Explain the cause and effect of at least ONE Islamic state in the Middle East, 1200-1450

Prior to September 11th, bin Laden and al-Qaeda had successfully carried out attacks against Americans and their allies in Nairobi, Kenya, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, and Jersey City, USA.

Al-Qaeda refers to a broad militant Islamist organization founded by Osama bin Laden in the late 1980s. It initially emerged as a logistical network to support Muslims fighting against the Soviet Union during the Afghan War. Upon the withdrawal of Soviet Union from Afghanistan in 1989, the organization dispersed but continued to oppose what its leaders considered corrupt Islamic regimes and foreign (i.e., U.S.) presence in Islamic lands.

In 1993, the World Trade Center was bombed for the first time in New York City with a bomb built in Jersey City which was driven into an underground garage of the World Trade Center. In 1995, a car bomb exploded at a facility in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia where the U.S. military was training Saudi National Guardsmen. In 1998, Al-Qaeda operatives carried out the bombings of the U.S. embassies in Nairobi, Kenya, and Dar es Salaam, Tanzania,

Note: The question is incomplete as it is missing options which are A) Madrid, Spain B) Nairobi, Kenya C) Riyadh, Saudi Arabia D) New York City, USA E) Tehran, Iran

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Relics were used as physical objects that were believed to have spiritual or religious significance and were venerated by certain religious groups. They were often associated with saints, martyrs, and other holy figures and were believed to have miraculous powers or to be imbued with spiritual power.

During Urbanization, these two cities in America saw the biggest increase in population were: New York and Chicago.

Population refers to the total number of people in a given area or region. It is typically measured by the number of people within a specific geographic area, such as a city, county, state, or country. The population of a particular area is an important determinant of its economic and social stability. Population size and growth can also be affected by a variety of factors, including natural disasters, fertility rates, migration patterns, and public health initiatives. Population growth can be beneficial, as it can lead to a larger workforce, increased economic output, and improved quality of life. However, population growth can also create challenges, such as overcrowding, increased competition for resources, and environmental degradation.

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A kind of serious violence known as lynching occurs when a crowd executes a victim without a courtroom hearing.

Lynching is a form of violence in which a mob executes a suspected wrongdoer after torturing and physically abusing him under the guise of dispensing justice without a trial. Lynch laws are self-constituted courts that sentence someone without following the proper legal procedures. Both words are derived from the name of Virginia plantation owner and justice of the peace Charles Lynch (1736–96), who presided over an unorthodox court established to punish loyalists during the American Revolution. In the past, lynching was used as a punishment by the Fehmic court of medieval Germany, a Halifax gibbet law (which executed offenders of stealing valued beyond a certain amount), and the Cowper justice (trial following the death) in the border areas of England. The Santa Hermandad police service in medieval Spain and ethnic cleansings towards Jews in Russia and Poland were comparable to these occurrences, despite the fact that in these instances there was legal backing from authorities.

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The statement which most accurately summarizes the drawing of cartoon is McKinley wanted to secure new territories, but took cautious steps before proceeding to war with Spain, which means option B is correct.

Political cartoons is a effective way to either praise or criticize a government and their policies and so it was widely used in the newspapers by opposing political parties to make people aware of the shortcomings of the rival party. It became a trending mainly during the time of elections. In the Spanish American war, McKinley was the US president who ordered Military forces to be deployed from Florida bases.

It became difficult for him to resist the movement of armed force in Cuba. Though the war can have huge repercussions, he believed that provocation of Spain would make them take a wrong first step and that would be the time he would suppress the nation and gather the hold over new territories.

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It is true that welfare programs were transferred to the states under the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act, which was passed in 1996.

After the 104th Congress passed the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 (PRWORA), President Bill Clinton signed it into law. The bill made significant changes to U.S. social welfare policy by replacing the Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) program with the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) program. One of the pillars of the Republican Party's "Contract with America" was Clinton's campaign promise to "end welfare as we know it," which was fulfilled by the law. Conservatives increased their criticism of AFDC in the 1980s, arguing that welfare recipients were "trapped in a cycle of poverty." Following the elections in 1994, the Republican-controlled Congress passed two significant bills to reform welfare, but Clinton vetoed them. After negotiations between Clinton and House Speaker Newt Gingrich, Congress passed PRWORA, which Clinton signed into law on August 22, 1996.

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Lewis observed Shoshone tribe that had mixed traits of the mountains and plains cultures, living part of the year on salmon and roots in the mountain valleys.

For many centuries, the Shoshone people inhabited the present-day states of Wyoming, Utah, Nevada, and Idaho. Several tribal members were able to move over considerable distances to hunt various species of game to support their family once horses were brought to the tribe in the early 1700s. Their Plains horse culture was well-known and, their way of life was radically altered.

They developed into skilled hunters and ferocious warriors as a result. After the Bear River Massacre, white settlers invaded traditional Northwestern Shoshone territories without any resistance. The few surviving Northwestern Shoshones lost the land base as American towns built all around them, making it impossible for them to continue living as nomads.

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Improvements in sanitation and cleanliness, the discovery of antibiotics, and the establishment of mandatory childhood immunization programs all contributed to the control of the disease.

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Rapid population expansion coincided with the mid- and late 19th century industrial boom in both Europe and the United States.

According to the American Society of Landscape Architects (ASLA), landscape architecture is "the science and art of design, planning, management, and care of the land."

The "farmstead" refers to the land and structures that make up a farm. Ranches are businesses that grow cattle on rangeland. The term "feedlot" is frequently used to describe the confinement-based feeding of animals.

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This quote from Hamlet give evidence of Shakespeare’s humanist thinking as he references classical figures, such as Jupiter and Hyperion. He praises mankind for its ability to reason and take action.

William Shakespeare was one of the numerous Renaissance figures who were influenced by this notion, as evidenced in his play Hamlet. Hamlet weaves in numerous facets of humanism, such as the advancement of human goals, rational reasoning, and human fulfilment in the natural world, through its characters and events.

Not every notion is implemented equally, though; some are, whereas others are hinted or perceived in opposition to the plot. The choices made by the characters, who primarily act in their own interests, also form the driving force behind the plot of Hamlet.

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The House of Representatives is the chamber of Congress that should get things going. The United States Constitution, Article I, section 7, clause 1, addresses it.

The House of Representatives refers the tax bill to the Ways and Means Committee at the beginning of the process. The committee members draft a proposed bill once they have agreed on the proposal. The authority to introduce laws containing taxes or tariffs belongs to the House of Representatives. The Senate can adopt, reject, or change the tax bill after this house initiates the process, just like it would with any other piece of legislation. The bill is sent to the President for signature if it is approved by both chambers. The U.S. Constitution, Article I, section 7, clause 1, addresses the House of Representatives right to submit tax bills.

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Three NFL teams—the 1934 Chicago Bears, the 1942 Chicago Bears, and the 2007 New England Patriots—have finished regular seasons without a loss or a tie, aside from the 1972 Miami Dolphins.

Many believed thee Philadelphia Eagls could be the second team to do what has only been done by one team thus far, but it appears that will have to wait until the next season.

Thus, three NFL teams—the 1934 Chicago Bears, the 1942 Chicago Bears, and the 2007 New England Patriots—have finished regular seasons without a loss or a tie, aside from the 1972 Miami Dolphins.

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The decision of McCulloch v. Maryland was significant in establishing that Congress had powers to make laws that were "necessary and proper" to fulfill its functions. Option B is correct.

This was a unanimous decision on the powers of the Federal Supreme Court, substantiating the "theory of implied powers" since it understood that there was the power of Congress to incorporate the bank with the State of Maryland prohibited from taxing the national government.

Therefore, this case was significant for the broader understanding of the US Court's decision and its ability to enforce constitutional powers.

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Answer:

A. She spoke throughout the country about her abolitionist views.

Explanation:

Sojourner Truth was an African American abolitionist and women's rights activist who worked to change the public's perception of slavery. One way that she did this was by speaking throughout the country about her abolitionist views.

Some of the acts passed against the Colonists by 1770 included the Sugar Act, the Stamp Act, and the Townshend Acts. These acts imposed taxes on the Colonists and restricted their trade.

2. Since 1764, tensions had been high in Boston due to the presence of British soldiers. The purpose of this invasion was to maintain order and enforce the acts passed by the British government. This caused resentment and anger among the Colonists, leading to increased tensions between the Colonists and the Red Coats.

3. The entire event began when a group of Colonists confronted a Red Coat sentry and started throwing objects at him. The sentry called for backup, and a group of Red Coats arrived to confront the Colonists. It is difficult to say who was in the right, as both sides likely had valid points of view. The Colonists were angry about the acts passed against them and the presence of British soldiers in their city, while the Red Coats were trying to maintain order and protect themselves from being attacked.

4.  The interaction between the Red Coats and the Colonists escalated into a bigger, more violent problem because both sides were tense and on edge. The Colonists were angry and frustrated, while the Red Coats were likely feeling threatened and outnumbered.

5. The Colonists were showing the Red Coats their hatred by protesting and throwing objects at them.

6. The Red Coats' reaction to the Colonists was to try to maintain order and protect themselves. This likely included using force to disperse the crowd.

7. After the Massacre, eight Colonists were killed and several others were injured. The Red Coats involved in the incident were arrested and put on trial. Some were found guilty and punished, while others were acquitted. It is subjective to say whether or not this was a fair outcome, as it depends on one's perspective and values.

The Colonists were the people who lived in the British colonies in America, including the 13 colonies that would eventually become the United States. They were mostly of English descent, but there were also many other ethnicities represented among the Colonists.

The Red Coats were British soldiers who wore red coats as part of their uniform. They were sent to the colonies to enforce British rule and maintain order. The Colonists often referred to them as "Red Coats" due to their distinctive uniforms.

Therefore, The Red Coats were not well-liked by the Colonists, as they were seen as a symbol of British oppression and the acts passed against the Colonists. Tensions between the Colonists and the Red Coats were high, leading to conflicts such as the Boston Massacre.

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Answer:

D. Approving and adopting the U.S. Constitution.

Explanation:

A is wrong because ratification means to approve something, not add. B is wrong because making changes had to come after the Constitution was adopted, or, ratified. C is incorrect because voting for a president and vice president is in the process of an election. D is correct because another synonyms for approving and adopting something is called ratification.

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The four things I learned about this section is: The Grant Administration, The Republican Split, Democrats attacked Grant's Republican economic policies, and The Panic of 1873.

The 1873 Panic was a financial crisis that precipitated an economic depression in Europe and North America that lasted from 1873 to 1877 or 1879 in France and the United Kingdom. The 1873 Panic and subsequent Depression had several underlying causes, the relative importance of which economic historians debate.

A series of bad investments forced the powerful banking firm of Jay Cooke and Company to go bankrupt. A wave of fear known as the Panic of 1873 quickly spread. Dozens of smaller banks closed. The stock market fell sharply. Thousands of businesses shut down, and unemployment soared.

Therefore, the Panic of 1873 was known as the Great Depression until the events of 1929.

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Answer: Increases the price of all equally and has a bigger effect on reducing overall demand.

Explanation:

An ad Valorem tax places a proportionately higher tax on expensive goods. This can encourage consumers to switch from expensive alcohol and expensive cigarettes – to cheaper varieties. A specific tax increases the price of all equally and has a bigger effect on reducing overall demand. Disadvantages of specific taxes More likely to be regressive.

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By implementing a Europe first policy, starting the Lend-Lease programme, and prioritising the defeat of Germany over that of Japan, Roosevelt oversaw the mobilisation of the American economy to assist the war effort.

Roosevelt led the country to triumph against Nazi Germany by forming a powerful wartime alliance with Britain and the Soviet Union. His actions during the war paved the way for his successor, Harry Truman, to defeat Japan four months after his passing.

Theodore Roosevelt describes how Congress gave him permission to raise four divisions to fight in France, much like his earlier Rough Riders, the 1st United States Volunteer Cavalry Regiment, and the British Army 25th (Frontiersmen) Battalion, Royal Fusiliers. This is explained in his 1917 book Foes of Our Own Household.

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Americans vary in different countries or region also stand out for their religiosity and optimism, especially when compared with other relatively wealthy countries.

The United States of America unquestionably leads the list of the world's most powerful countries, leading the way in science, athletics, technology, and other fields. The country has the most powerful economy and military in the world, as well as a massive economy.

In the Better Life Index, the United States outperforms other countries in several categories of well-being. In terms of money, jobs, education, environmental quality, social ties, and life happiness, the United States beats the average. These evaluations are based on available facts.

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economy roaring as the production of consumer products expanded, American prosperity increased dramatically. Refrigerators, vacuum cleaners, and washing machines have all become standard household appliances.

The main drivers of America's economic boom in the 1920s were technological advancement, which allowed for the mass production of goods, electrification of the country, new mass marketing strategies, the availability of low-cost credit, and increased employment, which in turn generated a sizable number of consumers. Due to deferred spending, the recovery from the devastation of World War I, a boom in construction, and other factors, the Roaring Twenties saw economic development and broad prosperity.

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In order to "Sow the seeds of Victory" and "Plant and raise your own crops," the poster suggests that regular Americans should plant gardens. This would support the war effort both literally and metaphorically. The propaganda poster's key takeaway was that Americans should save food so that the troops had enough to eat.

This poster was used as publicity for a brilliant campaign to encourage people to eat foods grown at home. The Victory Garden became an essential source of food for the home front because commercial canned goods were restricted. During the war, one of the most popular home front chores was tending to the Victory Garden, which was a household activity. Around 40% of all vegetables produced in the United States came from Victory Gardens at its peak, which is estimated to have grown nearly 20,000,000 gardens. The Department of Agriculture estimated that 85 million dollars' worth of vegetables had been produced on the home front by the end of the war. Many Americans who witnessed the Victory Gardens during World War II still have vivid memories of them. In order to provide our troops with more supplies, home canning and preserving of farm produce took off all over the country. The concept was straightforward and affordable for the average American to implement. This was probably the most effective advertising strategy for making Americans feel like they were contributing to the war effort. The Victory Garden met the criteria for a successful advertising campaign: that it costs a fair amount and has a large, sympathetic audience.

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Animal Farm is allegorical to Russia, and the rancher Mr. Jones is the Russian Emperor. Old Significant represents either Karl Marx or Vladimir Lenin, and the pig named Snowball addresses the scholarly progressive Leon Trotsky. Napoleon represents Stalin, while the canines are his mystery police.

Napoleon depends on the Soviet despot, Joseph Stalin. Stalin was engaged in the Russian Transformation of 1917 and came to govern Soviet Russia after the demise of Vladimir Lenin in 1924. He administered until his demise in 1953.

In his short original Animal Ranch (1945), English creator George Orwell (1903-50) allegorizes the Russian Upheaval of 1917, when the tsarist absolutism was pushed out and the Marxists came into power and the unrest's gradual disloyalty of its allies under despot Joseph Stalin (1879-1953).

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In Mesoamerica's, La Venta provided a valuable seasoning for the Olmec diet; the seasoning is known as salt. The Option D is correct.

The Olmec culture is both mysterious and vital to archaeologists and modern researchers. It is mysterious because, after they vanished over 2,000 years ago, much information about them was irreversibly lost. It is significant because, as Mesoamerica's "parent" culture, its influence on the region's subsequent development is immeasurable.

La Venta is one of the four most important Olmec sites known to exist, along with San Lorenzo, Tres Zapotes, and El Manat. Complex A alone provides invaluable information. Although the site isn't particularly spectacular for tourists and visitors, any archaeologist will tell you it's just as important.

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The civilization associated with this map employed a tributary system of trade. Chinese civilization used that method to control perimeter regions.

This "tributary system" existed until European colonialism overran it and introduced European notions of sovereignty, suzerainty, spheres of influence, and other diplomatic norms, practices, and traditions to Asia. The previous dynasties' tributary foreign policy was passed down to the Manchu. This system required those who wanted to trade and deal with China to come as vassals to the emperor, who was the ruler, and agreed to pay regular tribute to Beijing, the Qing capital. It also assumed that China was culturally and materially superior to all other nations. In 1748, there were unsuccessful campaigns against native tribes in rebellion from the west of Yunnan, which is in southwestern China. In 1769, there were campaigns against Myanmar (Burmese) tribes, but in 1776, new expeditions finally crushed the Yunnan rebels. Myanmar (Burma) as a whole.

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The sap planned to dig into their nation and take over. The character's greatest dread in the trench was having his body torn to shreds by an enemy mine. When Corporal Hunter heard German voices approaching, he abruptly ordered the men to leave.

The U.S. Federal Government's Special Access Programs (SAPs) are security protocols that give highly classified material additional protections and access restrictions compared to collateral classified information.

They aim to maintain national security by enhancing security measures strictly enforced. They also have access requirements that exceed those required for information at the same classification level. They provide the highest security to specific projects.

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What is the purpose of a “sap”? What are the worst fears of the main character when tunneling near the enemy’s trenches? Why does Corporal Hunter suddenly order the men to leave the tunnel?

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Richard Nixon, a Republican running for president and a former vice president, defeated his rivals in the 1968 presidential election.

Election for President in 1968. Hubert Humphrey, a Democrat, and George Wallace, an Independent, were defeated by Republican contender and former vice president Richard Nixon in the 1968 presidential election. It's possible that this election, like the realigning election, has led to significant changes in the political landscape. However, it was also tainted by other catastrophes, such as the murder of President Robert Kennedy, one of the Democrats' nominees. Following the social upheaval, questions around American involvement in the Vietnam War, and other related topics all came to a head, significantly disrupting the election scene. Hubert Humphrey, the current vice president, was chosen as the candidate in the 1968 Democratic National Convention, which took place in Chicago, Illinois, from August 26 to August 29, 1968.

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Answer:

The national legislature in Madison's Virginia Plan would have complete supremacy over the state governments. It would have the power to pass laws and to make regulations that would take precedence over state laws and regulations. It would also have the power to tax, spend, and regulate interstate commerce. The national legislature would also have the power to veto state laws.

Explanation: