__________ is a pact that originated in 1988 to establish a free trade area now including Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay.

If a company is in the situation of having unlimited capital funds, the best decision rule, considering only financial factors, is for the company to invest in all projects in which the expected return on investment (ROI) is greater than the cost of capital.

If a company is in the situation of having unlimited capital funds, the best decision rule, considering only financial factors, is for the company to invest in all projects in which the expected return on investment (ROI) is greater than the cost of capital. The cost of capital is the rate of return that investors require to provide funding to the company. The expected ROI, on the other hand, is the amount of profit that the company expects to earn from a project, expressed as a percentage of the initial investment. By investing in all projects that have an expected ROI greater than the cost of capital, the company can maximize its overall profitability and generate the highest possible return on its investment. However, it is important to note that financial factors are not the only considerations that a company should take into account when making investment decisions. Other factors, such as strategic alignment, operational feasibility, and market demand, may also be important considerations that could impact the ultimate success of a project. Therefore, companies should take a balanced approach that considers both financial and non-financial factors when making investment decisions.

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False.The marginal rate of substitution (MRS) is the rate at which a consumer is willing to trade one good for another while maintaining the same level of utility.

Mathematically, MRS is equal to the ratio of the marginal utility of good x to the marginal utility of good y.

MRS = MUx / MUy

The price of the goods does not directly enter into the formula for MRS. However, the prices of the goods are indirectly related to MRS through the consumer's budget constraint. The consumer will choose the combination of goods that maximizes utility subject to their budget constraint, which is determined by the prices of the goods and the consumer's income.

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The most effective PR approach for 21 Vitality Corporation to establish credibility for their new line of cutting-edge vitamins would be through thought leadership.

This approach involves positioning the company as an expert in the field by creating informative and educational content that highlights the benefits and unique features of their product. This can be done through blog posts, social media content, and speaking engagements at industry events. By demonstrating their expertise and knowledge in the field, 21 Vitality Corporation can build trust with their target audience and establish themselves as a credible source for high-quality vitamins. Additionally, collaborating with industry experts and influencers can also further enhance their credibility and increase brand awareness. he corporation should engage in thought leadership activities, such as publishing research articles and white papers to demonstrate expertise in the industry. Furthermore, hosting webinars or seminars to educate consumers about the benefits and unique features of the vitamins will help to build trust and credibility with the target audience.

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To value the business today, we need to calculate the present value of all future cash flows. We have only one cash flow in the fourth year, which is $150,000. To calculate the present value of this cash flow, we need to use the formula PV = CF/(1+r)^n, where PV is the present value, CF is the future cash flow, r is the discount rate, and n is the number of years until the cash flow is received. So, the present value of the cash flow in the fourth year is:

PV = 150,000/(1+0.14)^4
PV = $85,518.10

Next, we need to calculate the present value of the annual payments for the next five years, which are growing at a rate of 4% per year. We can use the formula for a growing perpetuity, which is PV = CF/(r-g), where g is the growth rate. The cash flows in this case are the annual payments, which are $150,000 growing at a rate of 4% per year. So, the present value of the annual payments is:

PV = 150,000/(0.14-0.04) * (1-(1.04/1.14)^5)
PV = $1,022,664.78

Finally, we add the present values of the cash flows in the fourth year and the annual payments for the next five years to get the total present value of the business today:

Total PV = $85,518.10 + $1,022,664.78
Total PV = $1,108,182.88

Therefore, the value of the business today, given the assumptions provided, is $1,108,182.88.

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The promised yield on the corporate bond is 10.53%.

To calculate the promised yield on a corporate bond, we can use the following formula:

Promised yield = (Face value - Price)/Price

where the Face value is the amount the bond will pay at maturity.

In this case, the face value of the bond is $1,050 and the current price is $950. Plugging these values into the formula, we get:

Promised yield = (1,050 - 950)/950 = 0.1053 or 10.53%

Therefore, the promised yield on the corporate bond is 10.53%.

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Forecast for September = Smoothing constant x (Actual usage for August) + (1 - Smoothing constant) x (Forecast for August)

Forecast for September = 0.1 x 89.6 + 0.9 x 88

Forecast for September = 88.64

Rounded to two decimal places, the forecast for September is 88.64 percent of capacity.

b. To prepare a forecast for October usage, we need to first update the smoothing parameters using the actual usage for September:

Updated forecast for September = 0.1 x 92 + 0.9 x 88.64

Updated forecast for September = 89.78

Now we can use this updated forecast to calculate the forecast for October:

Forecast for October = Smoothing constant x (Actual usage for September) + (1 - Smoothing constant) x (Forecast for September)

Forecast for October = 0.1 x 92 + 0.9 x 89.78

Forecast for October = 90.35

Rounded to two decimal places, the forecast for October is 90.35 percent of capacity.

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Total estimated manufacturing overhead is $900,000 and total estimated activity is 30,000 machine-hours. The plantwide overhead rate is $ 30 per machine-hour.

To calculate the plantwide overhead rate, we divide the total estimated manufacturing overhead by the total estimated activity level.

Plantwide overhead rate = Total estimated manufacturing overhead / Total estimated activity level

Plantwide overhead rate = $900,000 / 30,000 machine-hours

Plantwide overhead rate = $30 per machine-hour

Therefore, the plantwide overhead rate is $30 per machine-hour.

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Expansionary monetary policy in Hamsterville is likely to have the following effects:

1. Interest Rates: Expansionary monetary policy involves increasing the money supply, which typically leads to a decrease in interest rates. By injecting more money into the economy, the central bank aims to stimulate borrowing and spending, which can lower interest rates and make credit more accessible. Lower interest rates encourage investment and consumption, thereby promoting economic activity.

2. Price Level: Expansionary monetary policy can contribute to an increase in the price level or inflation. By increasing the money supply, there is more money available for spending, which can lead to higher demand for goods and services. When demand exceeds supply, prices tend to rise. Therefore, expansionary monetary policy can put upward pressure on the price level.

3. Exchange Rate: Expansionary monetary policy may result in a depreciation of the snark's exchange rate relative to other currencies. When the central bank increases the money supply, it can create an oversupply of the currency, reducing its value. A lower value of the snark relative to other currencies means that it will take more snarks to buy the same amount of foreign currency. As a result, the exchange rate of the snark may weaken.

It's important to note that the exact impact of expansionary monetary policy on interest rates, the price level, and the exchange rate can vary depending on various factors such as the overall economic conditions, market expectations, and the effectiveness of the policy implementation by the central bank.

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Gerald Wilkins owns home worth $330,000, a car worth $19,750, some investments worth $650,000 and the personal assets worth is $34,000. He still owes $160,000 on mortgage and $5,700 car loan. Then, the net taxable estate is $868,050.

To calculate Gerald Wilkins' net taxable estate, we need to first calculate the value of his total assets and then subtract his debts and any allowable deductions.

Value of Total Assets;

Home = $330,000

Car = $19,750

Investments = $650,000

Other Personal Assets = $34,000

Total Assets = $330,000 + $19,750 + $650,000 + $34,000

= $1,033,750

Debts;

Mortgage = $160,000

Car Loan = $5,700

Total Debts = $160,000 + $5,700 = $165,700

Net Taxable Estate'

Net Taxable Estate = Total Assets - Total Debts - Allowable Deductions

Assuming there are no additional deductions, we can calculate the net taxable estate as;

Net Taxable Estate = $1,033,750 - $165,700

= $868,050

Therefore, net taxable estate is $868,050.

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The Commercial Crime insuring agreement that would cover the loss in this scenario is the Employee Theft insuring agreement.

The Employee Theft insuring agreement provides coverage for losses caused by dishonest acts committed by an employee, including theft of property. In this case, the employee was carrying documents detailing trade secrets and was robbed of them, which would be considered a theft of property.

It's important to note that the Employee Theft insuring agreement typically requires that the theft be committed by an employee with the intent to cause a loss, and the loss must be discovered within a certain time period.

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Under SEC Rule 605 of Regulation NMS, market centers are required to provide monthly reports on their order execution practices. These reports must include information such as fill rates, rates of price improvement, and the speed of executions. However,  A. trading volumes are not a required piece of information that market centers must disclose.

Fill rates refer to the percentage of customer orders that are filled in their entirety, while price improvement rates refer to the percentage of orders that receive a better price than the national best bid or offer. The speed of executions refers to the time it takes for an order to be filled from the moment it is received by the market center.

Market centers must disclose this information to ensure that investors have a clear understanding of the market's execution quality and how their orders are being executed. By providing this information, investors can make informed decisions about which market centers to use for their trades.

While trading volumes are an important piece of information to consider when evaluating a market center, they are not required to be disclosed under SEC Rule 605. Nevertheless, investors may still consider this information when selecting a market center, as higher trading volumes may indicate greater liquidity and tighter bid-ask spreads.            

Therefore the correct option is A.

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To calculate the break-even point in sales dollars, we need to use the following formula:
Break-even point = Fixed costs / (1 - Variable cost percentage). The break-even point in sales dollars is $2,179,487.18.

Plugging in the given values, we get:
Break-even point = $850,000 / (1 - 0.61)
Simplifying the denominator, we get:
Break-even point = $850,000 / 0.39
Calculating the numerator, we get:
Break-even point = $2,179,487.18
In simple terms, the break-even point is the level of sales at which a business generates enough revenue to cover its fixed and variable costs. Fixed costs are expenses that do not change regardless of the level of production or sales, such as rent, salaries, and insurance. Variable costs, on the other hand, are expenses that vary based on the level of production or sales, such as raw materials and commissions.

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Interest expense reported during the year totaled $1,875, while amortization amounted to $132.  The book value of the bond on December 31 is $30,000 - $1,975 = $28,025.

Investco issued $30,000 of 6.25% bonds at a discount of $2,107 on January 1. The discount is the difference between the face value of the bond and the amount actually received by the issuer. In this case, the amount actually received by Investco was $30,000 - $2,107 = $27,893. The annual interest payment on the bond is calculated as $30,000 x 6.25% = $1,875. The bond discount of $2,107 is amortized over the life of the bond, which is 10 years. The amortization amount is calculated as $2,107 / 10 = $211 per year. Therefore, the interest expense reported during the year is $1,875 and the amortization amount is $132. The total expense for the year is $1,875 + $132 = $2,007. The book value of the bond on December 31 is calculated as the face value of the bond minus the unamortized discount. The unamortized discount at the end of the year is calculated as the total discount minus the amount of discount that has been amortized, which is $2,107 - $132 = $1,975. Therefore, the book value of the bond on December 31 is $30,000 - $1,975 = $28,025.

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The poverty line is a level of income used to determine the minimum amount of money required to meet basic needs.

It is defined as the amount of income that is necessary for a person or household to be able to afford basic necessities such as food, housing, and healthcare. The poverty line varies by country and is typically calculated as a percentage of the median income level. In the United States, the poverty line is determined by the federal government and is updated annually. It is currently calculated as three times the cost of a minimum food budget. The poverty line is an important metric used to assess the economic well-being of individuals and families and to determine eligibility for government assistance programs.

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Determining which products should be produced when the plant is operating at full capacity is referred to as a(n) "capacity utilization decision" or "production planning decision."

This involves selecting the most profitable combination of products to produce, considering the available resources and the demand for the products. Determining which products should be produced when the plant is operating at full capacity is referred to as production planning. Production planning involves analyzing demand, available resources, and production capabilities to determine the most efficient and effective use of resources to produce products at full capacity. This includes determining which products should be prioritized based on demand, production costs, and profitability, and ensuring that the production process is optimized to produce the desired products at full capacity.

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On December 31, Sheridan Company needs to prepare the remaining closing entries to close its temporary accounts and transfer the balances to the permanent account.

The temporary accounts to be closed include Service Revenue, Supplies Expense, Salaries and Wages Expense, Utilities Expense, and Rent Expense.
To close the revenue account, Sheridan Company should debit Service Revenue and credit Income Summary for the total revenue earned during the period, which is $82,080.
To close the expense accounts, Sheridan Company should debit Income Summary for the total expenses incurred during the period, which is $54,720 ($4,560 Supplies Expense + $30,400 Salaries and Wages Expense + $6,080 Utilities Expense + $13,680 Rent Expense). Sheridan Company should credit each individual expense account for their respective balances.
Next, Sheridan Company should transfer the net income or loss for the period to the retained earnings account. Since Sheridan Company earned a net income of $27,360 ($82,080 - $54,720), the Income Summary account should be debited and the Retained Earnings account should be credited for the same amount.
Finally, Sheridan Company should close the Dividends account by debiting Retained Earnings and crediting Dividends for the total amount paid out during the period, which is $16,720.
The closing entries for Sheridan Company are as follows:
Date     Account Titles and Explanation      Debit   Credit
Dec. 31  Service Revenue                      82,080
        Income Summary                                   82,080
Dec. 31  Income Summary                       54,720
        Supplies Expense                     4,560
        Salaries and Wages Expense           30,400
        Utilities Expense                    6,080
        Rent Expense                         13,680
Dec. 31  Income Summary                                   27,360
        Retained Earnings                                27,360
Dec. 31  Retained Earnings                    16,720
        Dividends                                         16,720

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The money market refers to a) A collection of highly liquid short-term. This market involves the trading of short-term debt instruments, such as treasury bills and commercial paper, between various financial institutions and investors.

Money market refers to a) A collection of highly liquid short term investments. This includes financial instruments such as Treasury bills, commercial paper, and certificates of deposit that have maturities of less than one year. These investments are considered low-risk and provide investors with a way to earn a modest return on their money while maintaining high levels of liquidity. Money market funds, which invest in these types of instruments, are a popular choice for investors who want to earn a competitive return on their cash reserves without taking on significant risk. In contrast, the market on which different currencies are bought and sold is known as the foreign exchange market, while the market the Federal Reserve uses to buy up old bills and coins is called the open market. I hope this provides a thorough and long answer to your question.

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Nominal gross domestic product (GDP) is a poor measure of economic growth because it does not consider changes in prices or population growth.

Nominal GDP measures the total value of goods and services produced in an economy without adjusting for inflation or deflation, which can lead to misleading interpretations of economic performance. Additionally, it does not account for changes in population growth, which can impact the overall standard of living in a country.

While nominal GDP does include investment by private businesses, government spending, and the balance of imports and exports, it is the lack of adjustment for price changes and population growth that makes it a less reliable indicator of economic growth.

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The problems Amra experienced at the restaurant, which sent her to the hospital, should be handled by the county health department.

The county health department is responsible for ensuring that restaurants and other food establishments comply with health and safety regulations. This includes conducting inspections of restaurants and investigating complaints related to food safety and hygiene.

In this case, if Amra had an unpleasant experience at the restaurant that resulted in her being sent to the hospital, it is likely that there was a violation of health and safety regulations. Amra should file a complaint with the county health department, which would then investigate the matter and take appropriate action, such as issuing a citation or closing the restaurant if necessary.

While mediation and arbitration can be used to resolve disputes between parties, they may not be appropriate in this situation as the primary concern is public health and safety. Similarly, while a doctor who treated Amra may be able to provide medical assistance, they would not be responsible for handling the problems at the restaurant. Finally, a lawsuit may be an option, but it would likely be more effective to first file a complaint with the county health department, which has the authority to take action to ensure public health and safety.

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The performance measurement system that combines information from most or all possible sources is known as a 360-degree performance appraisal. This type of appraisal gathers feedback from multiple sources including the employee, their peers, subordinates, and subordinates, providing a comprehensive view of the employee's performance.

This measurement system is particularly useful for identifying areas for improvement, as well as recognizing employee strengths. One of the techniques used within the 360-degree performance appraisal is the critical incidents technique. This involves collecting specific examples of an employee's behavior that demonstrate exceptional performance or areas for improvement. These incidents are then used as the basis for discussion during the appraisal process. Utilizing a measurement system that incorporates various sources of feedback provides a more accurate and comprehensive assessment of employee performance, enabling organizations to make more informed decisions regarding promotions, training, and development.

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The body of law that deals with disputes between private entities such as individuals, groups, and corporations is known as civil law.

Civil law covers a wide range of legal issues, including contract disputes, property disputes, personal injury claims, and family law matters. The main goal of civil law is to provide individuals and entities with a legal framework for resolving their disputes and enforcing their rights. In a civil lawsuit, the plaintiff brings a claim against the defendant seeking compensation or some other form of legal relief.

The court then considers the evidence and arguments presented by both sides and makes a decision based on the applicable laws and legal principles. Civil law is an essential part of our legal system and helps to ensure that individuals and entities are held accountable for their actions and can seek justice in the event of a dispute.

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Path 3 is the critical path as it is the longest path, taking 15 days to complete. Any delays in the activities on this path will delay the entire project.

The critical path is the longest path through the network, which is determined by adding up the durations of all the activities on each path.

In this case, the durations of the three paths are as follows:

Path 1: 3 days + 4 days + 2 days = 9 days

Path 2: 4 days + 5 days + 5 days = 14 days

Path 3: 2 days + 3 days + 10 days = 15 days

Therefore, Path 3 is the critical path as it is the longest path, taking 15 days to complete. Any delays in the activities on this path will delay the entire project.

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When the long-run average cost (LRAC) decreases as output increases, a firm is experiencing economies of scale.

This is because fixed costs, such as machinery and infrastructure, can be spread over a larger output. In addition, there may be lower input costs due to bulk discounts and the ability to negotiate better prices with suppliers. Technical economies of scale result from the use of more efficient technology, which allows firms to produce more output with fewer resources.

Managerial economies of scale occur when firms can reduce management costs by managing larger volumes of output. They allow firms to lower their costs, increase their profit margins, and gain a larger market share. After a certain point, the increasing output may lead to diseconomies of scale, where the LRAC begins to increase as output increases due to issues such as congestion and coordination problems.

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Fran will include $1,650 of the first quarterly payment in her gross income.


To determine how much of the first quarterly payment Fran will include in her gross income, we first need to calculate the taxable portion of each payment. This is done using the exclusion ratio, which is the original investment divided by the expected return.

In this case, the original investment is $99,000 and the expected return is $26,400 per year (or $6,600 per quarter). Therefore, the exclusion ratio is 99,000 / 26,400 = 3.75.

To calculate the taxable portion of the first quarterly payment, we multiply the payment amount ($6,600) by the exclusion ratio (3.75) and round to the nearest dollar. This gives us:

$6,600 x 3.75 = $24,750
Round to nearest dollar: $24,750 = $24,750

So Fran will include $1,650 ($24,750 / 15) of the first quarterly payment in her gross income.

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Sparkling Fragrances wants to place an advertisement in a magazine geared toward women.

When it comes to advertising in women's magazines, there are many options for Sparkling fragrances to choose from. The firm should consider the target demographic of the magazine and whether it aligns with their brand image and product offerings. Some popular options include fashion magazines such as Vogue and Elle, lifestyle magazines such as Cosmopolitan and Glamour, and beauty magazines such as Allure and Harper's Bazaar. Additionally, the firm may want to consider the circulation and readership of each magazine, as well as the cost of advertising in each publication. Ultimately, the magazine that Sparkling fragrances selects should be one that reaches their desired audience and provides a strong return on investment.

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The required return on the stock is 12%. This means that an investor would expect to earn a return of at least 12% on their investment in order to justify paying $40 for a share of stock that pays $2 in dividends and is expected to grow at a rate of 7% indefinitely.

This model takes into account the current stock price, the expected dividends, and the required return.
First, the expected dividend for the next year. Since the most recent dividend was $2, we can assume that the next dividend will also be $2.

However, since dividends are expected to grow at a rate of 7%, we can calculate the dividend for the following year by multiplying the current dividend by 1.07. So, the expected dividend for year two would be $2 x 1.07 = $2.14.
Next, we the present value of these future dividends.

To do this, we divide the expected dividend for year one by the required return minus the dividend growth rate. In this case, the required return is unknown, so we'll call it "r." The formula would be:
Present value of future dividends = expected dividend / (r - dividend growth rate)
$40 = $2 / (r - 0.07)
$40r - $2.80 = $2
$40r = $4.80
r = 12%
So, the required return on the stock is 12%

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One of the primary characteristics of advertising is that advertising is a paid form of mass communication.

This means that advertisers pay for space or time in a media platform, such as television, radio, print, or online, to deliver their message to a large audience. Unlike other forms of communication, such as public relations or publicity, advertising requires the advertiser to pay for the message to be delivered. This payment is usually based on the amount of space or time used, the size of the audience reached, or the number of clicks or impressions the ad generates online.

Advertising can take many forms, including print ads in newspapers and magazines, radio and television commercials, outdoor billboards and signs, online banners and pop-up ads, sponsored content, influencer marketing, and social media advertising. Each type of advertising has its own unique characteristics, advantages, and limitations, and advertisers must carefully choose the most appropriate format to reach their target audience effectively.

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Answer:

the answer is:

Explanation:

Data

hope this helps!

A firm should only undertake a project if its expected return is greater than or equal to that of a financial asset of comparable risk.

A financial asset is a tradable financial instrument that represents ownership of a financial claim or contractual right to receive money or another asset. Financial assets can take various forms, such as stocks, bonds, options, futures, currencies, and commodities. They are typically bought and sold in financial markets, such as stock exchanges and over-the-counter markets, and are used for various purposes, such as investment, speculation, hedging, and financing.

Financial assets are distinguished from real assets, which are tangible or intangible assets that have intrinsic value, such as real estate, machinery, and intellectual property. Unlike real assets, financial assets do not have inherent value but derive their value from the underlying assets or contracts they represent. For example, a stock represents ownership in a company, and its value reflects the company's profitability and growth prospects. A bond represents a loan to a borrower, and its value reflects the borrower's creditworthiness and the prevailing interest rates.

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Based on the payoff matrix for a duopoly, If the two firms collude to maximize joint profits, the total profits for the two firms will be $525 million.

D is the correct answer.

If both the firms choose the high price strategy, Firm 1 will earn $325 million and Firm 2 will earn $200 million resulting in the total profit of $525 million for the two firms. This is the highest possible profit they can achieve by cooperating with each other.

A duopoly is defined as two dominant firms that produce the same or comparable goods and services in a market or industry. The main factors that make up a duopoly are the interactions and effects that the firms have on one another.

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The complete question is:

Firm A: High price A = $250A = $325; High price B = $250B = $200

Firm B: Low price A = $200A = $175; Low price B = $325B = $175

Answer the question based on the payoff matrix for a duopoly in which the numbers indicate the profit in millions of dollars for each firm. If the two firms collude to maximize joint profits, the total profits for the two firms will be:

A. $350 million

B. $400 million

C. $500 million

D. $525 million