The enzyme that glues the DNA fragments together is DNA ligase.
A DNA-joining enzyme is called DNA ligase. Ligase can join two sections of DNA that have identical ends together to create a single, uninterrupted DNA molecule. DNA ligase fills in the space left between the molecules in order to create a single piece of DNA. These small fragments of DNA are called as okazaki fragments.
In eukaryotes, okazaki fragments are brief sequences of DNA nucleotides that are synthesised intermittently and later joined by the enzyme DNA ligase to form the lagging strand during DNA replication. They are roughly 150–200 base pairs long.
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a large, smooth, rounded articulating oval structure on a bone is properly identified as a ______.
A couple of synovial joints of the body have a fibrocartilage form situated between the articulating bones. This is called an articular plate, which is for the most part little and oval-molded, or a meniscus, which is giant and C-molded.
Head - An adjusted, unmistakable expansion of bone that structures part of a joint. It is isolated from the shaft of the bone by the neck. The head is generally canvassed in a hyaline ligament inside a synovial container. It is the fundamental articulating surface with the neighboring bone, framing a "ball-and-attachment" joint.
The epiphysis is the adjusted finish of a long bone, at its joint with neighboring bone(s). Between the epiphysis and diaphysis (the long midriff of the long bone) lies the metaphysis, including the epiphyseal plate (development plate).
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Answer: condyle
Explanation:
what are the bone matrix rings that surround the central canal of each osteon called?
Endospores absorb the color, retain it, and are difficult to de-stain. Vegetative cells lack the spore wall, therefore when they are rinsed with water, they will rapidly lose the stain.
Why do vegetative bacterial cells and endospores have distinct appearances following endospore staining?The vegetative cells become colorless after being decolored with acid alcohol.Bacterial cells are difficult to absorb because of the negatively charged nature of the counterstain nigrosin.
What distinguishes a vegetative bacterium cell from an endospore?The endospore can be viewed as a dormant version of the cell, whereas the vegetative cell, which is the active form of bacterial cells (expanding, metabolizing, etc.), is the active form.
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How do sensory nerves differ in function from motor nerves?\
a.
Sensory nerves carry information away from CNS, and motor nerves carry information to the CNS.
b.
The PNS controls sensory nerves and the CNS controls motor nerves.
c.
Sensory nerves carry information to the CNS, and motor nerves carry information away from the CNS.
d.
The CNS controls sensory nerves and the PNS controls motor nerves.
To enable you to touch, taste, smell, and see, sensory nerves send messages to your brain. To move and operate, your muscles or glands receive instructions from your motor nerves (option b).
What is the ideal method for defining muscles?Do both cardiovascular and weight training. Muscle growth and definition are aided by resistance training. However, you'll also need to engage in some aerobic activity to burn calories and remove the additional layers of fat between the muscles.
What promotes faster muscle growth?After working out, eating adequate calories and protein aids in muscle growth and rehabilitation. Protein makes up muscle, so it's important to consume enough of it after strength training to prevent the breakdown of muscle protein and promote muscle synthesis.
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What are the parts of a sheep heart?
The sheep heart is a muscular pump with four chambers. It is around the size of a clenched hand in adults. Two thin-walled superior atria (single atrium) and two thick-walled inferior ventricles make up the four chambers.
The heart is suspended in the pericardium, a double-walled fibroserous sac. The sheep heart is more ventrally inclined than the human heart along its long axis, with a comparatively flat apex created entirely by the left ventricle.
Whilst the usual adult human heart weight body weight ratio is 5 g/kg,37 the ratio in sheep is 3 g/kg. The heart is divided into four chambers: the right atrium, the left atrium, the right ventricle, and the left ventricle.
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members of which bacterial phylum share a unique morphology?
a. oxygenic photosynthesis
b. Spirochaetes
c. At the base of cyanobacteria
The answer is (b) Spirochaetes. Members of which bacterial phylum share a unique morphology is Spirochaetes.
Microscopic organisms are a different gathering of microorganisms that can be tracked down anyplace on The planet. They are characterized into various phyla in view of their remarkable attributes, like their morphology, digestion, and living space.
One of these phyla, Spirochaetes, is known for its particular twisting shape, which separates it from different microorganisms. Spirochaetes are known to cause a few illnesses, including syphilis and Lyme sickness, which can be communicated to people through contact with contaminated creatures or ticks.
Another phylum, cyanobacteria, is remarkable in light of the fact that it is fit for oxygenic photosynthesis, and that implies that it produces oxygen as a result of photosynthesis. This cycle is significant for supporting life on The planet, as it delivers most of the oxygen in our environment. Cyanobacteria are likewise known for shaping huge, complex designs called stromatolites, which are probably the earliest known proof of life on The planet.
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A generic element, a, is composed of two isotopes, 208a and 204a. 208a has a natural abundance of 55% and an isotopic mass of 207. 98 amu, and 204a has a nautral abundance of 45% and an isotopic mass of 203. 97 amu. What is the average atomic mass of this element?.
The average atomic mass of the generic element a is approximately 114.39 amu.
The average atomic mass of an element is the weighted average of the atomic masses of its isotopes, where the weights are the relative abundances of each isotope.
To calculate the average atomic mass of the generic element a, we can use the following formula:
average atomic mass = (isotope 1 abundance x isotope 1 mass) + (isotope 2 abundance x isotope 2 mass)
In this case, we have two isotopes: 208a and 204a. We are given the natural abundances of these isotopes as 55% and 45%, respectively. We are also given the isotopic masses of these isotopes as 207.98 amu and 203.97 amu, respectively.
Substituting these values into the formula, we get:
average atomic mass = (0.55 x 207.98 amu) + (0.45 x 203.97 amu)
Simplifying this expression, we get:
average atomic mass = 114.39 amu
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The passing on of physical or mental characteristics genetically from one generation to another is called:__________
The passing on of physical or mental characteristics genetically from one generation to another is called heredity.
Heredity refers to the transmission of genetic information from parents to offspring, resulting in the passing on of physical and mental characteristics across generations. These traits are encoded in our DNA, the genetic material that determines everything from our eye color to our susceptibility to certain diseases. The process of heredity occurs through the passing on of genes, which are units of heredity that carry the instructions for the development and functioning of organisms. Through the complex interplay of genetics and environmental factors, heredity shapes who we are and what we become, influencing our physical appearance, personality traits, and overall health.
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how to tell if an egg is fertile with a flashlight
Look for a white network of blood vessels to determine the viability of the egg. The embryo is visible as a dark outline near the centre of the blood arteries.
How do you use a flashlight to check eggs?Angle the egg so that the light is shining near the egg's blunt end but away from the air cell as you hold the egg up to the flashlight (which is at the blunt end of an egg). Look at the egg's contents and the size of the air cell.
Will squeezing an egg cause it to crack?Although it seems simple, can you crack the egg? Despite having a reputation for being extremely fragile, eggs are incredibly robust. An egg can endure.
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Write a 2 paragraph essay describing the laws of thermodynamics. Use examples related to biology to support your ideas.
Answer:
The laws of thermodynamics are fundamental principles that describe the behavior of energy in physical systems. The first law of thermodynamics, also known as the law of conservation of energy, states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, but it can be converted from one form to another. This law is particularly relevant in biological systems, where energy flows through the ecosystem from the sun, through plants, to herbivores and carnivores. For example, photosynthesis converts solar energy into chemical energy in plants, which is then used to fuel the metabolic processes of herbivores and eventually carnivores. This process is a perfect example of the first law of thermodynamics in action, as the energy is not created or destroyed, but simply transferred between organisms in different forms.
The second law of thermodynamics states that the total entropy (or disorder) of a system always increases over time. In biological systems, this principle is evident in the fact that all living organisms require a constant input of energy to maintain order and complexity. As organisms consume food and convert it into energy, the waste products produced increase entropy and disorder in the system. This principle is also relevant in ecosystems, where energy flows from one trophic level to another, with a loss of energy at each step due to entropy. For example, when a carnivore eats a herbivore, only a small fraction of the energy is transferred to the predator, while the rest is lost as heat and used to increase the disorder in the system. Overall, the laws of thermodynamics provide a framework for understanding the behavior of energy in biological systems and have important implications for the way we manage and conserve natural resources.
Explanation:
RNA
Amoeba Sisters Video Recap
NAME:.
Amoeba Sisters Video Recap: DNA vs. RNA & Protein Synthesis UPDATED
Protein Synthesis Summary
Complete the missing information in the summary chart after watching the Amoeba Sisters Protein Synthesis video.
Process Name
Location
End Result
(in eukaryotic
cell)
Brief and
General
Description
TA
DNA
Transcription
RNA
AUGC
DNA coding
strand
RNA Polymerase
Translation
-DNA template
strand
Methionine
GU
กาบบ Haca
21.
25.
22.
26.
23.
27.
DNA
directly
involved?
(yes or no?)
24.
No
List RNA
type(s)
involved
(mRNA,
rRNA,
and/or
tRNA?)
mRNA
only
28.
29. Consider the illustration placed in the transcription box above. Identify and label on the illustration if any of
the following are present: DNA, mRNA, rRNA, tRNA, and/or amino acid.
30. Consider the illustration placed in the translation box above. Identify and label on the illustration if any of
the following are present: DNA, mRNA, rRNA, tRNA, and/or amino acid.
I
}
1
Transcription and translation are involved in protein synthesis. Transcription occurs in the nucleus, results in mRNA molecule, and directly involves the DNA template strand. Translation occurs in the cytoplasm, results in a new protein, and does not directly involve DNA, but involves mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA.
What are transcription and translation?Transcription and translation are two processes involved in protein synthesis.
Transcription occurs first in the nucleus. During this event, mRNA is synthesized by copying a segment of the DNA molecule. The template DNA strand is used to pair its nucleotides and grow the new mRNA strand.
Translation occurs in the cytoplasm. During this event, the protein is grown by reading the mRNA codon sequence. tRNA, associated with rRNA, recognizes the codons and adds the correct amino acid to the new growing polypeptide.
Table
Transcription
Location: NucleusGeneral description: mRNA synthesis using the DNA template strand.Ends result: mRNA moleculeDNA directly involved? YesRNA type involved? mRNATranslation
Location: CytoplasmGeneral description: protein synthesis following mRNA codon sequence.Ends result: proteinDNA directly involved? NoRNA type involved? mRNA, rRNA, tRNAYou can learn more about transcription and translation at
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renewal or modification of the cell membrane is a function of the
The Golgi apparatus 21 is responsible for cell membrane renewal or remodeling. Dietary lipids have the power to alter the fluidity and permeability of cell membranes, among other features.
The pattern of fatty acids acylated to glycerol in phospholipids may change depending on the saturation and isomerization of ingested fatty acids. All cells have a cell membrane, also known as a plasma membrane, which separates the interior of the cell from the external environment.
A semipermeable lipid bilayer makes up the cell membrane. The movement of materials into and out of the cell is controlled by the cell membrane. While the soluble proteins inside the vesicles are secreted to the extracellular space, the renewal membrane proteins and lipids in these vesicles supply fresh components for the cell's plasma membrane.
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what surface groove separates the right and left ventricles?
cardiovascular system function. The division between the ventricles on the front and rear surfaces of the heart is shown by shallow grooves termed the interventricular sulci that contain blood veins.
What kind of septum divides the left and right ventricles?The triangle wall with cardiac tissue that divides the left or right ventricular (— in other words, the lower chambers) of a heart is referred as the interventricular septum, often referred to as the ventricular septum. A muscular portion or a membranous portion can be separated from the total interventricular septum to form two additional sections.
What are sulcus and the septum?Hint: The four chambers of the human heart are separated by tissue-based walls. They are referred to as septa or sulcus. Between the atrium as well as the heart's ventricles is the coronary sulcus.
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What does Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats?
Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) is a genetic mechanism that provides bacteria and archaea with an adaptive immune system to protect against invading viruses or foreign genetic material.
The CRISPR system involves a complex of RNA molecules and proteins that can recognize and target specific sequences of DNA.The CRISPR system works by using short RNA sequences, derived from previously encountered foreign DNA, to guide a nuclease enzyme to a matching sequence in the invading DNA. Once the nuclease cuts the DNA, it is no longer able to replicate or express its genes, and the invader is neutralized.The CRISPR system has been widely adopted as a powerful tool in molecular biology research, as it allows for precise and efficient editing of DNA sequences in a wide range of organisms.
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can powdered sugar be substituted for granulated sugar
Yes, powdered sugar can be substituted for granulated sugar, but the result will be different due to the difference in texture.
In what type of recipes can powdered sugar be used as a substitute for granulated sugar?Powdered sugar can be used as a substitute for granulated sugar in recipes that require a fine, smooth texture, such as frostings, glazes, and some baked goods like meringues and macarons. In recipes that require the sugar to provide structure or caramelization, such as cookies, cakes, and breads, substituting powdered sugar for granulated sugar may not work as well.
What is the difference in texture between powdered sugar and granulated sugar?Powdered sugar is much finer and lighter than granulated sugar, and it has been ground to a powder with the addition of cornstarch. Granulated sugar is more coarse and has a larger crystal structure. This difference in texture can affect the way the sugar dissolves and interacts with other ingredients in a recipe, which can impact the final texture and structure of the finished product.
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In a single nucleotide, the phosphate group is attached to the 5' carbon of the sugar unit
True or false?
The nitrogen atom, pentose sugar, or phosphate a nucleotide. At its fifth carbon atom, phosphate joins with molecules of sugar. Also known as phosphates since they are phosphorylated forms of nucleosides.
How is the phosphate group attached to the sugar at C 5 '?The carbon atoms of the sugar molecules are numbered 1′ to 5′ proceeding clockwise from the oxygen atom The phosphate group is attached to the 5′ carbon atom of the sugar, and the base is attached to the 1′ carbon atom. There is an additional free hydroxyl group (–OH) attached to the 3′ carbon atom.
Do all nucleotides have a 5 carbon sugar?The monomer units of DNA are nucleotides, and the polymer is known as a "polynucleotide." Each nucleotide consists of a 5-carbon sugar (deoxyribose), a nitrogen containing base attached to the sugar, and a phosphate group.
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oxygen-poor blood enters which chamber of the heart?
Answer:
oxygen poor blood enters the right atrium
When you are looking at a bus across the street, the
in your eyes relax. This makes the suspensory ligament of the eye
and your lens becomes
, and less curved so it focuses the image on the retina. A property that enables the lens to change its shape is
.
When you are looking at a bus across the street, the ciliary muscles in your eyes relax.
What are ciliary muscles?Ciliary muscles are a ring of smooth muscle fibers that are located in the ciliary body, which is a part of the eye behind the iris. The complete solution is mentioned below:
When you are looking at a bus across the street, the ciliary muscles in your eyes relax. This makes the suspensory ligament of the eye loosen, and your lens becomes more flattened, and less curved, so it focuses the image on the retina. A property that enables the lens to change its shape is called accommodation.
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The question is incomplete, but most probably the complete question is,
When you are looking at a bus across the street, the _____ in your eyes relax. This makes the suspensory ligament of the eye ________
and your lens becomes _________, and less curved so it focuses the image on the retina. A property that enables the lens to change its shape is _________.
what is hematology oncology associates of the treasure coast?
Hematology oncology associates of the treasure coast is a medical institute that offers radiology, pharmacy, pathology, and medical services.
Hematology Oncology Associates of the Treasure Coast offers radiology, drugstore, pathology, and medical services. Hematologic oncology combines two fields of drug hematology, which is the study of the blood, and oncology, the study of cancer. Hematologic oncologists are trained in the opinion, treatment and forestallment of blood cancers and blood- related diseases. Hematologic malice differ from other types of cancer because they develop in the body's blood cells and may not form excrescences. While some hematologic oncologists have moxie in treating solid excrescences, utmost don't treat exploitable cancers similar as bone cancer or lung cancer.
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Which statement is false?
1.) Carbon dioxide is a waste product of cellular respiration.
2.) Cellular respiration releases energy for cells to use.
3.) Only animals perform cellular respiration.
Transmembrane proteins are able to span the hydrophobic portion of the bilayer because they have?
Transmembrane proteins are able to span the hydrophobic portion of the bilayer because they contain hydrophobic amino acids that are compatible with the hydrophobic environment of the lipid bilayer.
The lipid bilayer is composed of two layers of phospholipids, with the hydrophobic fatty acid chains facing inward and the hydrophilic polar heads facing outward.
Because water is excluded from the hydrophobic interior of the bilayer, any protein that spans the bilayer must contain hydrophobic regions that can interact with the fatty acid chains of the lipids.
Transmembrane proteins contain a hydrophobic transmembrane region, typically composed of alpha-helices or beta-sheets, which is capable of spanning the lipid bilayer. This hydrophobic region is usually composed of nonpolar amino acids such as leucine, isoleucine, and valine.
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which of the statements do you think best describes the way that base pairing stabilizes the double helix of dna?A., Shapes of complementary bases fit together like lock and key.
B., The arrangement of atoms allows precise hydrogen bonding.
C., Bases can pair as long as there are enough electronegative atoms.
D., Bases can pair as long as there are enough hydrogen atoms.
Option(B). is the statements describes the way that base pairing stabilizes the double helix of dna.
The phrase that best captures how base pairing stabilises the double helix of DNA is that the arrangement of atoms allows precise hydrogen bonding. Due to exact hydrogen bonds between particular base atoms (guanine and cytosine and adenine and thymine), the complementary base pairs (adenine and thymine) fit together. The two strands of the double helix are held together by hydrogen bonds that develop between the nitrogenous bases, specifically between the hydrogen atoms connected to the nitrogen atoms and the electronegative atoms (oxygen or nitrogen) in the complementary base. Although the lock and key metaphor from statement A can be a helpful approach to consider how the bases complement one another, it falls short of capturing the true nature of hydrogen bonding, which stabilises the double helix helix. Statements C and D are incorrect as they do not accurately describe the specific chemical interactions that occur between the complementary bases.
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the starchy endosperm plays what role in the barley kernel for the barley plant?
The endosperm, which is the biggest tissue in the barley grain, is commonly referred as the "starchy endosperm." The aleurone layer and the embryo, however
What is endosperm, and what does it do?
By providing nutrition, safeguarding the embryo, and regulating embryo growth by functioning as a mechanical barrier throughout seed development and germination, the endosperm plays a crucial part in sustaining embryonic growth.
What do you mean by endosperm?
After twofold fertilization, the endosperm tissue is found inside the seed of the majority of angiosperms. It nourishes the developing embryo and is high in proteins, carbs, and fats.
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The uterus serves as the site of implantation for the embryo, supports the developing embryo, and contracts during birth to expel the fetus. True or False?
The uterus acts as the location of embryo implantation, provides support for the growing embryo, and contracts during labor to push the fetus out. This statement is true.
The uterus is a vital reproductive organ in females, responsible for supporting and nourishing the developing embryo and fetus during pregnancy. After fertilization, the embryo implants itself in the endometrial lining of the uterus, where it receives nutrients and oxygen from the mother's blood supply.
The uterus grows and stretches to accommodate the developing fetus, and the muscular walls of the uterus contract during labor to push the fetus out through the cervix and vagina. The uterus is also involved in the menstrual cycle, which is regulated by the monthly growth and shedding of the endometrial lining.
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soils have four basic components. what important soil component is a by-product of the action of decomposers like bacteria and fungus?
Organic matter is an essential soil component produced by decomposers such as bacteria and fungi.
What is organic matter?Organic matter is defined as the remnants of living creatures or the byproducts of their decay. It contains plant and animal waste, as well as compounds generated by microbes such as fungus and bacteria. Organic matter is an essential component of good soil, supplying nutrients and energy to plants and other creatures. It is particularly important in carbon cycling and climate management since it can store huge amounts of carbon in the soil, lowering the quantity of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Organic matter may be found in a variety of natural and man-made habitats, including woods, agricultural areas, and compost piles.
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How does the comparison of the stages of embryological development of different species help biologists to classify life?
-It helps in understanding the similarities between living species and extinct species.
-It reveals anatomical similarities that are not always evident in fully formed organisms.
-It reveals differences in the environmental conditions necessary for species survival.
-It helps in understanding the different behavioral strategies in different individual organisms.
The study of different species' phases of embryological development aids biologists in classifying life by revealing evolutionary links between species. Option C is correct.
Similarities in embryonic development stages can indicate a common ancestor, and the degree of resemblance can reflect the evolutionary relationship's closeness. According to the idea of evolution, namely macroevolution, all living forms on Earth descended from a single common ancestor and developed over time into the extremely varied array of creatures that exist today.
The similarities in embryonic development among vertebrates (such as fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, & mammals) show that they have a common ancestor and are members of the same group. This data may then be used to categorize and arrange these species within the context of a wider categorization system. Consider the differences between chickens and humans. Although mature humans and adult chickens have little similarity, their embryos develop in a strikingly comparable manner. This shows that chickens and humans have a shared evolutionary ancestry.
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the ____________ phase of the action potential in cardiac muscle delays repolarization to the resting membrane potential in order to lengthen refractory period.
The third phase of the action potential, known as repolarization, is brought on by a rise in potassium permeability at cardiac muscle. Vagal stimulation at the SA node can further increase potassium permeability.
Cardiac muscle, along with skeletal muscle and smooth muscle, is one of three types of muscle tissues present in vertebrates. It is also referred to as heart muscle, myocardium, cardiomyocytes, and cardiac myocytes. An involuntary, striated muscle makes up the majority of the heart's wall. Between the outside (pericardium) and inner (endocardium) layers of the heart wall is a thick middle layer made up of the cardiac muscle (myocardium), which receives blood from the coronary circulation. The structure's individual cardiac muscle cells are covered by the extracellular matrix, which is made up of collagen fibres and other substances, and are connected by intercalated discs.
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The process by which glucose is formed from non-carbohydrate compounds is calleda.glycogenesisb.glycolysisc.glycogenolysisd.gluconeogenesis
Glycogenesis is the process by which glucose is created from substances that are not carbohydrates.
What is the procedure for producing glucose from non-carbohydrate sources?The process by which non-carbohydrate metabolites are converted into glucose is known as gluconeogenesis. The main gluconeogenic precursors include pyruvate and lactate, a few gluconeogenic amino acids, and glycerol, which is mostly produced during the breakdown of fat.
What is the process of making glucose known as?The most important step in releasing energy from glucose is called glycolysis, and its byproducts are two molecules of pyruvic acid. It happens over the course of 10 subsequent chemical events, resulting in a net gain of 2 ATP molecules from 1 glucose molecule.
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why is cell division important for multicellular organisms
Mrs. Lambert is teaching biology students the process of photosynthesis and its relationship with the carbon cycle. Mrs. Lambert asked the students to explain how photosynthesis takes part in the carbon cycle. You are the chosen one! Please describe how photosynthesis contributes to the carbon cycle!
Photosynthesis is a process that takes place in green plants, algae, and some bacteria, where carbon dioxide and water are converted into glucose () and oxygen ().
How carbon cycle takes part through photosynthesis?
The process of photosynthesis is driven by light energy from the sun, which is captured by chlorophyll in the plant and used to power the reaction. In photosynthesis, the carbon from the is incorporated into the glucose molecule and released into the atmosphere as oxygen. The glucose is then used by the plant as a source of energy and as a building block for other organic compounds, such as cellulose and starch. The carbon cycle is a series of processes that regulate the movement of carbon between the atmosphere, the land, the oceans, and living organisms. In the carbon cycle, photosynthesis plays a crucial role by removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and incorporating it into living plants.
In this way, photosynthesis helps to regulate the levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere by taking it up from the air and using it to build organic compounds and then releasing it back into the air through respiration and decomposition.
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As a woody stem grows, the epidermis is lost and its function is taken over by the _____.
a)periderm
b)pericycle
c)ground tissue
d)vascular cambium
e)secondary phloem
As a woody stem grows, the epidermis is lost and its function is taken over by the periderm. Hence option 'a' is correct.
What is the epidermis?The topmost layer of flesh on your body is called the epidermis. It defends your body from damage, keeps you hydrated, regenerates skin cells, and includes melanin, which gives your skin its colour.
What components makes up epidermis?Skin's epidermis is a stratified squamous epithelium that continuously regenerates. It is primarily made up of keratinocytes, but it also includes Langerhans cells, melanocytes, & Merkel cells. The keratinocytes are supported by the dermis, which also houses the nerve and arterial networks that supply the epidermis with nutrients.
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