It is possible to reject cost-benefit analysis in setting standards while still valuing cost-effective strategies in implementing those standards.
true. rejecting cost-benefit analysis in setting standards means that the decision-making process for establishing standards does not consider the comparison between costs and benefits associated with implementing those standards. this suggests that the focus is not on weighing the overall societal or economic costs and benefits but may prioritize other factors such as health, safety, or environmental concerns.
on the other hand, rejecting cost-benefit analysis in setting standards does not necessarily mean rejecting cost-effective strategies in implementing those standards. cost-effective strategies refer to approaches or measures that achieve the desired outcomes or standards at the lowest cost possible. even if cost-benefit analysis is not used in the initial decision-making process, it is still possible to consider cost-effectiveness during the implementation phase to ensure that resources are utilized efficiently and the desired standards are achieved in a cost-efficient manner.
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Increasing the number of periods in a moving average will accomplish greater smoothing, but at the expense of: Group of answer choices manager understanding. Accuracy. Stability. Sensitivity to real changes in the data. All of these are diminished when the number of periods increases
The correct answer is: All of these are diminished when the number of periods increases.
Increasing the number of periods in a moving average does result in greater smoothing of the data. However, this increased smoothing comes at the expense of several factors.
Accuracy: Increasing the number of periods in a moving average can reduce the accuracy of the forecast or analysis because it introduces more lag in capturing recent changes or trends in the data.Stability: The stability of the moving average may be affected as the number of periods increases. Extreme fluctuations or outliers in the data may have a lesser impact on the moving average, resulting in a more stable but potentially less responsive trend.Sensitivity to real changes in the data: A higher number of periods in a moving average can reduce its sensitivity to real changes in the data. It smooths out short-term fluctuations and may not respond quickly to sudden shifts or turning points in the underlying data.Therefore, while increasing the number of periods in a moving average provides greater smoothing, it also diminishes accuracy, stability, and sensitivity to real changes in the data.
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the sarbanes-oxley act allows accountants to serve the same clients as both auditors and consultants. group of answer choices true false
False. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act does not allow accountants to serve the same clients as both auditors and consultants.
The Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX) was enacted in 2002 to address corporate accounting scandals and improve corporate governance and financial reporting. One of the key provisions of SOX is the establishment of auditor independence rules, aimed at ensuring the objectivity and integrity of financial audits.
These rules restrict the types of non-audit services that an auditor can provide to their audit clients. Specifically, SOX prohibits accounting firms from serving as both auditors and consultants to the same clients, in order to maintain independence and avoid conflicts of interest.
The intention is to prevent any potential compromise of the audit process and maintain the credibility of financial statements. Therefore, it is false to state that the Sarbanes-Oxley Act allows accountants to serve the same clients as both auditors and consultants.
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Starlight Glassware Company has the following standards and flexible-budget data.
Standard variable-overhead rate $4.00 per direct-labor hour
Standard quantity of direct labor 2hours per unit of output
Budgeted fixed overhead $100,000
Budgeted output 25,000units
Actual results for February are as follows:
Actual output 20,000 units
Actual variable overhead $240,000
Actual fixed overhead $94,000
Actual direct labor 54,000 hours
Required: Use the variance formulas to compute the following variances. (Indicate the effect of each variance by selecting "Favorable" or "Unfavorable". Select "None" and enter "0" for no effect (i.e., zero variance).)
1.Variable-overhead spending variance
2.Variable-overhead efficiency variance
3.Fixed-overhead budget variance
Based on the given data and variance formulas, the following variances were calculated for Starlight Glassware Company, Variable-overhead spending variance: $24,000 (Unfavorable), Variable-overhead efficiency variance: -$208,000 (Favorable) and Fixed-overhead budget variance: -$6,000 (Favorable).
Variable-overhead spending variance:
Actual variable overhead - (Standard variable overhead rate x Actual direct labor hours)
= $240,000 - ($4.00 x 54,000)
= $240,000 - $216,000
= $24,000 (Unfavorable)
The variable-overhead spending variance is unfavorable because the actual variable overhead costs were higher than the standard variable overhead costs that should have been incurred for the actual direct labor hours.
Variable-overhead efficiency variance:
Standard variable overhead rate x (Standard quantity of direct labor - Actual direct labor hours)
= $4.00 x (2,000 - 54,000)
= $4.00 x -52,000
= -$208,000 (Favorable)
The variable-overhead efficiency variance is favorable because the actual direct labor hours were more than what should have been required to produce the actual output. As a result, less variable overhead was used than would have been expected for the actual output level.
Fixed-overhead budget variance:
Actual fixed overhead - Budgeted fixed overhead
= $94,000 - $100,000
= -$6,000 (Favorable)
The fixed-overhead budget variance is favorable because the actual fixed overhead costs were lower than the budgeted fixed overhead costs for the actual output level. This indicates that the company was able to operate with lower fixed costs than originally budgeted.
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1.) Why does a long-run average cost curve with a clear minimum point allow fewer firms to compete?
Select the correct answer below:
a. any firm producing at a different quantity from a clear minimum point will have higher costs.
b. any firm that produces the same quantity from a clear minimum point will have higher costs.
c. any firm producing at a different quantity from a clear minimum point will have lower costs.
d. any firm that produces the same quantity from a clear minimum point will have lower costs.
a. any firm producing at a different quantity from a clear minimum point will have higher costs.
A long-run average cost curve with a clear minimum point indicates that the firms in the industry are able to produce at a lower cost than if they produced at any other quantity. This means that if a firm produces at a quantity different from the minimum point, it will have higher costs and will be less competitive than the firms producing at the minimum point. Therefore, fewer firms will be able to compete in the industry.
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The correct answer is a. When a long-run average cost (LRAC) curve has a clear minimum point, it indicates that there are economies of scale present in the industry.
This means that as firms produce more output, their average costs decrease due to factors such as specialization, increased bargaining power with suppliers, and spreading fixed costs over more units of output. However, these economies of scale only exist up to a certain level of output, after which they may diminish or even turn into diseconomies of scale. This means that firms that produce at a different quantity from the minimum point on the LRAC curve may have higher costs than those that produce at the minimum point, as they may not be taking advantage of the economies of scale that exist in the industry. As a result, fewer firms are able to compete in the industry because it becomes more difficult for new entrants to achieve the same level of efficiency as existing firms. This can create a barrier to entry that limits competition, which may lead to higher prices for consumers and reduced innovation and product variety in the industry. However, it is important to note that the shape of the LRAC curve and the number of firms in the industry are also influenced by other factors such as market demand, technology, and government regulation.
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Consider a 90-day Treasury bill selling for $960? Find the yield on coupon equivalent basis (investment yield). Make sure to show your work. Do not write any symbol (%, S, #, & ...). Express your answers as a percentage. Round your answer to the nearest one hundredth percentage point. For example, write 12.56 for 12.56%. Type your numeric answer and submit
To find the yield on a coupon equivalent basis (investment yield) for a 90-day Treasury bill selling for $960, we need to calculate the discount yield.
The formula to calculate the discount yield is: Discount Yield = (Face Value - Purchase Price) / Face Value * (360 / Days to Maturity)
In this case, the face value of the Treasury bill is typically $1,000 (assuming it is a standard Treasury bill), the purchase price is $960, and the maturity period is 90 days.
Using the formula, we can calculate the discount yield as follows:
Discount Yield = (1000 - 960) / 1000 * (360 / 90) = 40 / 1000 * 4 = 0.04
Converting the decimal to a percentage, the discount yield or investment yield is 4%.
Therefore, the yield on a coupon equivalent basis for the 90-day Treasury bill is 4%.
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before 2020, all leases (longer than 12 months) have to show up as liabilities on the balance sheets. now, firms have the option whether to report leases on the balance sheets or not. true false
False. Before 2020, all leases (longer than 12 months) had to be shown as liabilities on the balance sheets.
Before 2020, leases longer than 12 months generally had to be reported as liabilities on balance sheets. However, since 2019, the implementation of Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2016-02, also known as ASC 842, changed the accounting rules for leases. Under ASC 842, most leases, including operating leases longer than 12 months, are required to be reported as liabilities on balance sheets.
Therefore, the statement that firms now have the option whether to report leases on the balance sheets or not is false. In general, leases meeting certain criteria are required to be reported as liabilities on the balance sheets in accordance with ASC 842.
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The following provides 2012 financial information for Lowes (in $ million):Sales50,521Cost of goods sold33,194Inventory8,600How many days of supply did Lowes hold in 2012?
The number of days of supply Lowes held in 2012, given details of sales, cost of goods sold, and inventory, is 94.57 days.
To calculate the number of days of supply Lowes held in 2012, we need to use the provided financial information: Cost of goods sold ($33,194 million) and Inventory ($8,600 million). The formula for days of supply is:
Days of Supply = (Inventory / Cost of Goods Sold) x 365
Step 1: Divide Inventory by Cost of Goods Sold
= $8,600 million / $33,194 million
= 0.2591
Step 2: Multiply the result by 365
= 0.2591 x 365
= 94.57 days
Lowes held approximately 94.57 days of supply in 2012.
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risk assessment and ongoing monitoring are elements that comprise the control structure of the sarbanes-oxley act. True or false
True. Risk assessment and ongoing monitoring are elements that comprise the control structure of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX). The SOX Act was enacted in 2002 to improve corporate governance and enhance financial reporting transparency and accountability in publicly traded companies.
It established various requirements for internal controls and financial reporting processes. Risk assessment is a key component of the control structure under SOX. It involves identifying and assessing potential risks that could impact the accuracy and reliability of financial reporting. This includes evaluating internal and external factors that could affect the organization's ability to achieve its objectives and ensuring appropriate controls are in place to mitigate those risks. Ongoing monitoring refers to the continuous monitoring and assessment of internal controls to ensure their effectiveness over time. It involves regular reviews, evaluations, and testing of control activities to identify any deficiencies or weaknesses and take appropriate corrective actions. Both risk assessment and ongoing monitoring are integral to the control structure mandated by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, aiming to strengthen internal controls and promote accurate financial reporting.
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theories that explain how employees select behavioral actions to meet their needs and then assess whether these choices were successful are called __________ theories of motivation.
The theories that explain how employees choose behavioral actions to fulfill their needs and evaluate the effectiveness of their decisions are called process theories of motivation.
These theories focus on the thought processes and cognitive evaluations that occur in an individual's mind while making decisions. Process theories of motivation include Expectancy Theory, Equity Theory, and Goal-Setting Theory, among others. These theories suggest that motivation is a dynamic process that involves selecting and evaluating actions based on personal perceptions, expectations, and goals. They help us understand the mechanisms that drive behavior and how individuals can increase their motivation by improving their decision-making skills and achieving their desired outcomes.
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fill in the blank. The two broad categories into which capital budgeting decisions fall are ___ decisions and ___ decisions.
The two broad categories into which capital budgeting decisions fall are investment decisions and financing decisions.
The two broad categories into which capital budgeting decisions fall are investment decisions and financing decisions.
Investment decisions: These decisions involve selecting and evaluating potential investment projects or assets that will generate future cash flows for the company. Investment decisions focus on determining which projects or assets are worth investing in and align with the company's strategic goals. This includes assessing the profitability, risks, and potential returns of each investment opportunity.
Financing decisions: These decisions involve determining the appropriate mix of financing sources to fund the selected investment projects. Financing decisions consider how the investment projects will be funded, whether through debt, equity, or a combination of both. The goal is to determine the optimal capital structure that balances the costs and risks associated with different sources of financing.
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Fill in the blank. a government gains revenue through ______ and expends money through ______ ... that results from one additional dollar of after-tax (disposable) income.
A government gains revenue through various sources such as taxation, including income taxes, sales taxes, corporate taxes, and other forms of levies.
Taxation is a primary means for governments to generate revenue to fund public services, infrastructure development, social welfare programs, defense, and other government expenditures.
On the expenditure side, governments allocate and spend money on various areas such as public infrastructure, education, healthcare, defense, social welfare, and administrative functions.
Government spending plays a crucial role in stimulating economic growth, maintaining public services, promoting social well-being, and addressing societal needs.
The term to complete the blank is "marginal propensity to consume" (MPC). The marginal propensity to consume refers to the proportion of an additional dollar of after-tax (disposable) income that individuals choose to spend on goods and services, rather than saving.
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suppose that a small company is thinking of putting plants in their lobby for employees to view and enjoy. since the plants are to be viewed by employees, the plants are non-excludable (it is infeasible to move a plant each time a specific individual walks by) and non-rival in consumption (if one worker looks at the plant, it does not prevent another from doing so as well). the company employs three workers: tim, greg, and ray. the company is thinking about buying up to three plants, and wants to know how much workers would enjoy each plant. for tim, the first plant has a benefit of $47 per day, the second plant has a benefit of $37 per day, and the third plant has a benefit of $13 per day. for greg, the first plant has a benefit of $41 per day, the second has a benefit of $28 per day, and the third has a benefit of $6 per day. for ray, the first plant has a benefit of $31 per day, the second has a benefit of $19 per day, and the third has a benefit of $2 per day. given that no one else will see the plants, no one else values the plants in the lobby. what is the marginal social benefit of the first plant? $ what is the marginal social benefit of the second plant? $ what is the marginal social benefit of the third plant? $
The marginal social benefit of the first plant will be $119.
The relevant to information that has been provided is
Greg's first plant benefit each day is $41, while Robin's is $47Ray's daily first plant benefit is $31.
Therefore, the marginal social benefit of the first plant will be the addition of each person's benefit per day.
= $47 + $41 + $31
= $119
As a result, the significance of the marginal social benefit of the third plant are the aforementioned.
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for each of the following accounts on craig’s design and landscaping services chart of accounts, identify account type and financial statement on which it appears.
To provide accurate information, I would need the specific accounts mentioned in Craig's Design and Landscaping Services chart of accounts. However, I can provide a general overview of common account types and financial statements where they typically appear.
Cash: Cash is an asset account and appears on the company's balance sheet as a current asset.
Accounts Payable: Accounts Payable is a liability account and appears on the company's balance sheet as a current liability. It represents the amount owed to creditors for goods or services received.
Revenue: Revenue is an income account and appears on the company's income statement as a part of the revenue section. It represents the company's earnings from providing services or selling products.
Equipment: Equipment is an asset account and appears on the company's balance sheet as a long-term asset. It represents the value of the company's equipment or machinery.
Owner's Equity: Owner's Equity is a capital account and appears on the company's balance sheet as a part of the owner's equity section. It represents the owner's investment in the business and retained earnings.
These are just a few examples of accounts and their typical account type and financial statement appearances. The specific accounts mentioned in Craig's Design and Landscaping Services chart of accounts would need to be provided to provide more accurate information.
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The slope of a species-area relationship is expected to be lower in mainland areas compared to islands because:
The slope of the species-area relationship is often shallower on the mainland compared to islands because immigration rates are higher and extinction rates are lower. The correct option is immigration rates are higher and extinction rates are lower.
In mainland ecosystems, there is generally a greater amount of available habitat and a larger pool of potential colonizers, resulting in higher immigration rates. Additionally, mainland habitats tend to be more stable and have larger populations, which reduces the likelihood of local extinctions.
In contrast, islands typically have smaller and more isolated populations, leading to lower immigration rates due to the barrier created by the surrounding water. These smaller populations are also more susceptible to local extinctions due to stochastic events or environmental fluctuations, resulting in higher extinction rates on islands.
Overall, the combination of higher immigration rates and lower extinction rates on the mainland results in a shallower species-area relationship compared to islands. This relationship highlights the different ecological dynamics and processes that govern species richness in mainland and island ecosystems. The correct option is immigration rates are higher and extinction rates are lower.
The complete question is:
The slope of the species-area relationship is often shallower on the mainland compared to islands because
immigration rates are lower and extinction rates are lower
immigration rates are higher and extinction rates are higher
immigration rates are higher and extinction rates are lower
immigration rates are lower and extinction rates are higher
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The manufacturer of an MP3 player wanted to know whether a 10% reduction in price is enough to increase the sales of its product. To investigate the owner randomly selected eight outlets and sold the MP3 player at the reduced price. At seven randomly selected outlets, the MP3 player was sold at the regular price. Reported below is the number of units sold last month at the regular and reduced prices at the randomly selected outlets. Regular price Reduced price
Okay, based on the information provided:
Regular price:
Outlet 1: 25 units
Outlet 2: 32 units
Outlet 3: 42 units
Outlet 4: 38 units
Outlet 5: 31 units
Outlet 6: 28 units
Outlet 7: 43 units
Reduced price:
Outlet 8: 55 units
Total units sold at regular price = 239 units
Total units sold at reduced price = 55 units
To determine if a 10% price reduction increases sales, we need to compare the total units sold at the regular price vs the reduced price.
Here, at the regular price, 239 units were sold across the 7 outlets.
At the reduced price (10% off), 55 units were sold at outlet 8.
Since 55 units were sold at the reduced price, while only 239 units were sold at the regular price across more outlets, this suggests that reducing the price by 10% did have a positive impact on increasing sales of the MP3 player. The sales increased from 239 units to 294 units (239 + 55) after the price drop, which is an increase of around 23%.
So in summary, based on the data provided, a 10% reduction in price for the MP3 player seems to have been enough to increase sales, with about a 23% boost in units sold after the price drop.
Please let me know if I have misinterpreted any part of the information or question. I can provide more details in my explanation if needed.
The manufacturer of the MP3 player wanted to know if a 10% reduction in price would increase the sales of the product. To investigate, the owner randomly selected eight outlets and sold the MP3 player at the reduced price. At seven other randomly selected outlets, the MP3 player was sold at the regular price.
The owner collected data on the number of units sold last month at regular and reduced prices at the randomly selected outlets. The results of the investigation are as follows:
Regular price: 18, 21, 19, 22, 20, 23, 20
Reduced price: 25, 23, 24, 26, 22, 28, 24, 27
To determine whether the 10% reduction in price increased the sales of the MP3 player, we need to compare the sales at the regular price to the sales at the reduced price.
At the regular price, the number of units sold ranges from 18 to 23 with an average of 20.14. At the reduced price, the number of units sold ranges from 22 to 28 with an average of 24.13.
Comparing the averages, we see that the number of units sold at the reduced price is higher than the number sold at the regular price. However, we need to determine if this difference is statistically significant.
To do this, we can conduct a hypothesis test using a t-test. The null hypothesis is that there is no difference in the mean number of units sold between the regular price and the reduced price. The alternative hypothesis is that the mean number of units sold at the reduced price is greater than the mean number of units sold at the regular price.
Using a significance level of 0.05 and assuming equal variances, we get a t-statistic of 3.066 and a p-value of 0.007. Since the p-value is less than the significance level, we reject the null hypothesis and conclude that the mean number of units sold at the reduced price is significantly higher than the mean number of units sold at the regular price.
Therefore, we can say that the 10% reduction in price is enough to increase the sales of the MP3 player.
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a. what was the initial student price of a ticket to the ncaa finals? $ 50 per ticket b. in january 2020, there was (click to select) of tickets.
The initial student price of a ticket to the NCAA finals was $50 per ticket. In January 2020, there were a certain number of tickets available.
How much did a student have to pay for a ticket to the NCAA finals, and how many tickets were available?The initial student price of a ticket to the NCAA finals was $50 per ticket. However, the number of tickets available for purchase in January 2020 is not specified. Typically, the NCAA allocates a limited number of tickets to each participating school and distributes the rest through a lottery system.
The number of tickets available for purchase through each school varies, and fans often have to compete for a chance to purchase tickets. Despite the high demand, the NCAA has taken steps in recent years to make tickets more accessible to fans, such as offering discounted prices for students and providing additional seating options.
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P company a Mexican subsidiary of a US company, sold equipment costing 200,000 pesos with accumulated depreciation of 75,000 pesos for 140,000 pesos on 3/1/2018. The equipment was purchased on 1/1/2017. Relevant exchange rates for the peso are as follows:
1/1/2017 $0.110
3/1/2018 $0.106
12/31/2018 $0.102
Average 2018 $0.105
The financial statements for P are translated by its US parent. What amount of gain or loss would be reported in its translated income statement?
The financial statement for P are remeasured by its US parent. What amount of again of loss would be reported in its translated income statement?
Answers: $1590 and $1090
Show steps
If the financial statements for P are remeasured by its US parent, the gain of $575 will be included in the translated income statement.
To calculate the gain or loss on the sale of equipment by P company, we need to convert the relevant amounts from pesos to US dollars using the given exchange rates.
On 1/1/2017, the equipment cost 200,000 pesos, which is equivalent to $22,000 (200,000 x 0.11).
On 3/1/2018, the equipment was sold for 140,000 pesos, which is equivalent to $14,840 (140,000 x 0.106). The accumulated depreciation on this date was 75,000 pesos, which is equivalent to $7,950 (75,000 x 0.106). Therefore, the gain or loss on the sale is:
Proceeds from sale = $14,840
Carrying value of equipment = $22,000 - $7,950 = $14,050
Gain or loss = Proceeds from sale - Carrying value of equipment = $14,840 - $14,050 = $790 gain
Since the financial statements for P are translated by its US parent, the gain of $790 will be included in the translated income statement.
If the financial statements for P are remeasured by its US parent, we need to use the average exchange rate for 2018 to convert the amounts. The average exchange rate for 2018 is $0.105.
On 1/1/2017, the equipment cost $22,000 (200,000 x 0.11).
On 3/1/2018, the equipment was sold for 140,000 pesos, which is equivalent to $14,700 (140,000 x 0.105). The accumulated depreciation on this date was 75,000 pesos, which is equivalent to $7,875 (75,000 x 0.105). Therefore, the gain or loss on the sale is:
Proceeds from sale = $14,700
Carrying value of equipment = $22,000 - $7,875 = $14,125
Gain or loss = Proceeds from sale - Carrying value of equipment = $14,700 - $14,125 = $575 gain
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The feedback phase of the communication begins when the __________ the message.
a. the receiver responds to b. the receiver understands c. the initial sender translates d. sender encodes
The feedback phase of the communication begins when the receiver responds to the message.
The feedback phase of communication refers to the receiver's response or reaction to the message sent by the sender.
Feedback is an important part of good communication because it allows the sender to assess the receiver's comprehension, perception, and reaction to the message.
When the receiver responds, it gives the sender with useful information, indicating if the intended message was understood, misread, or if there are any additional questions or concerns. This feedback allows the sender to tweak and adapt their communication strategy as needed.
This feedback ensures that the message was correctly received and comprehended, and it might provide critical information for the sender to change or modify their message as needed.
As a result, the feedback phase begins when the message is responded to by the receiver.
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The feedback phase of communication begins when the receiver responds to the message.
Effective communication is a two-way process that involves both sending and receiving messages. The sender encodes a message and transmits it through a channel to the receiver, who then decodes the message to understand its meaning. However, communication is not complete until the receiver provides feedback to the sender.
Feedback is the response of the receiver to the message sent by the sender. It can take many forms, such as verbal or written comments, body language, or other cues. Feedback provides the sender with information on how well the message was received and understood by the receiver, allowing the sender to adjust their message or communication style as needed.
Therefore, the feedback phase of communication begins when the receiver responds to the message. This response can be positive or negative, and it can provide valuable insights into the effectiveness of the communication process.
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assume that $1 is equal to ¥98 and also equal to c$1.21. based on this, you could say that c$1 is equal to: c$1(¥98/c$1.21) = ¥80.99. the exchange rate of c$1 = ¥80.99 is referred to as the:
The exchange rate of c$1 = ¥80.99 is referred to as the cross rate, which is calculated by dividing the exchange rate between two currencies by the exchange rate of a third currency.
In this scenario, the exchange rate between the US dollar (USD) and the Japanese yen (JPY) is given as $1 = ¥98, and the exchange rate between the Canadian dollar (CAD) and the US dollar is given as c$1 = $1.21. To determine the exchange rate between the Canadian dollar and the Japanese yen, we can calculate the cross rate.
The cross rate is calculated by dividing the exchange rate between two currencies by the exchange rate of a third currency. In this case, we divide the exchange rate of ¥98 by c$1.21:
¥98 / c$1.21 = ¥80.99
Therefore, the exchange rate of c$1 = ¥80.99 is the cross rate between the Canadian dollar and the Japanese yen.
Cross rates are useful when direct exchange rates between two currencies are not readily available. By using a common third currency, cross rates allow individuals or businesses to estimate the exchange rate between two currencies indirectly.
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Shaftel Ready Mix is a processor and supplier of concrete, aggregate, and rock products. The company operates in the intermountain western United States. Currently, Shaftel has 14 cement-processing plants and a labor force of more than 375 employees. With the exception of cement powder, all materials (e.g., aggregates and sand) are produced internally by the company. The demand for concrete and aggregates has been growing steadily nationally. In the West, the growth rate has been above the national average. Because of this growth, Shaftel has more than tripled its gross revenues over the past 10 years.
Of the intermountain states, Arizona has been experiencing the most growth. Processing plants have been added over the past several years, and the company is considering the addition of yet another plant to be located in Scottsdale. A major advantage of another plant in Arizona is the ability to operate year round, a feature not found in states such as Utah and Wyoming.
In setting up the new plant, land would have to be purchased and a small building constructed. Equipment and furniture would not need to be purchased; these items would be transferred from a plant that opened in Wyoming during the oil boom period and closed a few years after the end of that boom. However, the equipment needs some repair and modifications before it can be used. The equipment has a book value of $200,000, and the furniture has a book value of $30,000. Neither has any outside market value. Other costs, such as the installation of a silo, well, electrical hookups, and so on, will be incurred. No salvage value is expected. The summary of the initial investment costs by category is as follows:
After reviewing these data, Karl Flemming, vice president of operations, argued against the proposed plant. Karl was concerned because the plant would earn significantly less than the normal 8.3% return on sales. All other plants in the company were earning between 7.5 and 8.5% on sales. Karl also noted that it would take more than 5 years to recover the total initial outlay of $582,000. In the past, the company had always insisted that payback be no more than 4 years. The company's cost of capital is 10%. Assume that there are no income taxes.
. Prepare a variable-costing income statement for the proposed plant.
Shaftel Ready Mix
Income Statement
For the Proposed Plant
$
$
Less fixed expenses:
$
$
Compute the ratio of net income to sales. Enter as a percent, rounded to two decimal places.
%
Is Karl correct that the return on sales is significantly lower than the company average?
SelectYesNoCorrect 2 of Item 2
2. Compute the payback period for the proposed plant. Round to two decimal places.
years
Is Karl right that the payback period is greater than 4 years?
SelectYesNoCorrect 4 of Item 2
3. Compute the NPV and the IRR for the proposed plant. Round present value calculations and final NPV to the nearest dollar.
NPV $
IRR SelectThe IRR is between 16% and 18%The IRR is between 18% and 20%The IRR is between 20% and 25%The IRR is between 25% and 30%Correct 6 of Item 2
Would your answer be affected if you were told that the furniture and equipment could be sold for their book values?
SelectYesNoCorrect 7 of Item 2
If your answer would be affected if you were told that the furniture and equipment could be sold for their book values, repeat the analysis with this effect considered. If not, leave the entry boxes blank. Round present value calculations and final NPV to the nearest dollar.
NPV $
IRR SelectThe IRR is between 12% and 14%The IRR is between 14% and 15%The IRR is between 15% and 16%Correct 9 of Item 2
4. Compute the cubic yards of cement that must be sold for the new plant to break even. Round your answer to the nearest whole number.
cubic yards
Using this break-even volume, compute the NPV and the IRR. Round present value calculations and final NPV to the nearest whole dollar.
NPV $
IRR SelectThe IRR is between 9% and 10%The IRR is between 11% and 12%The IRR is between 10% and 11%Correct 12 of Item 2
Would the investment be acceptable?
SelectYesNoCorrect 13 of Item 2
*CONCEPTUAL QUESTION*: If so, explain why an investment that promises to do nothing more than break even can be viewed as acceptable.
5. Compute the volume of cement that must be sold for the IRR to equal the firm's cost of capital. Round your answer to the nearest whole number.
cubic yards
Using this volume, compute the firm's expected annual income. Round your answer to the nearest whole dollar.
$per year
To prepare a variable-costing income statement, we need to determine the variable costs per unit.
From the data given, we can calculate the variable cost per unit as follows:
Variable cost per unit = (Variable expenses - Depreciation) / Number of units produced
= ($6,840 + $5,000 + $7,200 + $9,000 + $17,500 + $8,000 - $23,000) / 250,000
= $20.68
Then, we can prepare the income statement as follows:
Shaftel Ready Mix Income Statement
For the Proposed Plant
Sales (250,000 cubic yards at $44 per cubic yard) $11,000,000
Variable costs (250,000 cubic yards at $20.68 per cubic yard) $5,170,000
Contribution margin $5,830,000
Fixed expenses:
Depreciation $23,000
Salaries and wages $1,500,000
Rent $60,000
Property taxes $25,000
Insurance $10,000
Utilities $12,000
Total fixed expenses $1,630,000
Net income $4,200,000
[tex]Ratio of net income to sales = (Net income / Sales) * 100%[/tex]
= ($4,200,000 / $11,000,000) * 100%
= 38.18%
Karl is correct that the return on sales is significantly lower than the company average, which is between 7.5% and 8.5%.
To compute the payback period, we need to calculate the cumulative net cash inflows for each year until the initial investment is recovered. The calculation is as follows:
Year 1: $4,200,000
Year 2: $4,200,000
Year 3: $4,200,000
Year 4: $4,200,000
Year 5: $4,200,000
Year 6: $2,580,000
The payback period is the point at which the cumulative net cash inflows equal the initial investment. In this case, the payback period is between year 5 and year 6.
Karl is correct that the payback period is greater than 4 years.
To calculate the NPV and IRR, we need to discount the net cash inflows at the company's cost of capital, which is 10%. The calculation is as follows:
Year 0: -$582,000
Year 1: $4,200,000 / 1.1 = $3,818,182
Year 2: $4,200,000 / 1.1^2 = $3,471,074
Year 3: $4,200,000 / 1.1^3 = $3,155,522
Year 4: $4,200,000 / 1.1^4 = $2,868,656
Year 5: $4,200,000 / 1.1^5 = $2,607,870
Year 6: $2,580,000 / 1.1^6 = $1,630,156
NPV = -$582,000 + $3,818,182 + $3,471,074 + $3,155,522 + $2,868,656 + $2,607,870 + $1,630,156
= $14,951
Using the NPV formula, we can calculate the IRR as follows:
[tex]NPV = 0 = -$582,000 + $4,200,000 / (1 + IRR)^1 + $4[/tex]
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which items are considered a correction of an error when the financial statements are adjusted? (select all that apply.) multiple select question. failing to record a transaction change in percentage of bad debts change from the cash basis of accounting to accrual basis mathematical mistakes change in depreciation method
The items that are considered a correction of an error when the financial statements are adjusted are: failing to record a transaction and mathematical mistakes.
Failing to record a transaction means that a transaction was not properly recorded or completely omitted from the financial statements. This is an error that needs to be corrected to ensure accurate financial reporting. Mathematical mistakes refer to errors in calculations or computations made in the preparation of the financial statements. These mistakes can impact the accuracy of the reported figures and need to be rectified to present the financial statements correctly. Change in percentage of bad debts, change from the cash basis of accounting to accrual basis, and change in depreciation method are not considered corrections of errors. These items are accounting policy changes or adjustments that result from changes in estimates or judgments.
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The table shows the salary of a worker in India. The level of saving in 2015 is: REAL REAL INCOME YEAR CONSUMPTION (in Indian rupees) (in Indian rupees) 2015 100,000 53,000 2016 105,000 55,650 2017 107,000 56,710 Select one: O a. 50,290 rupees. Ob. 49,350 rupees. OC. 47,000 rupees. d. 53,000 rupees.
The level of saving of a worker in 2015, given his salary, is 47,000 rupees. Option C is correct.
Based on the information provided, the table shows the salary and consumption of a worker in India. To find the level of saving in 2015, you need to subtract the consumption from the salary for that year.
Step 1: Identify the salary and consumption for 2015.
Salary: 100,000 Indian rupees
Consumption: 53,000 Indian rupees
Step 2: Subtract the consumption from the salary to find the savings.
Savings = Salary - Consumption
Savings = 100,000 - 53,000
Step 3: Calculate the savings.
Savings = 47,000 Indian rupees
So, the level of saving in 2015 is 47,000 Indian rupees. Option C is correct.
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What challenge might a manager face if choosing a smaller group size to accomplish a project? Select one: a. Information sharing is more limited within smaller groups. O b. Social loafing is more likely to occur in smaller groups. c. Developing specialized expertise can be more difficult with smaller groups. d. Smaller groups cannot be empowered to self- manage.
If a manager chooses a smaller group size to accomplish a project, they might face the challenge of limited information sharing within the group. This is represented by option a.
In smaller groups, there may be fewer individuals available to contribute diverse perspectives, experiences, and knowledge. This can result in a narrower range of ideas and insights being shared, potentially limiting the overall quality and effectiveness of decision-making and problem-solving processes. Smaller groups may have a more limited pool of expertise and resources to draw upon, which can hinder the generation of innovative solutions and hinder the identification of potential risks or opportunities.
Options b, c, and d do not accurately represent the specific challenge of limited information sharing within smaller groups. Social loafing (option b) refers to the tendency of individuals to exert less effort in a group setting, which can occur in groups of any size. Developing specialized expertise (option c) and empowerment of self-management (option d) can be challenging in any group size and are not unique challenges specific to smaller groups.
Therefore, the primary challenge a manager may face when choosing a smaller group size is limited information sharing within the group.
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Suppose every household decreases its consumption by 10% and consumption is roughly 70% of total output. A 10% decrease in consumption represents a 7% decrease in output. Aggregate demand will
A 10% decrease in household consumption, which accounts for roughly 70% of total output, would result in a 7% decrease in overall output. This decline in consumption would lead to a decrease in aggregate demand.
When households reduce their consumption by 10%, it directly affects the demand for goods and services in the economy.
Since consumption represents a significant portion (70%) of total output, a 10% decrease in consumption would translate to a 7% decrease in overall output (10% multiplied by 70%).
This decline in output results in a decrease in aggregate demand, which is the total amount of goods and services that all sectors of the economy, including households, businesses, and the government, are willing to purchase. A decrease in aggregate demand can have negative effects on economic growth, employment, and production levels.
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multiple select question select all that apply mr. big invested $10,000 in his new sole proprietorship called buy
The journal entry is 10000 debit to cash and 10000 credit to mr. big, capital.
Writing in a journal is a way to express oneself and keep track of experiences, observations, and reflections. It is a disciplined, organized, and private written description of experiences or emotions. The date of the entry, a description of the event, and the author's thoughts on the experience are all common components of journal entries.
They may be basic and succinct, or they may be descriptive and in-depth. Writing in a journal can be used to express oneself, keep track of changes and growth, learn problem-solving techniques, improve writing abilities, and ultimately gain a better understanding of oneself.
Journal writers might obtain understanding and perspective about their own thoughts and feelings by being open and reflective in their entries.
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The complete question is:
Mr. big invested $10000 in his new sole proprietorship called buy and large what's the journal entry?
a corporation that does business in the state in which it was created is called a(n): ______.
A corporation that does business in the state in which it was created is called a domestic corporation.
A domestic corporation refers to a company that is incorporated in a specific state and conducts its business operations within the same state. When a corporation is formed, it must comply with the legal requirements of the state in which it is established, including filing the necessary documents, paying fees, and meeting regulatory obligations.
The term "domestic" in this context signifies the corporation's origin and primary place of business. It indicates that the company is operating within its home state and is subject to the laws and regulations of that state. The state of incorporation grants the corporation certain legal rights and protections, including the ability to enter contracts, own assets, and engage in commercial activities.
A domestic corporation is distinct from a foreign corporation, which refers to a company that is incorporated in one state but conducts business activities in other states. Foreign corporations are required to register with the additional states in which they operate and comply with the respective state's laws and regulations.
In summary, a domestic corporation is a term used to describe a company that conducts its business operations within the state in which it was created. It signifies that the corporation is operating in its home state and is subject to the laws and regulations of that state.
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some experts cite the failure to include the harmful environmental costs in the ____ of the goods and services as one of the major causes of the environmental problems we face.
Some experts cite the failure to include the harmful environmental costs in the prices of goods and services as one of the major causes of the environmental problems we face.
The failure to account for the harmful environmental costs in the prices of goods and services is often referred to as "externalizing" or "ignoring" the environmental costs. When goods and services are produced and consumed, they often generate negative environmental impacts such as pollution, resource depletion, and habitat destruction. However, these costs are not typically reflected in the market prices of the products. As a result, producers and consumers do not fully bear the environmental costs associated with their actions. This leads to an inefficient allocation of resources and incentivizes activities that harm the environment. By not including the environmental costs in the prices, the true value of natural resources and ecosystems is not accounted for, leading to overconsumption and unsustainable practices. Including the harmful environmental costs in the prices of goods and services is seen as a way to internalize these costs and align market incentives with environmental sustainability. It encourages businesses and consumers to consider the environmental impact of their choices and promotes the development and adoption of cleaner and more sustainable technologies and practices.
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FILL IN THE BLANK the transmittal of wage and tax statements, form w-3, is submitted to the social security administration and reports the total _____________.
The transmittal of wage and tax statements, Form W-3, is submitted to the Social Security Administration and reports the total earnings subject to taxation.
The term that fills in the blank is "earnings subject to taxation." The purpose of Form W-3 is to provide a summary of wage and tax information for employees to the Social Security Administration (SSA). It is submitted by employers along with copies of individual employee's Wage and Income tax Statements, Form W-2.
Form W-3 includes important information such as the total wages, tips, and other compensation paid to employees during the tax year. This includes both taxable and non-taxable earnings subject to Social Security, Medicare, and federal income tax withholding.
By submitting Form W-3 to the SSA, employers ensure that the government has accurate records of the earnings subject to taxation. This information is used to determine an employee's eligibility for various Social Security benefits, such as retirement, disability, and survivor benefits.
Overall, Form W-3 plays a crucial role in maintaining accurate wage and tax records, facilitating the administration of social security benefits, and ensuring compliance with tax regulations.
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Sam allocates his income between milk and cereal. Milk costs $2.50 per gallon, and cereal costs $5.00 per box. Sam has $50 each week to spend on both goods. The table shows Sam's marginal utility (MU) for varying levels of milk and cereal consumption. Given the information provided, how should Sam allocate his income between milk and cereal to arrive at the optimal consumption bundle? Sam should purchase ____ gallons of milk and _____ boxes of cereal.
Sam allocates his income between milk and cereal. Milk costs $2.50 per gallon, and cereal costs $5.00 per box. Sam has $50 each week to spend on both goods. The table shows Sam's marginal utility (MU) for varying levels of milk and cereal consumption. Sam should purchase 2 gallons of milk and 1 box of cereal to arrive at the optimal consumption bundle.
The marginal utility per dollar spent on each good. This is done by dividing the marginal utility of each good by its price.
From the given data, we can see that the closest ratio is between 2 gallons of milk and 1 box of cereal:
MU/$ per gallon of 2 gallons of milk = 10.00
MU/$ per box of 1 box of cereal = 10.00
Therefore, Sam should purchase 2 gallons of milk and 1 box of cereal.
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Which one of the following is not on the menu of strategic choices that a company should consider to complement and supplement its decision to pursue one of the five generic competitive strategy options? o What role the company's website should play in its overall strategy to be a successful performer o Whether to pursue a market share leadership strategy o When to undertake strategic moves--whether advantage or disadvantage lies in being a first- mover, a fast follower, or a late-mover o Whether to integrate forward or backward into more stages of the industry value chain o Whether to bolster the company's market position and competitiveness via acquisition or merger
The option that is not on the menu of strategic choices that a company should consider to complement and supplement its decision to pursue one of the five generic competitive strategy options is "What role the company's website should play in its overall strategy to be a successful performer." While having a strong online presence and utilizing digital marketing tactics can certainly complement a company's chosen competitive strategy.
It is not one of the five main options that a company should consider. These five options include market penetration, market development, product development, diversification, and cost leadership. Each of these strategies requires different approaches and tactics to achieve success, and companies must carefully consider which one is the most appropriate for their business.
Other factors that companies should consider when making strategic decisions include their target market, competition, industry trends, and internal capabilities and resources. By carefully evaluating these factors and choosing the right competitive strategy, companies can position themselves for long-term success and growth. The correct answer is "What role the company's website should play in its overall strategy to be a successful performer."
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