Activity 10.2 How do C3, C., and CAM photosynthesis compare?
1. Carbon dioxide enters plant leaves through the stomata, while oxygen (the photosynthetic waste product) and water from the leaves exit through the stomata. Plants must constantly balance both water loss and energy gain (as photosynthesis). This has led to the evolution of various modifications of Cg photosynthesis.
Draw simplified diagrams of the cross sections of a leaf from a C3, a C. and a CAM plant.
C3; CA; CAM

Answers

Answer 1

C3 plants fix carbon dioxide directly into a three-carbon compound, C4 plants have specialized cells that fix carbon dioxide into a four-carbon compound, and CAM plants fix carbon dioxide into a four-carbon compound at night, which is then converted into glucose during the day.

C3 photosynthesis is the most common type of photosynthesis and is found in most plants. In C3 photosynthesis, carbon dioxide enters the leaf through the stomata and is immediately fixed by the enzyme RuBisCO into a three-carbon compound. This process is called the Calvin-Benson cycle, and it takes place in the chloroplasts. The oxygen produced is released through the stomata.

C4 photosynthesis is an adaptation found in plants that live in hot and dry environments. These plants have specialized cells called bundle sheath cells that surround the vascular bundles in the leaf. These cells have a high concentration of RuBisCO and other enzymes that help to fix carbon dioxide into a four-carbon compound. This four-carbon compound is then transported to the chloroplasts, where it is converted into glucose. This process helps to prevent photorespiration and increases the efficiency of carbon fixation.

CAM photosynthesis is an adaptation found in plants that live in hot and dry environments. These plants have specialized cells called bundle sheath cells that surround the vascular bundles in the leaf. These cells have a high concentration of RuBisCO and other enzymes that help to fix carbon dioxide into a four-carbon compound. This four-carbon compound is then transported to the chloroplasts, where it is converted into glucose. This process helps to prevent photorespiration and increases the efficiency of carbon fixation.

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