The enthalpy of vaporization of the unknown liquid is -31.9 kJ/mol.
What is the enthalpy of vaporization?We know that vaporization is the process that occur when there is a change from liquid to gas of a material at the boiling point of the substance . We must also note that the boiling point of the substance is the atmospheric temperature which is 1 atm.
Thus;
lnP = -ΔHvap/R * 1/T
We know that;
P = atmospheric pressure
R = gas constant
T = temperature
Hence;
ln(1) = -ΔHvap/8.314 * 1/ -3840
-3840 * 8.314 = -ΔHvap
= -31.9 kJ/mol
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Identify the parts of the equation by dragging each label below to the correct arrow on the diagram. Drag the items on the left to the correct location on the right.
The missing labels are:
CuCO₃(s), H₂SO₄(aq): reactants. +: plus sign. CuSO₄(aq), H₂O(l), CO₂(g): products. (s): solid.(aq): aqueous.(l): liquid.(g): gaseous.What is a chemical equation?It is a way to represent a chemical reaction.
Let's consider the following chemical equation.
CuCO₃(s) + H₂SO₄(aq) → CuSO₄(aq) + H₂O(l) + CO₂(g)
The missing labels are:
CuCO₃(s), H₂SO₄(aq): reactants. They are on the left side of the equation.+: plus sign. It separates substances.CuSO₄(aq), H₂O(l), CO₂(g): products. They are on the right side of the equation.(s): solid.(aq): aqueous.(l): liquid.(g): gaseous.Learn more about chemical equations here: https://brainly.com/question/26227625
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the proper answer gets marked brainiest, answer what the question is asking.
What classifies a substance as an element?
What classifies a substance as a compound?
Actually, answer what the question is asking and give a short answer. No copying and pasting.
A substance is an element if it consists of a single type of atom. A substance is a compound if it is made up of more than one element.
Elements and compoundsIn chemistry, an element is defined as all pure substances consisting of the same atom. For example, magnesium and potassium metal are all elements because they consist of magnesium and potassium atoms only.
On the other hand, compounds are defined as substances consisting of 2 or more atoms of different elements. For example, sodium chloride consists of atoms of sodium and chlorine. Hence, it is considered to be a compound.
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In Part A, we saw that the theoretical yield of aluminum oxide is 0.700 mol . Calculate the percent yield if the actual yield of aluminum oxide is 0.532 mol .
Considering the definition of percent yield, the percent yield is 76%.
Percent yieldThe percent yield is the ratio of the actual return to the theoretical return expressed as a percentage.
The percent yield is calculated as the experimental yield divided by the theoretical yield multiplied by 100%:
[tex]percent yield=\frac{actual yield}{theorical yield}x100[/tex]
where the theoretical yield is the amount of product acquired through the complete conversion of all reagents in the final product, that is, it is the maximum amount of product that could be formed from the given amounts of reagents.
Percent yield in this caseIn this case, you know:
actual yield= 0.532 molestheorical yield= 0.700 molesReplacing in the definition of percent yield:
[tex]percent yield=\frac{0.532 moles}{0.700 moles}x100[/tex]
Solving:
percent yield= 76%
Finally, the percent yield is 76%.
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1.______ language is the ability to understand what’s said.
2. When babies handle objects, they learn that they can
make something happen. This helps them begin to
understand and _______.
3. Caregivers can encourage language development by _____
to the baby.
4.______ is the ability of an infant to understand when
an object is present even if he or she can't see it.
5. Language development and thinking ability are _______.
6. Toddlers gain self-confidence when they _______.
Caregivers should expect toddlers to _______.
7.Caregivers should help children select television programs to watch and _______ the time they spend in this activity.
8. Superhero and fantasy play should be tempered with discussing the differences between _______ and reality.
The 1 month old baby sees up to 30 cm away, following objects and people that move around him and fixing his gaze on bright and flashy objects. To say that he wants something or that something is bothering him, the baby usually expresses himself through crying.
What is baby development?1.Clear language is the ability to understand what’s said.
2. When babies handle objects, they learn that they can
make something happen. This helps them begin to
understand and do.
3. Caregivers can encourage language development by sign
to the baby.
4.imagine is the ability of an infant to understand when
an object is present even if he or she can't see it.
5. Language development and thinking ability are indispensable.
6. Toddlers gain self-confidence when they make mistakes.
Caregivers should expect toddlers to mistakes.
7.Caregivers should help children select television programs to watch and monitor the time they spend in this activity.
8. Superhero and fantasy play should be tempered with discussing the differences between fantasy and reality.
With this information, we can conclude that If your baby does not respond to stimuli and even as the months go by, simple steps of the baby's development are not happening, such as smiling, turning around, crawling, the pediatrician will follow up and refer the competent specialist to carry out evaluation tests to investigate a possible delay. psychomotor.
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which element is trigonal pyramidal molecular shape ? a) NF3. b) BCL3 c) COCL2 d) CLO3- e) BRF3
Answer:
A.) NF₃
D.) ClO₃⁻
Explanation:
To determine the molecular shape of the molecules, you need to:
1.) Calculate the total valence electrons in the molecule
-----> The sum of the element's valence electrons
2.) Draw the Lewis structure
In a calorimetry experiment 2.50 g of methane is burnt in excess oxygen. 30% of the energy released during the combustion is absorbed by 500 g of water, the temperature of which rises from 25°C to 68°C. The specific heat capacity of water is 4.184 J/g°C. What is the total energy released per gram of methane burnt?
The total energy released per gram of methane burnt is 119,941.3 J/g.
Energy absorbed by waterQ = mcΔθ
where;
m is mass of waterc is specific heat of waterΔθ is change in temperatureQ = (500)(4.184)(68 - 25)
Q = 89,956 J
Total energy released per gram of methane burnt0.3T = 89,956 J
T = 89,956 J/0.3
T = 299,853.3 J
Total energy per gram of methane, E = T.E/m
E = (299,853.3 J) / (2.5 g)
E = 119,941.3 J/g
Thus, the total energy released per gram of methane burnt is 119,941.3 J/g.
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ALab Data
78°F
Verify your volume measurement
You have not titrated to the endpoint
Did you report your data to the correct number of
significant figures?
Standardized NaOH (M) 0.4171
Initial volume of buret (mL) 0.50
Volume of vinegar (mL) 10.00
Observations
solution increased.
Final volume of buret (mL)
Volume of NaOH (mL)
Molarity of acetic acid (M)
The correct number of significant figures are,
Final volume of burette is 38.86ml
Volume of NaOH is 38.36ml
Given data:Initial volume of burette V(I)= 0.50ml
Molarity of NaOH is M1 = 0.4171M
Volume of Vinegar V2 = 10.00ml
Molarity of acetic acid M2= 1.6M
Final volume of burette V(f)= ?
volume of NaOH V1 = V(f) - V(I) = ?
Determining the moles of acetic acid (CH3COOH)Molarity = moles of solute / volume of solution
Molarity of acetic acid = moles of CH3C00H / Volume of vinegar
1.6 = moles of CH3C00H / 10.00
moles of CH3C00H = 1.6 * 10.00
Moles of CH3COOH is 16.00mols
Determining the moles of Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH)In a volumetric titration the amount of Standard solution (titrant) used in the titration is stoichiometrically equivalent to amount of unknown solution (analyte) used for the titration at the endpoint.
Hence,
Moles of NaOH = Moles of CH3COOH
Moles of NaOH is 16.00mols
Determining the volume of Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH)Molarity of NaOH = moles of NaOH / Volume of NaOH
0.4171 = 16.00 / V(f)-V(I)
0.4171 = 16.00 / V(f)- 0.50
V(f) = ( 16 / 0.4171 ) + 0.50
V(f) = 38.86 ml
Final volume of NaOH V(f) is 38.86ml
Volume of NaOH V1 = 38.86 - 0.50
Volume of NaOH is 38.36ml
DISCLAIMER: Question is incomplete
Initial volume of burette = 0.50ml
Molarity of NaOH = 0.4171M
Volume of Vinegar = 10.00ml
Molarity of acetic acid = 1.6M
Final volume of burette = ?
volume of NaOH = ?
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A glass container was initially charged with
3.00 moles of a gas sample at 3.75 atm and
21.7 °C. Some of the gas was released as the
temperature was increased to 28.1 °C, so the
final pressure in the container was reduced to
0.998 atm. How many moles of the gas
sample are present at the end?
Answer in mol
The number of moles of the gas sample present at the end is 0.78 moles.
Number of moles of the gas
PV = nRT
V = nRT/P
At a constant volume, V;
n₁RT₁/P₁ = n₂RT₂/P₂
n₁T₁/P₁ = n₂T₂/P₂
n₂ = (n₁T₁P₂)/(P₁T₂)
where;
T₁ is initial temperature = 21.7⁰C = 294.7 KT₂ is final temperature = 28.1⁰C = 301.1 Kn₂ = (3 x 294.7 x 0.998)/(3.75 x 301.1)
n₂ = 0.78 moles
Thus, the number of moles of the gas sample present at the end is 0.78 moles.
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I need help with my work
Answer: D. 3Ag+ + PO43- = Ag3PO4
Explanation:
Overall Chemical Equation:
Ensure that the elements on both sides of the equation are balanced.
3C2H3AgO2 + Na3O4P = Ag3PO4 + 3C2H3NaO2
Solubility Equation:
Determine the state or phase of each substance (gas=g, liquid=l, solid/non-soluble=s, aqueous/soluble=aq) in its undissociated form.
3C2H3AgO2(aq) + Na3O4P(aq) = Ag3PO4(s) + 3C2H3NaO2(aq)
Complete Ionic Equation:
The complete ionic equation includes spectator ions. Write it by breaking all the soluble ionic compounds into their respective ions.
3Ag+(aq) + 3CH3COO-(aq) + 3Na+(aq) + PO43-(aq) = Ag3PO4(s) + 3Na+(aq) + 3CH3COO-(aq)
Net Ionic Equation:
The balanced net ionic equation includes only species that are involved in the reaction. It can be found by removing ions that occur on both the reactant and product side of the complete ionic equation.
3Ag+(aq) + PO43-(aq) = Ag3PO4(s)
3 Br2 + 6 OH1- → 5 Br1- + BrO31- + 3 H2O
If 8.5 moles of Br2 are reacted with an unlimited supply of OH1-, how many moles of BrO31- can be formed?
Answer:
2.8 moles BrO₃⁻
Explanation:
To find the amount of moles, you need to convert moles Br₂ to moles BrO₃⁻ using the mole-to-mole ratio. This ratio is made up of the balanced equation coefficients in front of the relevant molecules.
3 Br₂ + 6 OH⁻ -----> 5 Br⁻ + 1 BrO₃⁻ + 3 H₂O
8.5 moles Br₂ 1 mole BrO₃⁻
----------------------- x ---------------------- = 2.8 moles BrO₃⁻
3 moles Br₂
PLEASE ANSWER THIS FAST... tysm
●what will happen to the texture off egg shell if you place it in.
1. Coca cola
2. orange juice
3. grape juice
4. normal water
5. a dark coloured sugary drink like sting
Answer all these correctly please
thanks
Answer:
4. the egg shell you place in normal water
Positive ions usually form from ____
and are called cations.
Metals
Noble gases
Nonmetals
Answer:
Metals
Explanation:
Positive ions are formed when atoms give up some valence electrons in order to have a full octet. The atoms most likely to do this have a small number of valence electrons. Most to these atoms are generally in the s-block (left side) of the periodic table. These elements are metals.
*nonmetals are located in the p-block (right side) and noble gases are located in the 18th column (far right column)
Find the number of moles and the number of atoms of Hydrogen and s in 10 moles of H₂S
Answer:
See below
Explanation:
H2 S shows that each mole of H2S has two moles of H in it
so 10 moles of H2S would have 20 moles of H
Each mole is Avagadro's Number of atoms
20 moles * 6.022 x10^23 atoms/mole = 120.44 x 10^23 toms of H
H2S has one mole of S for each mole of H2S
there are then 10 moles of S
10 * 6.022 x 10^23 = 60.22 x 10^23 atoms of S
what’s the amino acid for this?
characteristic ions of water: OH- and H3O+
Answer:
H2O
Explanation:
water is made up of 1 hydrogen snd 2 oxygen
What state of matter is Polaris, the north star?
A. Plasma
B. Liquid
C. Light
D. Gas
The state of matter of Polaris, the north star is gas.
What are stars made of?Stars are made up of a mixture of hot gases.
The mixture consists of helium and hydrogen. Hydrogen burns into helium to give starts a shining appearance when observed from a far distance.
Thus, the state of matter of all stars, including the north star, is gas.
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Determine the empirical formula of a compound containing 40.6 grams of carbon, 5.1 grams of hydrogen, and 54.2 grams of oxygen.
In an experiment, the molar mass of the compound was determined to be 118.084 g/mol. What is the molecular formula of the compound?
For both questions, show your work or explain how you determined the formulas by giving specific values used in calculations.
The Empirical formula of compound is C₁H₂O₁. The Molecular Formula of the compound is 4 (C₁H₂O₁).
What is Empirical Formula ?Empirical formula is the simplest whole number ratio of atoms present in given compound.
Element % Atomic mass Relative no. of atoms Simplest whole ratio
C 40.6 12 [tex]\frac{40.6}{12}[/tex] = 3.3 [tex]\frac{3.3}{3.3} = 1[/tex]
H 5.1 1 [tex]\frac{5.1}{1}[/tex] = 5.1 [tex]\frac{5.1}{3.1} = 2[/tex]
O 54.2 16 [tex]\frac{54.2}{16}[/tex] = 3.3 [tex]\frac{3.3}{3.3} = 1[/tex]
The Empirical formula of compound is C₁H₂O₁ or CH₂O
How to find the Molecular formula of compound ?Molecular formula = Empirical formula × n
[tex]n = \frac{\text{Molecular weight}}{\text{Empirical Formula weight}}[/tex]
[tex]= \frac{118.084}{30}[/tex]
= 4
Molecular formula = n × Empirical formula
= 4 (C₁H₂O₁)
Thus from the above conclusion we can say that The Empirical formula of compound is C₁H₂O₁. The Molecular Formula of the compound is 4 (C₁H₂O₁).
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Volume is: A. Non of these. B. How much matter something contains.
A can of soda is opened at room temperature and a hiss is heard. Which factor has changed inside the container?
The factor that has changed inside the container would be the pressure.
Pressurized containersSodas in cans are preserved using a gas, carbon dioxide to be precise.
The gas is used to preserve the drink and sealed under pressure.
When a can of soda is opened, the first thing that escapes is the carbon dioxide gas. By doing so, the pressure in the can reduces.
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What do the letters “P.P.E” stand for in chemical
Answer:
Personal Protective Equipment
Explanation:
Some examples of PPE are safety glasses, lab coats, steel-toed shoes, etc.
The purpose of PPE is to keep the user from getting injured when using dangerous equipment or chemicals.
if 14.0 g of aluminium reacts with excess sulfuric acid to produce 75.26 g of aluminium sulfate, what is the percent yield?
Taking into account definition of percent yield, the percent yield for the reaction is 84.88%.
Reaction stoichiometryIn first place, the balanced reaction is:
2 Al + 3 H₂SO₄ → Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 3 H₂
By reaction stoichiometry (that is, the relationship between the amount of reagents and products in a chemical reaction), the following amounts of moles of each compound participate in the reaction:
Al: 2 moles H₂SO₄: 3 molesAl₂(SO₄)₃. 1 moleH₂: 3 molesThe molar mass of the compounds is:
Al: 27 g/moleH₂SO₄: 98 g/moleAl₂(SO₄)₃: 342 g/moleH₂: 2 g/moleThen, by reaction stoichiometry, the following mass quantities of each compound participate in the reaction:
Al: 2 moles ×27 g/mole= 54 gramsH₂SO₄: 3 moles ×98 g/mole= 294 gramsAl₂(SO₄)₃: 1 mole ×342 g/mole= 342 gramsH₂: 3 moles ×2 g/mole= 6 gramsMass of aluminium sulfate formedThe following rule of three can be applied: if by reaction stoichiometry 54 grams of aluminium form 342 grams of aluminium sulfate, 14 grams of aluminium form how much mass of aluminium sulfate?
[tex]mass of aluminium sulfate=\frac{14 grams of aluminium x342 grams of aluminium sulfate}{54 grams of aluminium}[/tex]
mass of aluminium sulfate= 88.67 grams
Then, 88.67 grams of aluminium sulfate can be produced if 14.0 g of aluminium reacts with excess sulfuric acid.
Percent yieldThe percent yield is the ratio of the actual return to the theoretical return expressed as a percentage.
The percent yield is calculated as the experimental yield divided by the theoretical yield multiplied by 100%:
[tex]percent yield=\frac{actual yield}{theorical yield} x100[/tex]
where the theoretical yield is the amount of product acquired through the complete conversion of all reagents in the final product, that is, it is the maximum amount of product that could be formed from the given amounts of reagents.
Percent yield for the reaction in this caseIn this case, you know:
actual yield= 75.26 gramstheorical yield= 88.67 gramsReplacing in the definition of percent yields:
[tex]percent yield=\frac{75.26 grams}{88.67 grams} x100[/tex]
Solving:
percent yield= 84.88%
Finally, the percent yield for the reaction is 84.88%.
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What classifies a substance as an element?
What classifies a substance as a compound?
Actually, answer what the question is asking and give a short answer. No copying and pasting.
The difference between an element and a compound is that an element is a substance made of same type of atoms, whereas a compound is made of different elements in definite proportions.Examples of elements include iron, copper, hydrogen and oxygen. Examples of compounds include water (H2O) and salt (Sodium Chloride - NaCl).
QUESTION 3
List the two ways of determining the chloride content of water
After removing the particles, the solution's chloride content can be assessed using various techniques, such as titration and photometry.
What is the importance of chloride determination?One of the most prevalent inorganic anions in water and wastewater is chloride, which forms the chloride (Cl-) ion. Sodium chloride, a specific food item that passes through the digestive tract undigested, has a higher chloride concentration in wastewater than in raw water. Due to salt water leaking into the sewage system, coast chloride may be present in high concentrations along the sea. Additionally, industrial processes may cause it to rise.The salty taste caused by chloride concentration in drinkable water varies and depends on the water's chemical makeup. If sodium cation is present, some waters with 250 mg/L Cl- may have a flavor that can be identified as salty. On the other hand, when calcium and magnesium cations predominate, the typical salty taste may be missing in fluids containing as much as 1000 mg/L. A high chloride level may injure developing plants, steel pipelines, and structures.The salinity of various water sources can be determined using the detected chloride ions. It is a crucial parameter for brackish water (or seawater or industrial brine solution) because it indicates how much desalting of the apparatus is needed. Additionally, it affects the COD calculation, necessitating a modification based on the amount present or adding a complexing agent like HgSO4. Additionally, column studies that predict the fate of various pollutants in soil and liquid media use chloride ions as tracer ions.After removing the particles, the solution's chloride content can be assessed using various techniques, such as titration and photometry.
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what is the type of chemical reaction that vinegar, baking soda, and dish soap have?
Reaction 1: Two reactions are occurring:
sodium bicarbonate + acetic acid sodium acetate + carbonic acid
carbonic acid carbon dioxide + water
Add a teaspoon of dish soap to a cup of vinegar and mix well. Add a table spoon of baking soda to the vinegar soap mixture.
What are the two reactions that occur? I only noticed one and that was when I added baking soda.
what is the type of chemical reaction that vinegar, baking soda, and dish soap have (Combustion, decomposition, etc.) and what is the balanced chemical equation of this reaction?
Answer:
Explanation:
The reaction between baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) and vinegar (dilute acetic acid) generates carbon dioxide gas, which is used in chemical volcanoes and other projects.
GIVING BRAINLIEST!!!!!!!!! (and the rest of my points)
The Himalayan balsam plant makes seeds in pods and releases them when it is ready, while the Surinam toad absorbs its eggs into its own back until they are ready to come out. How are the adaptations of the balsam and the toad similar?
A. They are behaviors that allow the plant and the animal to reproduce through shorter life cycles.
B. They are behaviors that protect the plant and the animal from predators.
C. They are life cycle differences that protect the offspring and help them to survive.
D. They are physical characteristics that allow the offspring to survive in cold weather conditions.
They are life cycle differences that protect the offspring and help them to survive. The correct option is C.
Life cycle adaptionSome organisms have life cycle features that ensure that their population is perpetuated in subsequent generations.
Such features include ensuring that propagules are only released when they are mature and making sure that eggs are hatched and offspring become viable before they are allowed to move to the environment.
These actions will make sure that the propagules of offspring have what it takes to survive in their new environment.
In other words, these life cycle features are embedded in the genome of organisms as a way to survive the environment.
Thus, the features of the Himalayan balsam plant and that of the Surinam toad are more or less targeted toward the same thing - the survival of their offspring.
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Answer: Option (C) is correct, They are life cycle differences that protect the offspring and help them to survive.
Explanation: Hope it helps!
Good luck!!!
Determine the mass of CO2 produced when 51.2 g of CaO is reacted with 50.0 g of C according to the unbalanced chemical equation:
CaO (s) + C (s) ---> CaC2 (s) + CO2 (g)
Hint: You will need to balance the equation first.
The mass of CO2 produced will be 8.01 grams
Stoichiometric problemThe balanced equation of the reaction is written as:
[tex]2CaO (s) + 5C (s) --- > 2CaC_2 (s) + CO_2 (g)[/tex]
The mole ratio of CaO and C is 2:5 from the balanced equation.
Mole of 51.2 g CaO = mass/molar mass = 51.2/56 = 0.91 moles
Mole of 50.0 g C = 50/12 = 4.17 moles
From the mole ratio, 0.91 mole CaO will require 5/2 x 0.91 = 2.28 moles C.
This means 4.17 moles carbon is excessive. In other words, C is the limiting reagent.
The mole ratio of C and CO2 is 5:1. Thus, the equivalent mole of CO2 that will be produced from 0.91 moles C will be:
0.91/5 = 0.182 moles.
Mass of 0.182 moles CO2 = mole x molar mass = 0.182 x 44 = 8.01 grams
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A drop of water with a mass of 0.48 g is vaporized at 100 ∘C and condenses on the surface of a 55- g block of aluminum that is initially at 25 ∘C . If the heat released during condensation goes only toward heating the metal, what is the final temperature in Celsius of the metal block? (The specific heat capacity of aluminum is 0.903 J/(g⋅∘C ).)
Express the temperature in Celsius to two significant figures.
The final temperature in Celsius of the metal block is 49°C.
How to find the number of moles ?Moles water = [tex]\frac{\text{Given mass}}{\text{Molar Mass}}[/tex]
= [tex]\frac{0.48\ g}{18\ \text{g/mol}}[/tex]
= 0.0266 moles
Heat lost by water = 0.0266 mol x 44.0 kJ/mol
= 1.17 kJ
= 1170 J [1 kJ = 1000 J]
Heat lost = Heat gained
Heat gained by aluminum = 1170 J
1170 = 55 x 0.903 (T - 25) = 49.7 T - 1242
1170 + 1242 = 49.7 T
T = 48.5°C (49°C at two significant figures)
Thus from the above conclusion we can say that The final temperature in Celsius of the metal block is 49°C.
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How many moles of dissolved sodium hydroxide are in 25.0mL of a 6.00 M sodium hydroxide solution?
A buffer is prepared by adding 150mL of 0.50 M NH3 to 250mL of 0.50 M NH4NO3. What is the pH of the final solution? (Kb for NH3 = 1.8 x 10^-5)
From the calculations, the pH of the final solution is 9.04.
What is the pH of the buffer?We can use the Henderson Hasselbach equation to obtain the final pH of the solution in terms of the pKb and the base concentration.
Number of moles of salt = 250/1000 L * 0.5 M = 0.125 moles
Number of moles of base = 150/1000 L * 0.5 M = 0.075 moles
Total volume of solution = 250ml + 150ml = 400ml or 0.4 L
Molarity of base = 0.075 moles/ 0.4 L = 0.1875 M
Molarity of salt = 0.125 moles/ 0.4 L = 0.3125 M
pOH = pKb + log[salt/base]
pKb = -log(1.8 x 10^-5) = 4.74
pOH = 4.74 + log[0.3125/0.1875 ]
pOH = 4.96
pH = 14- 4.96
pH = 9.04
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Look at Table 4 in the procedure portion of the experiment. Calculate the pH you would expect each of the buffer solutions (A, B, C, D, and E) to be using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation, assuming that the solutions of acetic acid and sodium acetate are equimolar.
The pH of the buffer solutions as determined using the Henderson–Hasselbalch equation are:
A. pH = 4.75B. pH = 4.05C. pH = 3.75D. pH = 5.75E. pH = 5.45What is the pH of the solutions?The pH of a buffer is determined using the Henderson–Hasselbalch equation shown below:
pH = pKₐ + log([A⁻]/[HA])A. Volume of acetic acid = 5 mL; Volume of sodium acetate = 5 mL; pka of acetic acid = 4.75
The solutions of acetic acid and sodium acetate are equimolar;
pH = 4.75 + log(1)
pH = 4.75
B. Volume of acetic acid = 5 ml; Volume of sodium acetate = 1 mL; pka of acetic acid = 4.75
The solutions of acetic acid and sodium acetate are equimolar;
pH = 4.75 + log(1/5)
pH = 4.05
C. Volume of acetic acid = 10 ml; Volume of sodium acetate = 1 mL; pka of acetic acid = 4.75
The solutions of acetic acid and sodium acetate are equimolar;
pH = 4.75 + log(1/10)
pH = 3.75
D. Volume of acetic acid = 1 ml; Volume of sodium acetate = 10 mL; pka of acetic acid = 4.75
The solutions of acetic acid and sodium acetate are equimolar;
pH = 4.75 + log(10/1)
pH = 5.75
E. Volume of acetic acid = 1 ml; Volume of sodium acetate = 5 mL; pka of acetic acid = 4.75
The solutions of acetic acid and sodium acetate are equimolar;
pH = 4.75 + log(5/1)
pH = 5.45
In conclusion, the pH of the buffer solutions are determined using the Henderson–Hasselbalch equation.
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