mental health conditions, develop treatment plans, and monitor a patient's progress over time. MSE is a valuable assessment tool used by mental health professionals in providing effective and personalized care for their patients.

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The Electoral College's winner-take-all rule encourages presidential candidates from the two major political parties to concentrate their efforts on capturing crucial battleground states with a high proportion of electoral votes, which has an impact on how they conduct their campaigns.

This is due to the fact that, regardless of the margin of victory, the candidate who earns the most popular vote in a state will receive all of that state's electoral votes. Therefore, states where a close race and a probability of either party winning are prioritised by presidential campaigns. Candidates may concentrate their efforts on a select few states at the expense of others that are viewed as less competitive as a result, resulting in an unbalanced distribution of resources. In the end, the Electoral College's winner-take-all feature

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Individuals with Cluster B personality disorders are MOST likely to push the boundaries and test the limits of the therapeutic relationship.

This includes disorders such as borderline, narcissistic, histrionic, and antisocial personality disorders. Individuals with these disorders often struggle with emotional dysregulation, impulsivity, and difficulties in interpersonal relationships, which can manifest in the therapeutic relationship. Therapists working with individuals with Cluster B personality disorders need to be aware of boundary violations and work to establish clear boundaries and expectations from the outset of the therapeutic relationship. They also need to be able to manage the strong emotions that can arise during therapy sessions.

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Those who waited grew up to do better in college than those who didn't wait. Longitudinal data from these children has provided valuable insights into how this ability to wait impacts their lives as they grow older.

The findings reveal that children who were able to wait for the second marshmallow tend to exhibit better outcomes in various aspects of their lives. Notably, those who waited grew up to perform better academically in college than those who did not wait. This suggests that the ability to delay gratification may be linked to greater self-control, discipline, and focus, all of which are essential skills for success in higher education.
Moreover, the longitudinal data also indicate that children who displayed patience during the marshmallow test tend to have better social skills, emotional intelligence, and overall well-being. These positive traits may contribute to their enhanced performance in various aspects of life, including career achievements and personal relationships. In conclusion, the marshmallow test has provided valuable insights into the importance of self-regulation and patience in early childhood development. The longitudinal data demonstrate that the ability to delay gratification during this test is associated with better academic performance in college and overall life success.

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In the marshmallow test, young children could eat a marshmallow immediately or get two if they waited. What has longitudinal data from these children revealed about those who were able to wait

1. They were no different from those who didn't wait.

2. Those who waited grew up to do better in college than those who didn't wait.

3.. Waiting to eat the marshmallow caused the children to become more cautious adults.

4.. Waiting to eat the marshmallow was not associated with any specific outcomes.

2. Those who waited grew up to do better in college than those who didn't wait.

The given statement " It is easy to cut out unnecessary detail later, but much harder to add just the right details if you are struggling to reach word count later" is False because It is often easier to add just the right details later if you have a clear idea of what you want to convey and have a good understanding of the topic.

However, it can be difficult to add details that are relevant and useful if you are struggling to reach a word count without a clear plan or direction for your writing. In general, it is important to have a clear purpose and understanding of your audience and their needs when adding or cutting details in your writing.

The ease of adding or cutting details in writing can depend on various factors, such as the writer's experience and familiarity with the topic, the clarity of their ideas, and the level of detail required to effectively communicate their message to the intended audience.

For example, if a writer is well-versed in a particular subject and has a clear understanding of their audience's needs, they may find it easier to add relevant details that help to clarify or emphasize their main points. On the other hand, if a writer is struggling to articulate their ideas or is unsure of what information is most important to include, they may find it difficult to add useful details that enhance their writing.

Similarly, cutting unnecessary details can be a straightforward process if a writer is able to identify what information is extraneous or redundant. However, if a writer has included too much irrelevant or tangential information, it can be challenging to cut out just the right amount without losing the coherence or impact of their writing.

Ultimately, the ease of adding or cutting details in writing depends on a variety of factors, and the best approach will depend on the writer's goals, audience, and the specific demands of the writing task.

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It is easy to cut out unnecessary detail later, but much harder to add just the right details if you are struggling to reach word count later Given the statement Was False.

Adding detail can often be done by elaborating on existing points or introducing new ideas while cutting down a piece of writing can require more critical thinking and decision-making to determine what information is truly necessary and what can be eliminated. Additionally, adding too much detail later can also lead to a lack of coherence or organization in the writing.

Therefore, it is often recommended to start with a comprehensive draft that includes all the relevant details, and then refine and edit the writing by eliminating unnecessary information and improving the flow and organization of ideas.

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A researcher using the approach of phenomenology wants to understand how the world is experienced by others from their perspective.

Phenomenology is a qualitative research method that involves studying people's subjective experiences and perceptions. It seeks to explore the meaning and essence of human experience by analyzing how individuals interpret and make sense of the world around them. Researchers using this approach often rely on in-depth interviews, open-ended questionnaires, and other data collection methods to gather rich, detailed data about people's experiences. The aim of phenomenological research is to uncover the underlying structures and patterns of meaning that shape people's experiences. By studying the unique perspectives of individuals, researchers can gain a deeper understanding of how different cultural, social, and personal factors influence the way people view and interact with the world. Phenomenology is a useful approach in fields such as psychology, sociology, anthropology, and philosophy, where understanding human experience and behavior is a primary concern. Overall, phenomenology provides a valuable tool for researchers who seek to gain a deeper understanding of the complexities of human experience.

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A  delegate representative is one who votes directly according to the preferences of his/her constituency.

The term you are looking for is "delegate". A delegate representative is someone who is elected to represent the people of a particular district or constituency, and is expected to vote in accordance with the wishes of the people they represent.

Delegates are often used in political systems where the people have a more direct say in the decision-making process, such as in some forms of democracy.

In contrast to a delegate, a trustee representative is someone who is elected to make decisions on behalf of their constituents based on their own judgment and expertise. Trustees are expected to act in the best interests of their constituents, but are not necessarily bound by their wishes.

The choice between a delegate and a trustee model of representation is an important one in political theory and has significant implications for the role of elected officials in the decision-making process.

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Dennis is legally obligated to adhere to the duty to warn and protect, which includes the duty to take reasonable steps to protect potential victims.

This duty arises from the Tarasoff v. Regents of the University of California case, which established that mental health professionals have an obligation to warn and protect potential victims when a client poses a serious threat of harm to others.
To fulfill this obligation, Dennis should take the following steps:
1. Assess the risk: Determine the seriousness of the threat and the likelihood that the client will carry it out.
2. Document: Record the details of the threat and the actions taken to address it in the client's records.
3. Consult: Seek guidance from a supervisor, colleague, or legal counsel regarding the appropriate course of action.
4. Warn the potential victim(s): Notify the client's wife, and possibly their son, about the threat to their safety. In some jurisdictions, this may involve contacting law enforcement.
5. Implement safety measures: Work with the client to develop a safety plan, including steps to reduce the risk of harm, such as seeking a restraining order or engaging in anger management therapy.
By following these steps, Dennis can fulfill his legal obligation to protect the safety and well-being of his client's wife and potentially their son.

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Answer:

school age

Explanation:

:)

Out of the stage theory of family, the stage where children are ages 6-13 is called the "school-age" or "middle childhood" stage.

The stage theory of family development describes the different stages that families go through as they progress and experience various changes over time. These stages are characterized by specific developmental tasks and challenges that families face.

The stage that corresponds to the period when children are between the ages of 6 and 13 is commonly referred to as the school-age stage or middle childhood stage. This stage typically occurs after the early childhood stage (ages 0-5) and before the adolescent stage (ages 13-18).

During the school-age stage, children typically attend formal education, engage in social interactions outside the family, develop cognitive skills, and experience physical and emotional changes. They become more independent, form friendships, and begin to navigate the world beyond their immediate family.

This stage is marked by significant developments in various domains, including academic achievement, social relationships, emotional regulation, and self-identity formation. Parents play a crucial role in supporting their children's education, fostering independence, and providing guidance and emotional support during this stage.

Understanding the stage theory of family development can help individuals, parents, and professionals involved in family systems better comprehend the unique challenges, needs, and dynamics that families face at different stages of their lifecycle.

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The tendency to make a dispositional attribution, even when a person's behavior was caused by the situation, is termed fundamental attribution error.

Fundamental attribution error is a cognitive bias that leads people to overemphasize dispositional (internal) explanations for other people's behavior and underemphasize situational (external) factors. It occurs because people often rely on their own internal states and personality traits to explain their behavior, and assume that others do the same. This can lead to misunderstandings and negative evaluations of others, as well as inaccurate predictions of future behavior.

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Empirical evidence shows that highly-educated adults donate more to charity than adults with similar income levels but who have fewer years of schooling.

Empirical evidence refers to the data and observations gathered through systematic and objective methods of inquiry, such as experiments, surveys, and observational studies. Empirical evidence is used to support or refute hypotheses and theories in various fields, including science, social sciences, and humanities. Empirical evidence is collected using rigorous research methods to ensure its reliability and validity. It allows researchers to draw conclusions based on measurable, observable, and verifiable evidence, rather than speculation or anecdotal evidence. Empirical evidence can be quantitative, involving numerical data and statistical analysis, or qualitative, involving subjective observations and interpretations. Empirical evidence plays a critical role in advancing knowledge and understanding in various fields and is often used to inform policy and decision-making.

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This study demonstrates a negative correlation between the number of beers consumed and the grades earned on an exam. Specifically, as the quantity of beers consumed increased, the exam grades decreased.

It is important to note that this study suggests a correlation and not necessarily a causation between the two variables. In other words, it is possible that other factors contributed to the lower exam grades in addition to the alcohol consumption.

Additionally, it is unclear whether this correlation applies to all students or only to a specific subset of individuals. Overall, this study highlights the potential negative impact of alcohol consumption on academic performance and emphasizes the importance of responsible decision-making when it comes to alcohol consumption.

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Answer:

Explanation:

Cultural competence requires social workers to examine their own cultural backgrounds and identities to increase awareness of personal assumptions, values, stereotypes, and biases.

As a category of followers, "Reformers" have an even stronger tendency to be whistleblowers than activists.

The term "Reformers" in the context of social studies or history refers to individuals or groups who sought to bring about significant changes to existing political, social, or economic systems. Reformers typically identify problems or injustices within the current system and work to propose and implement solutions to address them.

Historically, there have been numerous groups and individuals who can be considered reformers. For example, during the Progressive Era in the early 20th century, reformers sought to address issues such as political corruption, economic inequality, and social injustice through a range of reforms including the establishment of anti-trust laws, labor protections, and women's suffrage.

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In the context of classical conditioning, the golden arches are a conditioned stimulus (CS) and the hunger pangs on seeing the arches are a conditioned response (CR).

This means that the golden arches have become associated with the experience of consuming food from McDonald's, which has led to a conditioned response of hunger pangs. Over time, through repeated pairing of the stimulus (golden arches) with the food (unconditioned stimulus or UCS), the association becomes stronger and the response (hunger pangs) becomes more automatic. This is the essence of classical conditioning, where a previously neutral stimulus (golden arches) becomes associated with a meaningful outcome (food) through repeated pairing, leading to the development of a conditioned response (hunger pangs). The strength of the association between the CS and CR is influenced by factors such as the frequency and intensity of pairing, as well as the individual's previous experiences and learning history.

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For conversational exchanges, messaging apps or instant messaging platforms are rapidly replacing the use of phone calls as the most expedient communication medium.

This is because messaging allows for quick, easy and informal exchanges that can take place at any time, without the need for both parties to be available at the same moment. Additionally, messaging apps offer a range of features that enable users to share photos, videos, audio clips and even locations, making them ideal for both personal and professional communication. While phone calls still have a place in certain contexts, messaging has become the go-to option for many people who prefer the convenience and flexibility it offers.

In response to your question: For conversational exchanges, instant messaging and online chat platforms are rapidly replacing the use of phone calls as the most expedient communication medium. These methods allow for quick, efficient, and convenient communication in both personal and professional settings.

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In Chartrand and Bargh's (1999) study, the form of social contagion where real participants would mimic the actions of confederates rubbing their faces is called the chameleon effect.

The chameleon effect refers to the automatic and unconscious tendency to mimic the behaviors, emotions, and expressions of others in our social environment. This effect is a natural and adaptive social behavior that enables individuals to better connect with others and understand their emotions.

Chartrand and Bargh's study found that the chameleon effect occurred even when the participants were not aware of it. Participants who were exposed to confederates rubbing their faces were more likely to mimic this behavior, indicating that the chameleon effect operates at an unconscious level.

Moreover, the study also showed that the chameleon effect could extend beyond facial expressions to include other nonverbal behaviors such as posture, gestures, and vocal patterns.

The chameleon effect has been linked to a range of social phenomena, including the formation of social bonds, the regulation of interpersonal interactions, and the development of social norms.

It is an important aspect of social cognition and has been studied extensively in social psychology. Understanding the chameleon effect can help us better understand the complex dynamics of social interactions and how we can use it to build stronger relationships with others.

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