Solution :
Assuming that the wire has an uniform temperature, the equivalent convective heat transfer coefficient is given as :
[tex]$h_T= \epsilon \sigma (T_s+T_{surr})(T_s^2 +T^2_{surr})$[/tex]
[tex]$h_T= 0.20 \times 5.67 \times 10^{-8} (1473+323)(1473^2 +323^2)$[/tex]
[tex]$h_T=46.3 \ W/m^2 .K$[/tex]
The total heat transfer coefficient will be :
[tex]$h_T=(250+46.3) \ W/m^2 .K$[/tex]
[tex]$=296.3 \ W/m^2 .K$[/tex]
Now calculating the maximum volumetric heat generation :
[tex]$\dot {q}_{max}=\frac{2h_t}{r_0}(T_s-T_{\infty})$[/tex]
[tex]$\dot {q}_{max}=\frac{2\times 296.3}{0.0005}(1200-50)$[/tex]
[tex]$= 1.362 \times 10^{9} \ W/m^3$[/tex]
The heat generation inside the wire is given as :
[tex]$\dot{q} = \frac{I^2R}{V}$[/tex]
Here, R is the resistance of the wire
V is the volume of the wire
∴ [tex]$\dot{q} = \frac{I^2\left( \rho \times \frac{L}{A} \right)}{A \times L}$[/tex]
[tex]$=\frac{I^2 \rho}{\left(\frac{\pi}{4}D^2 \right)}$[/tex]
where, ρ is the resistivity.
[tex]$I_{max}= \left(\frac{\dot{q}_{max}}{\rho} \right)^{1/2} \times \frac{\pi}{4}D^2$[/tex]
[tex]$I_{max}= \left(\frac{1.36 \times 10^9}{10^{-6}} \right)^{1/2} \times \frac{3.14}{4}(1 \times 10^{-3})^2$[/tex]
= 28.96 A
Now considering the relation for the current flow through the finite potential difference.
[tex]$E=I_{max} \times R$[/tex]
[tex]$E=I_{max} \times \rho \times \frac{L}{A}$[/tex]
[tex]$L=\frac{AE}{I_{max} \ \rho}$[/tex]
[tex]$L=\frac{\frac{\pi}{4} \times (1 \times 10^{-3})^2 \times 110}{28.96 \times 10^{-6}}$[/tex]
= 2.983 m
Now calculating the power rating of the heater:
[tex]$P= E \times I_{max}$[/tex]
[tex]$P= 110 \times 28.96}$[/tex]
= 3185.6 W
= 3.1856 kW
A thin aluminum sheet is placed between two very large parallel plates that are maintained at uniform temperatures T1 = 900 K, T2 = 300 K and emissivities ε1 = 0.3 and ε2 =0.7, respectively. Thin aluminum sheet has an ε3 of 0.1 facing on the sides of plate 1 and ε3 of 0.2 facing on the sides of plate 2. Determine (a) the net radiation heat transfer between the two plates per unit surface area of the plates (b) compare the result to that without the shield. (c) temperature of the radiation shield in steady operation
The net radiation heat transfer between the two plates per unit surface area of the plates with shield and without shied are respectively; 2282.76 W/m² and 9766.75 W/m²
How to find the net radiation heat transfer?We are given;
Temperature 1; T₁
Temperature 2; T₂
Temperature 3; T₃
Emissivity 1; ε₁ = 0.3
Emissivity 2; ε₂ = 0.7
Emissivity 3; ε₃ = 0.2
The net rate of radiation heat transfer with a thin aluminum shield per unit area of the plates with shield is;
Q'₁₂ = σ(T₁⁴ - T₂⁴)]/[((1/ε₁) + (1/ε₂) - 1) + ((1/ε₃,₁) + (1/ε₃,₂) - 1)]
Q'₁₂ = 5.67 * 10⁻⁸(900⁴ - 300⁴)/[((1/0.3) + (1/0.7) - 1) + ((1/0.15) + (1/0.15) - 1)]
Q'₁₂,shield = 2282.76 W/m²
The net rate of radiation heat transfer with a thin aluminum shield per unit area of the plates with no shield is;
Q'₁₂,no shield = σ(T₁⁴ - T₂⁴)]/((1/ε₁) + (1/ε₂) - 1))
Q'₁₂,no shield = 5.67 * 10⁻⁸(900⁴ - 300⁴)/[(1/0.3) + (1/0.7) - 1)]
Q'₁₂,no shield = 9766.75 W/m²
Then the ratio of radiation heat transfer for the two cases becomes;
Q'₁₂,shield/Q'₁₂,no shield = 2282.76/9766.75 = 0.2337 or 4/17
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_____require(s) driving at speeds that are reasonable and prudent for conditions.
Basic speed law requires individuals driving at speeds that are reasonable and prudent for conditions.
What is Speed?This is defined as the rate of change of the position of a body with respect to time and the unit is metre per second.
The basic speed law states that speeds which are reasonable and prudent should be adopted by drivers so as to avoid accidents and potential risks to other road users. Appropriate punishment are also meted out to defaulters in this type of scenario.
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A wheel spins at a constant angular speed of 24rad/s.How many revolutions will the dosk go through in 5minutes?
Answer:
The wheel will go through 1146 revolutions in 5 minutes.
Explanation:
We can the formula:
[tex]\boxed{\omega = \frac{2 \pi}{T}}[/tex]
where
ω ⇒ angular speed (24 rad/s),
T ⇒ time period (? s),
and solve for T to find the time it takes for the wheel to complete one revolution.
⇒ [tex]24 = \frac{2 \pi}{T}[/tex]
⇒ [tex]T = \bf \frac{2 \pi}{24}[/tex] s
This means it takes [tex]\bf \frac{2 \pi}{24}[/tex] seconds for the wheel to complete one revolution.
Now, using the unitary method,
In [tex]\frac{2 \pi}{24}[/tex] seconds ⇒ 1 revolution completed
In 1 second ⇒ 1 ÷ [tex]\frac{2 \pi}{24}[/tex] = [tex]\frac{24}{2 \pi}[/tex] revolutions completed
In (5 × 60 = ) 300s ⇒ [tex]\frac{24}{2 \pi}[/tex] × 300 = 1145.9
≅ 1146 revolutions completed
Which level of acceleration should you use when accelerating on a short highway entry ramp?
The higher level of acceleration should be used when accelerating on a short highway entry ramp.
Given data:
When accelerating on a short highway entry ramp, you should use a higher level of acceleration to safely merge with the traffic already on the highway. This is particularly important when the entry ramp is short, as you need to reach the speed of the highway traffic and find a suitable gap to merge into the flow.
Using a higher level of acceleration allows you to match the speed of the vehicles on the highway more quickly and efficiently, reducing the risk of causing disruptions or potential hazards. It's essential to accelerate smoothly and decisively to ensure a safe merge onto the highway. Always follow traffic rules and guidelines while merging onto highways to ensure the safety of yourself and others.
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A high compression ratio may result in;
A high compression ratio may result in compressor failure.
What is a compressor?A compressor refers to a mechanical device that is designed and developed to provide power to refrigerators, especially by increasing the pressure on air or other applicable gases.
According to heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) information, a high compression ratio of 8: 1 or higher is most likely to result in compressor failure.
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When referring to private land use restrictions, fence height, additional structures, and architectural design are generally categorized under ______.
The fence height, additional structures, and architectural design are generally categorized under covenants.
What is the land use about?The primary private land-use control is known to be a form of a deed restrictions, that hinders what a person can do on the property as regards to the owner.
Note that in the case above, the fence height, additional structures, and architectural design are generally categorized under covenants.
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Which section(s) of the Code emphasize the fact that all circuiting must be done so as to avoid the damaging effects of induction heating
The section(s) of the Code emphasize that all circuiting must be done so as to avoid the damaging effects of induction heating is 300.35, 300.3(B), and 300.20(A).
What is induction heating?The term induction heating is known to be a form of heating of material that occurs via an electric current that makes a flow via the material or its container through the means of electromagnetic induction.
Hence, The section(s) of the Code emphasize that all circuiting must be done so as to avoid the damaging effects of induction heating is 300.35, 300.3(B), and 300.20(A).
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The force of F= 30N acts on the bracket as shown. Determine the moment of the force about the a-a axis of the pipe if \alpha = 60^{\circ} , and \gamma = 45^{\circ} . Also determine the coordinate direction angles of F in order to produce the maximum moment about the a-a axis. What is this moment?
The coordinate direction angles of F in order to produce the maximum moment about the a-a axis is 14.49Nm and this moment is 15Nm.
What is direction?
Direction is a term that can refer to a number of different concepts. Generally speaking, direction is a line of travel or an orientation in physical space. Direction can also refer to a goal or purpose for which one is striving, such as a career path or a life path. Directions can also be given in terms of instructions, as in directions for using an appliance, directions for playing a game, or even directions for a recipe.
The moment of the force F about the a-a axis is given by:
M = F × d × sin(\alpha + \gamma)
M = 30N × 0.5m × sin(60° + 45°)
M = 30N × 0.5m × 0.9659
M = 14.49Nm
The coordinate direction angles of F in order to produce the maximum moment about the a-a axis are (45°, -45°). The maximum moment is given by:
M = F × d × 1
M = 30N × 0.5m × 1
M = 15Nm
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Draw the schematics for the following two battery connections. Can you explain the value of the output voltage in the series connection
if two 1.5 ya alt batteries are connected to head to the tail the voltage is 3.0 volt it is the because the battery is insidious reduce a voltage equal to number of battery is multiplied by the voltage of individual
A spark-ignition engine operates on an Otto cycle with a compression ratio of 9 and temperature limits of 30°C and 1000oC. The power output is 500 kW. Calculate the
a)thermal efficiency
b) mass flux of air
The thermal energy when the spark-ignition engine operates on an Otto cycle with a compression ratio of 9 and temperature limits of 30°C and 1000oC is 58%.
How to illustrate the information?From the information given, we are told that spark-ignition engine operates on an Otto cycle with a compression ratio of 9 and temperature limits of 30°C and 1000oC.
The thermal energy will be:
= 1 - 1/(1.4 - 1)
= 0.58
= 58%
Also, the mass flux of air will be illustrated below:
T2 = 729.70k
W = 224.60kj
Therefore, the mass flux will be:
= 500/224.60
= 2.226kg/s
In conclusion, the the mass flux will be 2.226kg/s.
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A technician is building a high-performance gaming pc. which two items should the technician focus on selecting parts for the machine?
The Answer is D. The technician should remove jewelry
Explanation: A technician has been given a PC that is not powering up. After brief troubleshooting, the technician comes to the conclusion the power supply needs to be replaced. Which of the following is the NEXT step in the process of performing the repair?
On 2023 z with a manual transmission. When the clutch is engaged, what is the first step to shift into reverse?
The first step that is needed in order to shift the reverse would be to Push down on the shift lever.
What is meant by a manual transmission?This is the term that is used in driving to explain the scenario that occurs due to the fact that a person has to go through a system of changing gears while they are driving. An example of how this is used is when a person says that there car has a manual transmission instead of automatic transmission.
This would mean that this person would be the one that would be changing the gears while driving on their own. To do this what would be done is to Push down on the shift lever.
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A __________ is a single lane used by drivers to enter and exit a freeway. a) Climbing lane b) Weave lane c) Thru lane d) Offset lane
A Weave lane is a single lane used by drivers to enter and exit a freeway.
What is this lane about?Weave lanes are known to be lanes that acts as an entrance and exits for a lot of cars in highways.
Hence, one can say that A Weave lane is a single lane used by drivers to enter and exit a freeway.
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(a) e = n/1-n = 0.3/1-0.3 = 0.43
Bulk density ? = Gspw(1+w)/1+e = 2.7x1000(1+0.1)/1+0.43 = 2079.0 kg/m3
(b) Saturated density psat= GsPw+epw / 1+e = 2.7x1000+0.43x1000/1+0.43 = 21
For the specified values, the saturated density is 430 Kg/m3, whereas the bulk density is 2700 Kg/m3.
Given data
Void ratio e = 0.43
Specific gravity Gs = 2.7
density of water ρw = 1000 Kg/m^3
1)Mass of soil solids = Gs ρw
= 2.7*1000
= 2700 Kg/m^3
2)Value of eρw
= 0.43*1000
=430 Kg/m^3
Soil compaction is indicated by bulk density. It is determined by dividing the dry weight of the soil by its volume.
Both the volume of soil particles and the volume of soil particle pores are included in this volume. Typically, bulk density is stated in g/cm3.
The Influence of Inherent - The density of soil mineral (sand, silt, and clay) and organic matter particles, as well as how they are packed, all affect bulk density. As a general rule, the bulk density of most rocks is 2.65 g/cm3, hence the optimal soil is one with a medium texture.
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Continued and/or excessive heat and centrifugal force on turbine engine rotor blades is likely to cause?
Answer:
Continued and/or excessive heat and centrifugal force on turbine engine rotor blades is likely to cause creep.
Explanation:
Creep is a technical term for permanent elongation that happens over time. Heat will result in the rotor blades' material becoming less dense which will allow the material to stretch since the force is centrifugal.
The displacement of a particle which moves along the s-axis is given by; = (−2 + 3)−0.5 Where s is in meters and t is in seconds. Determine the time at which the acceleration is zero.
The time at which the acceleration is zero is given as 4.66 seconds
How to solve for the timeFirst we have to solve for the velocity. To do this, we would have to take the derivative.
[tex]s = e^-0.5t (3 t - 2)[/tex]
Then velocity =
[tex]ds/dt = e^-0.5t (4 - 1.5 t)[/tex]
The acceleration can be gotten by finding the second derivative
[tex]a = dv/dt = e^-0.5t (.75 t - 3.5)[/tex]
To find t at acceleration = 0
We have
[tex]0 = e^-0.5t (.75t - 3.5)[/tex]
This gives t to be
t = 4.66 sec
Complete questionThe displacement of a particle which moves along the s-axis isgiven by
s = (-2+3t)e^(-0.5t), where s is in meters and t is inseconds. Plot the displacement, velocity and acceleration versustime for the first 20 seconds of motion. Determine the time atwhich the acceleration is zero.
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In vertical crankshaft engines equipped with a slinger/governor gear and the proper crankcase oil level, approximately how much of the governor gear is located above the oil surface
"1/2" is the right response to this question. Approximately half of the governor gear in vertical crankshaft engines that have a slinger or governor gear and the correct amount of oil in the crankcase is placed above the oiled surface. Draining the oil from the top oil fill tube, as well as the fuel tank and the engine, should be done when the governor gear is about halfway through its rotation.
This is further explained below.
What is a crankshaft?Generally, Engine connecting rods are joined to the crankshaft through the crank mechanism, which is made up of many rotating parts, including the crankshaft, the crankpins, and the crankshaft gears.
In conclusion, "1/2" is the right answer. About half of the governor gear is visible above the oil surface in vertical crankshaft engines with a slinger or governor gear. In order to drain the oil from the top oil fill tube, both the fuel tank and the engine should be at about half of the governor gear after it is completed.
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featers of first generation computers
First generation computers were also referred to as vacuum-tube computer and they can be defined as a type of computer system that were designed and developed to make use of vacuum tubes for their logic circuitry.
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Complete Question?
What are the features of first generation computers?
What protection must be provided when installing a cable in a notched stud or joist, or when a cable is run through bored holes in a stud or joist where the distance is less than NEC guidelines from the edge of the framing member to the cable
The protection that must be provided when installing a cable in a notched stud or joist are:
A steel "kick" platebushings or grommets What protection must be provided when installing a cable in a notched stud or joist?If a nonmetallic cables is said to pass through holes or slots in metal framing members, the cable that need to ]be protected is through bushings or grommets and it is used to cover all metal edges and rightly fastened in the opening before one can install the cable.
Hence, The protection that must be provided when installing a cable in a notched stud or joist are:
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On the pavement indicate that the adjacent lane is traveling in the same direction and passing is permitted
A broken yellow line on the pavement tells that the adjacent lane is traveling in the opposite direction and passing is permitted.
A broken white line on the pavement show that the adjacent lane is traveling in the same direction and passing is permitted.
What does pavement markings show?Pavement markings are known to be tools that are used to pass infor or messages to roadway users.
Note that they tell the part of the road that one need to use, give information about conditions ahead, and others
Note that A broken yellow line on the pavement tells that the adjacent lane is traveling in the opposite direction and passing is permitted.
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What is R-1234yf cylinder color
Answer: The red color on the cylinder is indicative of the material's flammability.
Explanation:
QUESTION:
Which statement is true about portable fire extinguishers?
POSSIBLE ANSWERS:
OAir-pressurized water extinguishers put out electrical fires.
Dry chemical, sodium bicarbonate extinguishers put out most fires.
Dry chemical, mono ammonium phosphate extinguishers put out flammable liquid fires.
OCarbon dioxide extinguishers put out wood fires.
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Until emergency assistance arrives, portable fire extinguishers can put out or manage a fire.
When should Portable fire extinguishers be used?The use of portable fire extinguishers can put out or contain a fire until emergency assistance is received.
Utilize portable units exclusively for small flames or fires that are still in the early stages because their discharge times are often only a few seconds. Make a plan for a getaway. Avoid breathing in the extinguishing agent and smoke by keeping low to the ground.
Only use a portable fire extinguisher when a fire is small, restricted to a single area, and not made up of extremely flammable materials. If the fire becomes out of control, leave the premises right away and get assistance.
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Which two events in britain indirectly influenced the american revolution?
enlightenment philosophers established which two of the following ideas?
Answer:
passage of the English will of right
A rapid mixer disperse chemicals in a flow of 20,000 m3/day. The detention time is 30 s, and G is 700/s. What is the power required for this mixer?
The power required for this mixer is 14700000 Watts.
How can we determine the value of power required by the mixer?The power required for the mixer can be calculated using the following formula:
Power = (G^2 * Detention Time) / (Flow Rate * 8.34)
where G is the mixer's specific energy input in m^3/s^3, Detention Time is the time the liquid spends in the mixer in seconds, Flow Rate is the flow of the liquid through the mixer in m^3/s, and 8.34 is a constant.
Plugging in the given values:
Power = (700^2 * 30) / (20000/86400 * 8.34)
Power = (490000 * 30) / (0.002314814814814815)
Power = 14700000
So the power required for this mixer is 14700000 Watts.
Therefore, the correct answer is as given above. It can be concluded that the power required for this mixer is 14700000Watts.
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Datums and benchmarks are used for ______
Answer:
Measuring elevations
Explanation:
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(a) Describe the various strategies for dealing with the problem of self-occlusion in object data capture
The strategies for dealing with the problem of self-occlusion in object data capture are:
The use of a tracking methods that is said to handle occlusion via the modelling of the object motion though the use of linear and non-linear dynamic models. The derived models is known to be often used in telling the object location if a tracked object is said to be occluded until the object shows up again.What is occlusion in object detection?Occlusion is known to often takes place if two or more objects are seen too close and are seen to be merged or combine with one another.
Note that in the case above, The strategies for dealing with the problem of self-occlusion in object data capture are:
The use of a tracking methods that is said to handle occlusion via the modelling of the object motion though the use of linear and non-linear dynamic models. The derived models is known to be often used in telling the object location if a tracked object is said to be occluded until the object shows up again.Learn more about object detection from
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7.35 and 7.36 For the beam and loading shown, (a) draw the shear and bending-moment diagrams, (b) determine the maximum absolute values of the shear and bending moment.
Maximum absolute values of the shear = 28 KN
Maximum absolute values of bending moment = 5.7 KN.m
How to draw Shear Force and Bending Moment Diagram?A) We can see the beam loaded in the first image attached.
For the shear diagram, let us calculate the shear from point load to point load.
From A to C, summing vertical to zero gives; ∑fy = 0: -20 - V = 0
V = -20 KN
From C to D, summing vertical to zero gives; ∑fy = 0: -20 + 48 - V = 0
V = 28 KN
From D to E, summing vertical to zero gives; ∑fy = 0: -20 + 48 - 20 - V = 0
V = 8 KN
From E to B, summing vertical to zero gives; ∑fy = 0: -20 + 48 - 20 - 20 - V = 0
V = -12 KN
For the bending moment diagram, let us calculate the bending moment from point load to point load.
At point A, the bending moment would be zero. Thus, M_A = 0 KN.m
At point C, taking moment about point C and equating to zero gives;
M_C = 0. Thus; 20(0.225) + M = 0
M = -4.5 KN.m
At point D, taking moment about point D and equating to zero gives;
M_D = 0. Thus; 20(0.525) - 48(0.3) + M = 0
M = 3.9 KN.m
At point E, taking moment about point E and equating to zero gives;
M_D = 0. Thus; 20(0.75) - 48(0.525) + 20(0.225) + M = 0
M = 5.7 KN.m
At point B, taking moment about point E and equating to zero gives;
M_E = 0. Thus; 20(1.05) - 48(0.825) + 20(0.525) + (20 * 0.3) + M = 0
M = 2.1 KN.m
2) From the attached diagrams, we can deduce that;
Maximum absolute values of the shear = 28 KN
Maximum absolute values of bending moment = 5.7 KN.m
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In high-wind installations, if an old composition asphalt shingle roof is going to be replaced, the roofing contractor should ___________ the existing shingles and underlayment.
In regards to high-wind installations, if an old composition asphalt shingle roof is going to be replaced, the roofing contractor should remove the existing shingles and underlayment.
What are High Wind installations?High Wind is known to be a newly created installation techniques that is often used in the installation of offshore wind turbines and this is often done at higher wind speeds.
Note that, In regards to high-wind installations, if an old composition asphalt shingle roof is going to be replaced, the roofing contractor should remove the existing shingles and underlayment.
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Which of the following best describes electronic stability control? A Hydraulic valves prevent wheels from locking up. B Traction-control valves help wheels to grip the road. C Sensors tell actuators to brake if the car is sliding or turning sharply. D An engine-control computer tells the driver how to correct the trajectory.
The option that best describes electronic stability control are:
Option A Hydraulic valves prevent wheels from locking up. Option C: Sensors tell actuators to brake if the car is sliding or turning sharply. What does electronic stability control do?The electronic stability control is known to be that which helps to hinder loss of control in regards to curves and emergency steering maneuvers and it often stabilizes the car if it begins to move off an intended path.
Hence, The option that best describes electronic stability control are:
Option A Hydraulic valves prevent wheels from locking up. Option C: Sensors tell actuators to brake if the car is sliding or turning sharply.Learn more about stability control from
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A company is currently paying its employees $0.38 per mile to drive their own cars on company business. The company is considering supplying employees with cars, which would involve purchasing at $25,000 with an estimated three-year life, a net salvage value of $8,000, taxes and insurance at a cost of $900 per year, and operating and maintenance expenses of $0.22 per mile. If the interest rate is 10% and the company anticipates an employee’s annual travel to be 22,000 miles, what is the equivalent cost per mile (neglecting income taxes)?
The equivalent cost per mile is mathematically given as
Equivalent kilometer = 0.61
What is Distance?Distance is a measure of the distance between two places. Depending on context, the term "distance" might refer to a precise measurement or an approximation based on other factors. |AB| can be used to represent the distance between two points.
What is an Equivalent cost per mile?Generally, the equation for Equivalent annual cost is mathematically given as
EAC= $ 25,000 ( A/P, 10% , 3 years ) + $ 900 + $ 0.22 * 22,000 - $ 8000 ( A/F , 10% , 3 years)
Therefore
EAC= $ 25,000 * 0.402115 + $ 5740 - $ 8000 * 0.302115
EAC= $ 13,375.955
In conclusion, the Equivalent cost per kilometer
Equivalent kilometer [tex]=\frac{ 13,375.955}{22,000}[/tex]
Equivalent kilometer = 0.61
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