Wext is negative So energy is transferred from the system to the environment.
What is Work Done?
Energy can be transferred by the use of force. Work done refers to the amount of energy used by a force to move an object. As a result, there is a direct connection between Work and Energy.
The sum of the displacement and the component of the applied force of the object in the displacement direction is the work done by a force.
Using energy conservation
Ki + Ui + Wext = Kf + Uf + dEth
Using given values in graph
4 + 1 + Wext = 1 + 2 + 1
Wext = 4 - 5
Wext = -1 J
Since Wext is negative So energy is transferred from the system to the environment.
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at what fraction of speed of light must a particle move so that its K.E is one and a half time at its rest?
Relativistic kinetic energy can be expressed as Ek=mc2√1−(v/c)2)−mc2 where mm is rest mass, v is velocity, and c is the speed of light.
What is the kinetic energy of the speed of light?If the velocity of a body is bisected, its kinetic energy becomes one-fourth as kinetic energy is directly proportional to the speed quad. This formula examines the total rest mass energy and kinetic energy of motion.
This equation discloses that the kinetic energy of an object is directly proportional to the square of its speed. That means that for a binal increase in speed, the kinetic energy will increase by a factor of four. For a threefold growth in speed, the kinetic energy will increase by a factor of nine.
So we can conclude that An object at rest has no kinetic energy. But turn on its position, it will have a form of potential energy.
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An iron block in a furnace is heated and consequently expands, which means that its density is:____
An iron block in a furnace is heated and consequently expands, which means that its density is less.
Density -
Definition of density: A material's density is determined by how closely it is packed. As the mass per unit volume, it has that definition. Symbol for density: D or Formula for Density: Where is the density, m is the object's mass, and V is its volume, the equation is: = m/V.
The amount of matter that makes up a thing is referred to as its mass. Density refers to how closely together atoms are packed, or how close together they are in a substance. The concept of mass is used to quantify inertia. Contrarily, the degree of compactness is defined by density.
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A proton is released from rest inside a region of constant, uniform electric field 1 pointing due north.
29.8 s after it is released, the electric field instantaneously changes to a constant, uniform electric field 2 pointing due south. 7.65 s after the field changes, the proton has returned to its starting point. What is the ratio of the magnitude of 2 to the magnitude of 1? You may neglect the effects of gravity on the proton.
Another problem I've seen answers to but they're incorrect. Step by step solution would be very helpful so I can understand what it is I'm doing wrong. Thanks!
The ratio of the magnitude of 2 to the magnitude of 1 is 1.
How solve the problem?To solve this problem, we can use the concept of electric field and kinematics.
We know that the force acting on a proton due to an electric field is given by the equation F = qE, where q is the charge of the proton and E is the electric field.
Since the proton is released from rest, we can assume that the initial velocity of the proton is zero.
Using kinematic equations, we can find the final velocity of the proton after it has been in electric field 1 for 29.8 seconds.
v = at = Eq/m * t = Eq* t / m
where a is the acceleration of the proton due to the electric field, t is the time it spends in the field, m is the mass of the proton,
Now we can use the final velocity to calculate the distance traveled by the proton in field 1.
s = vit + 0.5at^2 = Eq* t^2 / 2m
Once the proton is in field 2, it will have a velocity in the opposite direction, and it will be acted upon by the new electric field 2, which will cause it to decelerate and eventually come to rest again.
vf = vi + at = -Eq* t / m
Now we can calculate the time it takes for the proton to come to rest again
s = vit + 0.5at^2 = Eq* t^2 / 2m
where s is the distance traveled by proton in field 2, vf is the final velocity of the proton, and vi is the initial velocity of the proton.
Now we can equate the distance traveled in field 1 and field 2 to the distance traveled in 7.65 sec.
Eq1* t^2 / 2m = Eq2* t^2 / 2m
Eq1/Eq2 = 1
So the ratio of the magnitude of 2 to the magnitude of 1 is 1
A fully charged capacitor with a voltage of 270 kV is discharged through a resistor.
(a) What is the voltage across the capacitor at the end of four time constants?
(b) At this time, what is the voltage across the resistor?
(I think part a has something to do with V=Vo x e^-4, and part b has something to do with the voltage across a resistor is always zero)
Therefore, V = IR = (3 A)(12 ) = 36 V is the voltage drop across the 12 resistor.
V = IR is the formula, where V is the voltage applied across the conductor, I is the current flowing through it, and R is the resistance the conductor offers to the current flow.
From a starting value of, the discharging current falls until it reaches zero. When the capacitor is entirely discharged, the potential difference across the capacitor plates goes from zero to zero.
T = R C is the formula for the time constant of the discharge. A completely charged capacitor will return to its initial voltage after one period. It is safe to suppose that a capacitor discharges in 5 time constants as a result.
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If the thickness of a uniform wall is doubled, the rate of heat transfer through the wall is. A. quadrupled. B. doubled. C. halved. D. unchanged .
If the thickness of a uniform wall is doubled, the rate of heat transfer through the wall is halved.
What is heat transfer?
Heat transfer is the movement of heat from one substance or material to another. Heat transfer takes place through three principal mechanisms: conduction, radiation, and convection.
What are the 3 types of heat transfer?
radiation.conduction.convection.How does thickness affect heat transfer?
The thicker the material, the more time it takes to transfer the same amount of heat.
What will happen to the heat transfer rate if you double the thickness of the insulation?
The higher the R-value, the greater the resistance to heat transfer. When you double the thickness of a material, the R-value also doubles but the thermal conductivity through the new total thickness is cut by half.
Thus, option c) halved is the correct answer.
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Determine distance between two charges Q1=500nC and Q2=- uC which interact with each force 670mN. The charges are immersion in the medium with relative permittivity Er=2 E0=8.85
The distance between the two charged particles is 0.082 m.
What is the distance between the two charges?The distance between the two charges is calculated by applying Coulomb's law of electrostatic force as shown below.
Mathematically, the formula for the force of attraction or repulsion between two charged particles is given as;
F = ( kq₁q₂ ) / ( r² )
where;
k is the coulomb's constantq₁ is the charge of the first particleq₂ is the charge of the second particler is the distance between the chargesr² = ( kq₁q₂ ) / ( F )
r = √ [ ( kq₁q₂ ) / ( F ) ]
The distance between the two charged particles is calculated as;
r = √ [ ( 9 x 10⁹ x 500 x 10⁻⁹ x 1 x 10⁻⁶ ) / ( 670 x 10⁻³ ) ]
r = 0.082 m
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object a is traveling due north while object b is traveling due south along the same line. the two objects have a head-on collision. which one of the following statements best describes the velocities of the objects after the collision?
Their end velocities might be similar or the same if object an is going in the same direction as object b, which is due north, while object b is moving in the opposite direction, due south.
They clash directly with one another. The beginning and final velocities would both be zero because of the momentum conservation law. In physics, an elastic collision is a collision between two bodies in which the total kinetic energy remains constant. In an ideal, elastic collision, there is no net conversion of kinetic energy into heat, noise, or potential energy. There is no kinetic energy lost after an exact elastic collision between two objects.
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9. Determine the torque on a 0.35 m long wrench if a force of 960 N is applied at an angle of 70°.
Answer:
Torque = 651.2 N·m
Explanation:
Step 1: Calculate the Moment of Force (Torque)
The moment of force (torque) is calculated using the formula:
Torque = Force x Length x sin (Angle)
Step 2: Substitute the Values
Torque = 960 N x 0.35 m x sin (70°)
Step 3: Calculate the Torque
Torque = 651.2 N·m
Six vectors (a through f ) have the magnitudes and directions indicated in the figure. (Figure 1)
1.Rank the vector combinations on the basis of their magnitude.
Rank from largest to smallest. To rank items as equivalent, overlap them.
O a+c
O f+c
O d
O a+b
O a+e
O a+d
1. The rank of the vector combinations on the basis of their magnitude is - a+b = a +d > a+c > f +c = d > a + e
What is the value of the vector?A physical quantity that has both directions and magnitude is referred to as a vector quantity. A lowercase letter with a "hat" circumflex, such as "û," is used to denote a vector with a magnitude equal to one. This type of vector is known as a unit vector.
Position, force, torque, velocity, and displacement are a few examples of vector quantities.
1. a + c
⇒ 2+1 unit
⇒ 3 unit
2. a + b
⇒ 2√2 unit
3. a + e
⇒ 2 -1
⇒ 1 unit
4. a +d
⇒ 2√2 unit
5. f+ c
⇒ 2 unit
6. a+d
⇒ 2√2 unit
7. f+c
⇒ 2 unit
8. a+b
⇒ 2√2 unit
9. a+e
⇒ 1 unit
10. a+c
⇒ 3 unit
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Complete Question -
Six vectors (a through f ) have the magnitudes and directions indicated in the figure. (Figure 1)
1.Rank the vector combinations on the basis of their magnitude.
Rank from largest to smallest. To rank items as equivalent, overlap them.
a+c
f+c
d
a+b
a+e
a+d
The experiment where everything is the same is the ----- (fill in the blank)
Answer: Constant Variable
Explanation: Constant variable is what stays the same during the experiment. In an experiment the dependent variable changes when changes are made to the independent variable. But in any experiment, the Constant variable stays the same.
An object with a mass of 9 kg weighs 80.1 N on Venus what is the acceleration due to Venus’s gravity?
A. 8.9 m/s^2
B. 9.8 m/s^2
C. 3.7 m/s^2
D. 1.6 m/s^2
The answer is Option A 8.9 m/s^2
What is the acceleration due to Venus’s gravity?Because an object's weight changes depending on the acceleration caused by gravity where it is placed, the weight of an object at two different planets will differ if these planets have different accelerations due to gravity. It can be computed by multiplying the object's mass by the acceleration caused by gravity in the location where the object is located.
You can use the equation GM 8 = R2 to get the acceleration brought on by gravity at a planet's surface. Venus' GM 8 is equal to 0.949 x 6052, or 6.47 x 1023. Consequently, 6.47 1023 N/m2 is the acceleration caused by gravity at the surface of Venus.The weight force on an object in a gravitational field is given by
F=mg
where m is the mass in kg and g is the acceleration due to gravity at that place.
Rearranging:
g=F/m
=266.130
=8.87 Nkg−1 or 8.9 ms−2
In light of the fact that Venus is just somewhat smaller than Earth in terms of both mass and radius, this response makes sense.
9.81Nkg−1 at Earth's surface.
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find the horizontal component of the electric field in n/c, taking east as positive.
Eh = - 209.625
The horizontal component of the electric field is -209.625 n/c.
What is Electric Field?
Electric fields are forces created by the presence of an electric charge. An electric field can be created by either a positive charge or a negative charge. Electric fields exert a force on objects with an electric charge, causing them to move and interact with each other. Electric fields can also be used to transfer energy from one place to another. Electric fields are produced by electric charges, or by time-varying magnetic fields. The electric field is a vector field, meaning it has both a magnitude and a direction associated with it at each point in space. The strength of the electric field is determined by the amount of charge present and the distance from the charge.
What does Magnetic field mean?
A magnetic field is an invisible force field created by an electric current or a magnet. It is an area of influence created by a magnet or electric current that can attract and repel other magnets or electric currents. Magnetic fields are used in a variety of applications, from consumer electronics to medical scanners.Magnetic fields are created by moving electric charges, such as electrons, and can be measured in units of teslas. They are responsible for the force that causes magnets to attract and repel each other, and they also determine the direction of the force.
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During photosynthesis, plants:
die and break down into the soil.
release hydrogen and water vapor into the air.
ONone of these choices are correct.
O remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
Answer:
Physical exercise is good for health
b) A car is traveling 15 m/s when it goes to pass a car. The car accelerates at a rate
of 2 m/s/s for 6 seconds. How fast is the car moving after the 6 seconds?
(X-axis)
The car is moving at 21 m/s after the 6 seconds.
This is because:
Initial velocity + (Acceleration x Time) = Final velocity
15 m/s + (2 m/s/s x 6 seconds) = 21 m/s.
The car is moving at 21 m/s after the 6 seconds.
This is because acceleration is the rate of change of velocity, so the velocity of the car increases by 2 m/s for every second it accelerates, which results in a total increase of 12 m/s in 6 seconds. Adding the initial velocity of 15 m/s, the car's final velocity is 21 m/s.
Acceleration is a fundamental concept in physics and it refers to the rate at which velocity changes over time. It can be expressed mathematically as the derivative of velocity with respect to time.
In the given scenario, the car's acceleration is 2 m/s/s which means that the velocity of the car increases by 2 m/s for every second that it accelerates. Therefore, in 6 seconds, the velocity of the car increases by:
= 2 m/s/s x 6 seconds = 12 m/sThe initial velocity of the car was 15 m/s and after 6 seconds of acceleration, the final velocity is:
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A car with a mass of 1200kg is traveling west at 25 m/s collides head on with highway barrier. The car comes to rest in 0.35 seconds . What is the magnitude of the force and the impulse applied to the car
The magnitude of the force and the impulse applied to the car are 85714 N and 30000 N-s respectively.
What is force?
The definition of force in physics is: The push or pull on a massed object changes its velocity. An external force is an agent that has the power to alter the resting or moving condition of a body. It has a direction and a magnitude.
The magnitude of the force applied to the car = change in momentum/time interval
= (1200 kg × 25 m/s - 1200 kg×0)/0.35 second
= 85714 N.
The impulse applied to the car = change in momentum
= (1200 kg × 25 m/s - 1200 kg×0)
= 30000 N-s.
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if light did not have a wave nature, would snell's law still be true? explain.
No, Snell's law would not still be true if light did not have a wave nature.
What is Snell law?
Snell's law, also known as Snell–Descartes law or the law of refraction, is a formula used to describe the relationship between the angles of incidence and refraction when referring to light or other waves passing through a boundary between two different isotropic media, such as water, glass, or air. The law is named after Willebrord Snellius, a Dutch astronomer and mathematician. In the most common form of Snell's law, the ratio of the sines of the angles of incidence and refraction is constant, and is known as the index of refraction for the media.
What is Wave Nature?
Wave nature is a property of particles that can be described by wave equations. This property allows particles to exhibit characteristics of both particles and waves, such as interference and diffraction. Particles that exhibit wave nature include electrons, protons, neutrons, and photons.
Snell's law states that the ratio of the sines of the angles of incidence and refraction is equal to the ratio of the velocities of light in the two media. Since light is a wave, it has a velocity. If light did not have a wave nature, it would not have a velocity, and therefore Snell's law would not be true.
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An 3.95mm tall object is 24.5cm from the center of a silvered spherical glass Christmas tree ornament 6.45cm in diameter.
a)What is the position of its image(measured from the center of the ornament)? in cm
b)What is the height of its image? in mm
The position of its image(measured from the center of the ornament)? in cm 18.05 cm; b)the height of its image 7.90 mm.
What is diameter?Diameter is a straight line passing through the centre of a cricle or other shape,or the length of such as milimeter, centimetres, Inches,and feet.
The position of the object's image is 18.05 cm from the center of the ornament, which is calculated by subtracting the object's distance from the center of the ornament (24.50 cm) from the diameter of the ornament (6.45 cm). The height of the image can be determined by multiplying the height of the object (3.95 mm) by the ratio of the object's distance from the center of the ornament (24.50 cm) to the radius of the ornament (3.225 cm). This gives 7.90 mm.
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a conservative force has the potential energy function u ( x ), shown by the graph above. a particle moving in one dimension under the influence of this force has kinetic energy 1.0 joule when it is at position x1. which of the following is a correct statement about the motion of the particle?
The following is the correct statement about the motion of particle : it cannot move / reach to either x0 or x2. And as this particle is having only one joule of kinetic energy it cannot overcome the required potential energy.
What is conservative force ?Conservative force is the force done in moving a particle from one point to another, such that force is independent of the path taken by particle. It depends on initial and final position of the particle. Gravitational and elastic spring forces are two examples of conservative forces.
Total work done by conservative force is independent of the path resulting in given displacement and is equal to zero when path is a closed loop.
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The particle will oscillate between -1J and -2J in potential energy and will never reach the points x0 and x2.
What is the energy of particle?If two objects collide, the total momentum before and after the collision will be the same if no external force acts on the colliding objects, according to the principle of conservation of momentum.
In x1, potential energy U(x1) = -2J
kinetic energy is V(x1) = 1 J
Total energy = U(x1) + V(x1) = -2J + 1 J = -1 J
Since the force is conserved then the total energy will also remain conserved.
That is, U(x1) = -1J - V(x1)
Since, kinetic energy ≥ 0
U(x1) ≤ -1J
Therefore from the graph we will be able to say that the particle will oscillate between range of potential energy that is -1J to -2J and also it will never reach the point x0 and x2 .
The graph is attached below:
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what is the hotrod's final speed, in meters per second, assuming fr = 1000 n?
In an experiment in meters per second, if fr = 1000 then the hotrod's final speed will be 4.47m/s
The final speed of the hotrod, in meters per second, is determined by the formula
Vf = (Mr/fr)√(2gh).
Using the given fr of 1000 n, Mr mass of 15 kg, g of 9.8 m/s² and h height of 5 m,
The final speed of the hotrod can be calculated as
Vf = (15 kg/1000 n)√(2×9.8 m/s²×5 m)
= 4.47 m/s.
The speed of a sound wave depends on the medium it is travelling through.
Therefore, the final speed of the hotrod is 4.47 m/s when fr=1000n
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What do wind turbines, hydroelectric dams, and ethanol plants have in common?
The spring is often when hydroelectric power is at its highest, when precipitation and snowmelt increase water runoff.
What do hydroelectric and wind energy have in common?Seasonal patterns are observed in both hydroelectric and wind power generation. The spring, when precipitation and snowmelt boost water runoff, is usually when hydroelectric power is at its peak. Across the nation, there are different seasonal patterns for wind generation, but spring and fall often see the highest levels.
Windmills and wind turbines are two often used forms of wind power. Each of these is a type of kinetic energy, which is essentially everything that moves. Despite the fact that both are wind energy technologies, they have a number of significant variances, beginning with their anatomical structures.
Wind turbines of this kind are most frequently found. The majority of them feature two or three long, thin blades that resemble an airplane propeller. In order to face the wind directly, the blades are positioned in this manner.
Therefore, the correct answer is option B. All use generators to produce electrical current
The complete question is:
What do wind turbines, hydroelectric dams, and ethanol plants have in common?
A. All produce electrical current with pollution
B. All use generators to produce electrical current
C. All convert gravitational potential energy to electrical current
D. All convert thermal energy to electrical current
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What is the magnitude of the force F on the -10 nC charge in the figure? Suppose that a = 1.8 cm.
The magnitude of the force is 1.39 * 10^-4 N.
What is the force?We have to note that the force that is acting between any two charges could be the force of attraction or it would be a force of repulsion. In the case of the forces that we have here, we would be talking about a force of attraction since we are dealing with opposite charges.
We have;
F = Kq1q2/r^2
q1 and q2 = charges
K = electric constant
r = distance of separation
F = force
Then we have;
F = 9 * 10^9 * 5 * 10^-9 * (-10 * 10^-10)/(0.018)^2
F = -4.5 * 10^-8/3.24 * 10^-4
F = -1.39 * 10^-4 N
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A sock stuck to the inside of the clothes dryer spins around the drum once every 2.0 s at a
distance of 0.50 m from the center of the drum. what is the sock's linear speed?
The sock's linear speed is 1.57 m/s.
What is linear speed?Linear speed is described as the measure of the concrete distance travelled by a moving object or the speed with which an object moves in the linear path is termed linear speed.
The sock spins once every 2.0 seconds, so its period is
T = 2.0 s
Therefore, the angular velocity of the sock is
angular velocity = 2π/ T
angular velocity = 3.14 rad/sec
The linear speed of the sock is given by
v = wr
where
w is the angular velocity
r = 0.50 m is the radius of the circular path of the sock
Substituting the values, we have that
v = wr = 3.14 x 0.50
v = 1.57 m/s.
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a 5.00 m long diving board with a mass of 6.6 kg is supported by two pillars. one pillar is at the left end of the diving board, as shown, and the other is 1.50 m away. find the forces exerted by the pillars when a 90.0 kg diver stands at the far end of the board
When a 90.0 kg diver stands at the far end of the board, forces are generated by the pillars -2060N.
In physics, pressure is a force that may change how an object moves. An object having mass can be directed by a force to increase in speed (e.g., from a state of rest). Pressure may also be conceptualised as a push or a pull. A pressure is a vector quantity since it has both value and direction.
The net force exerted on an object is equal to the rate at which its momentum changes over time, according to Newton's second law in its original version. This rule states that, if the mass of the object is constant, the acceleration of an object will be directly proportional to the net pressure acting on the object.
According to second law of motion,
Fnet=ma a=0,
[tex]& F_1+F_2-W_p=0 \\& F_1+F_2=W_p \\& F_1+F_2=90 \times 9.8[/tex]
Angular force for net torque,
[tex]$$\begin{aligned}& F_1 \times 0+F_2 \times d-m g L=0 \\& F_2=\frac{m g L}{F_2 \times 1.5}=90 \times 9.8 \times 5 \\& F_2=\frac{90 \times 9.8 \times 5 \mathrm{~N}}{1.5}\end{aligned}$$[/tex]
=2940N
[tex]& F_1+\frac{m g L}{d}-m g=0 \\& F_1=m g-\frac{m g L}{d} \Rightarrow 90 \times 9.8-\left(\frac{90 \times 9.8 \times 5}{1.5}\right) \\[/tex]
=-2060N
Negative sign indicate downwards direction.
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When a 90.0 kg diver stands at the far end of the board, forces are generated by the pillars -2060N.
According to the second law of motion,
Fnet=ma a=0,
[tex]F_{1}+F_{2} -W_{P} =0\\F_{1}+F_{2} =W_{P}\\F_{1}+F_{2} = 90*9.8[/tex]
Angular force for net torque,
[tex]F_{1}*0+F_{2}*D -mgL = 0\\ F_{2}= \frac{mgL}{ F_{2}*1.5}= 90*9.8*5\\ F_{2}=\frac{90*9.8*5}{1.5} =2940N[/tex]
[tex]F_{1}+F_{2} -W_{P} =0\\F_{1} = 90*9.8-F_{2}\\F_{1} =2060N[/tex]
In physics, pressure is a force that may change how an object moves. An object having mass can be directed by a force to increase in speed (e.g., from a state of rest). Pressure may also be conceptualized as a push or a pull. A pressure is a vector quantity since it has both value and direction.
The net force exerted on an object is equal to the rate at which its momentum changes over time, according to Newton's second law in its original version. This rule states that, if the mass of the object is constant, the acceleration of an object will be directly proportional to the net pressure acting on the object.
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Projectile is fired in such away that its horizontal range is equal to three times its maximum height. What is the angle of projection?
The horizontal range (R) of a projectile is defined as the horizontal distance it travels while in flight. It is equal to the product of the initial velocity (V) of the projectile, the sine of the angle of projection (θ), and the time of flight (T). R = V * T * sinθ
The maximum height (H) of a projectile is reached at the peak of its trajectory and is equal to the product of half of the gravitational acceleration (g), and the square of the time of flight (T) . H = (1/2) * g * T^2
Given that the horizontal range is equal to three times the maximum height, we can set up the following equation:
R = 3H
We know that R= V * T * sinθ and H = (1/2) * g * T^2
Substituting these equations into the first equation we get:
V* T * sinθ = 3(1/2) * g * T^2
Dividing both sides by T and simplifying, we get:
sinθ = (3/2) * sqrt(g/V)
If we know the value of g (gravitational acceleration) and the initial velocity of the projectile we can calculate the angle of projection. However, in general this is an inverse trigonometric function and the angle of projection is not a exact value, but it is defined in the range of values for the inverse trigonometric functions.
It's important to note that this equation assumes a level ground, no air resistance and constant acceleration due to gravity.
Which of the following physical properties would you expect for krypton (Kr)? O shiny O hard O conducts electricity O brittle O a gas at room temperature
Correct option is D, Krypton is a gas at room temperature.
Chemical element krypton has the atomic number 36 and the symbol Kr. It is a rare noble gas that is tasteless, colorless, and odorless. It is used in fluorescent lighting frequently together with other rare gases. Krypton is chemically inert, with a few exceptional exceptions.
Other than fluorine gas, nothing else reacts with it. Commercially, krypton is used as the refueling gas for fluorescent lights. Some flash lights used in high-speed photography also make use of it. It has a higher degree of reactivity than the lighter gases in its family and can produce some chemical compounds.
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A sample of 60/27 Co and a sample of 131/53 I both have N0 atoms at t=0. How long will it take until both have the same activity? (Use Appendix F in the textbook for half-life data.)
63 0.708 days is the correct answer .
What is Radioactivity ?
Radioactivity, the property of certain types of matter that spontaneously emit energy and subatomic particles. It is essentially a property of individual atomic nuclei.
Unstable nuclei either decay spontaneously or decay into more stable configurations, but only in some specific ways that emit specific particles or specific forms of electromagnetic energy. Radioactive decay is a property of some naturally occurring elements and artificial isotopes of elements.
The rate at which a radioactive element decays is expressed by its half-life. That is, the time required for half a given amount of isotope to decay.
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(5%) Problem 4: Suppose there is an astronaut who is traveling at a significant fraction of the speed of light Randomized Variables d = 4.25 ly v = 0.80227 c Part (a) How long, in years, does it take the astronaut to travel 4.25 ly at 0.8022 7c (as measured by the Earth-bound observer)? sin0 cos0 tan0 cotan0 asin0 acos0 atan0 acotan0 sinh0
cosh0 tanh0 cotanh0
ODegrees ORadians Part (b) How long does it take according to the astronaut in years?
The time it takes for the astronaut to travel 4.25ly at 0.80227c is 5.3yr as measured by the Earth-bound observer and 3.31yrs according to the astronaut.
Given the distance the astronaut would travel (d)= 4.25ly x 1c
The speed at which astronaut is travelling (v) = 0.80227c
The speed of light (c) = 3 x 10^8m/s
(a) The time taken for the astronaut to travel the distance d =Δt
We know that t = distance / velocity = d/v
Hence t = 4.25ly/0.80227c = 4.25 x c/0.80227 x c = 5.29
The time it takes for the astronaut to travel 4.25ly at 0.80227c is 5.3yr
(b) The time as per the astronauts perspective is calculated as from the given equation: γ = 1/√1-(v/c)^2
then γ = 1/√1-(0.8c/c)^2 So, γ = 1/√0.36 = 1.6
The proper time is calculated as: Δγ = Δt/γ = 5.3yr/ 1.6
Δγ = 3.31yr
Thus the time taken by the astronaut to finish the whole journey is 3.3yrs.
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An incoming ray of light has a vacuum wavelength of 589 nm.
a) If the light travels from tint glass (n = 1.66) to crown glass (n = 1.52) with an angle of incidence of 23.6 degrees, find the angle of refraction.
b) If the light travels from air to some medium with an angle of incidence of 14.9 degrees and an angle of refraction of 7.53 degrees, find the refractive index of the unknown medium.
c) If the light travels from air to diamond (n = 2.419) at an angle of incidence of 49.1 degrees, find the angle of refraction.
A vacuum of wavelength is an electromagnetic field with a frequency that has no medium to travel through and therefore no wave motion.
What does Electromagnetic field mean?
A physical field produced by electrically charged objects is known as an electromagnetic field. It has an effect on the behavior of charged objects in the field's vicinity. The electromagnetic field is infinite in space and describes electromagnetic interaction. It is one of nature's four fundamental forces.
We are given the following data:
The wavelength of the incoming ray of light is λ=589nm.
(a) We are given the following data:
The refractive index of the tint glass is n1=1.66.
The refractive index of the crown glass is n2=1.52.
The angle of incidence is θi=23.6∘.
The expression for the angle of refraction is using Snell's law is,
n1 sinθi =n2 sinθr
sinθr =
n1 / n2 x sinθi
Substituting the given values in the above expression, we will get
sinθr=1.66/1.52 x sin23.6∘
θr =sin−1
(0.43722)
=25.92∘
≈25.9∘
Thus, the angle of refraction is 25.9∘.
(b) We are given the following data:
The angle of incidence is θi =14.9∘.
The angle of refraction is θr=7.53∘.
The expression for the refractive index of the unknown medium is,
n1 sinθi=n2 sinθr
n2=n1 sinθi / sinθr
We know that the refractive index of air is n1=1.
Substituting the given values in the above expression, we will get
n2=1×sin 14.9∘ / sin7.53∘
=1.962
≈1.96
Thus, the refractive index of the unknown medium is 1.96 .
(c) We are given the following data:
The refractive index of the diamond is n2=2.419.
The angle of incidence is θi=49.1∘.
We know that the refractive index of air is n1=1.
The expression for the angle of refraction using Snell's law is,
n1 sinθi = n2 sinθr
sinθr = n1 / n2 x sinθi
Substituting the given values in the above expression, we will get
sinθr=(1 / 2.419)sin 49.1∘
θr= sin−1 (0.3124)
=18.20 ∘
Thus, the angle of refraction is 18.20∘.
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VT 106.00 V, IT = ?, R₁ = ?
V₁?, 11₁?, R₁= ?
V₂= 30.00 V, 12=1,
V3 31.00 V, 13= ?,
Solve for all the necessary parts of the circuit to answer the following
question:
What is the current (13) which is flowing through resistor three?
The current (I₃) flowing through the triple resistor is 1.55 Amperes.
The amount of electric current (I) flowing through a conductor or conductor will be directly opposite the potential difference/voltage (V) applied to it and inversely with the resistor (R).
From that sound, Ohm's law can be formulated mathematically into the following equation:
V = I x R
I = V/R
R = V/I
Information:
V = Voltage or difference or voltage, unit volts (V)
I = Current, the unit is amperes (A)
R = Resistance, the unit is ohms (W)
In the problem R₃ = 31.00 Ohm and V₃ = 20.00 V. So the current flowing from resistor three is
I₃ = V₃/R₃
I₃ = 31.00/20.00
I₃ = 1.55 Amperes
The current (I₃) flowing through the triple resistor is 1.55 Amperes.
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water, initially saturated vapor at 4 bar, fills a closed, rigid container. the water is heated until its pressure is 7bar. for the water, determine the heat transfer, in kj per kg of water. kinetic and potential energy effects can be ignored.
The water, determine the heat transfer, in KJ/Kg. Kinetic energy and potential energy effects can be ignored is 407.5kJ/kg.
From the properties of the saturated water pressure table;
At 4 bar and Saturated vapor
[tex]u_1 =[/tex] 2553.6 kj/kg
[tex]v_1 =[/tex]0.4625m³/kg
Since tank is rigid, volume remains constant therefore,
[tex]v_2 = v_1 =[/tex] 0.4625m³/kg
From the superhead water table
[tex]v_2 = v_1 =[/tex] 0.4625m³/kg And T_2 = 400°C
[tex]u_2 =[/tex]2961.1kJ/kg
Calculate the heat transfer for rigid tank
[tex]Q= u_2 -u_1[/tex]
= 2961.1 - 2553.6
= 407.5kJ/kg
Temperature is a bodily quantity that expresses quantitatively the perceptions of hotness and coldness. Temperature is measured with a thermometer. Temperature scales want values for definition: the factor chosen as 0 ranges and the magnitudes of the incremental unit of temperature.
Thermometers are calibrated in numerous temperature scales that traditionally have trusted numerous reference points and thermometric materials for definition. The maximum commonplace scales are the Celsius scale with the unit symbol °C (formerly called centigrade), the Fahrenheit scale (°F), and the Kelvin scale (ok), the latter being used predominantly for scientific purposes. The kelvin is one of the seven base units inside the global device of units (SI).
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Complete Question:
Water, initially saturated vapor at 4 bar, fills a closed, rigid container. The water is heated until its temperature is 400 degrees celsius. For the water, determine the heat transfer, in KJ/Kg. Kinetic energy and potential energy effects can be ignored.
The heat transmission from the water is measured in KJ/Kg. It is possible to ignore the effects of kinetic energy and potential energy at 407.5kJ/kg.
Temperature is a physical measure that quantifies how hot or cold something feels. A thermometer is used to determine temperature. The factor selected as 0 ranges and the magnitudes of the incremental unit of temperature are needed for the establishment of temperature scales.
Thermometers are calibrated using a variety of temperature scales, which historically relied on a wide range of reference points and thermometric materials to define them. The most widely used scales are the Kelvin scale (ok), which is mostly used in science, the Fahrenheit scale (°F), and the Celsius scale with the unit sign °C (formerly known as centigrade). One of the seven base units in the worldwide device of units is the kelvin (SI).
Based on the pressure table's characteristics for saturated water;
Saturated vapour at 4 bar
[tex]$$\begin{aligned}& u_1=2553.6 \mathrm{kj} / \mathrm{kg} \\& v_1=0.4625 \mathrm{~m}^3 / \mathrm{kg}\end{aligned}$$[/tex]
Tank's rigidity ensures that volume is constant; as a result,
[tex]$$v_2=v_1=0.4625 \mathrm{~m}^3 / \mathrm{kg}$$[/tex]
Super head water table, from
[tex]& v_2=v_1=0.4625 \mathrm{~m}^3 / \mathrm{kg} \\ { T_2 }=400^{\circ} \mathrm{C} \\& u_2=2961.1 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{kg}[/tex]
Calculate the rigid tank's heat transfer.
[tex]$$\begin{aligned}Q & =u_2-u_1 \\& =2961.1-2553.6 \\& =407.5 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{kg}\end{aligned}$$[/tex]
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Note: The complete question would be as bellow,
Water, initially saturated vapor at 4 bar, fills a closed, rigid container. The water is heated until its temperature is 400 degrees celsius. For the water, determine the heat transfer, in KJ/Kg. Kinetic energy and potential energy effects can be ignored.