A Review of Global Prevalence and Economic Impacts of Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis AND doi

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Answer 1

The consequences of infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (IBK) on the economy call for more research into how Moraxella bovis colonizes and lives on the corneal surface.

What is the review of Global Prevalence and Economic Impacts of Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis and doi?

M. bovis strains that are virulent generate hemolysin and have unique plasmid profiles from nonvirulent strains. IBK prevalence is impacted by interactions between the host, environment, vector, season, and concomitant infections.

The illness process could be accelerated or made worse by Mycoplasma sp. or the infectious bovine rhino tracheitis virus. IBK symptoms can range from a minor case of conjunctivitis to severe ulceration, corneal perforation, and blindness. Economical factors, planned animal usage, and administration practicality all influence how IBK is treated.

The goal of antibiotic therapy is to increase medication concentrations in tears to levels that are at or above the minimum inhibitory concentration for extended periods of time. IBK is currently a disease that cannot be prevented. Vector control must be rigorously implemented and affected animals must be removed from the herd. Identification and exclusion of carrier animals from the herd are required.

Due to pili antigen cross reactivity, fluctuating strains, and unmanaged environmental conditions, vaccination efforts have been unsuccessful. Recent studies have revealed that M. bovis may use siderophores and iron-repressible outer membrane proteins to exploit host iron sources for growth. Understanding the typical defense mechanisms of the bovine eye may help develop innovative methods for boosting the immune response against M. bovis.

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Related Questions

update- I can keep the app but can someone explain what synthesis is please? Ion understand my biology hw

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Synthesis pertains to the creation of an object, it is the process of combining 2 or more components to make an entity.

In Biochemistry, it refers to the construction of organic compound in a living thing. Especially aided by enzymes.

Two main functions of leaves are photosynthesis and____.
-the anchoring of the plant
-gas exchange
-the conduction of food, water. and minerals
- photosynthesis

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Gas exchange because each stoma in the leaf can be opened or closed. In the light the guard cells aboard water and become turgid and the stoma opens

I neeed helppppppp

Chemical Weathering 5 facts about it

Answers

Answer:

5 Facts

Explanation:

1. When it comes to chemical weathering, it’s all about chemistry. By looking at the term “chemical weathering,” you can see that a chemical reaction causes something to break down or “weather.” That “something” is rocks and minerals.

2. In chemical weathering, rocks and minerals are reacting to acids, oxygen, carbon and water. That’s why no two rocks ever look exactly the same. It’s also the reason that we have those awesome looking caves and unique rock formations all over the world.

3. While chemical weathering creates nifty formations, the way it breaks down rocks also causes fractures in ancient structures like the Great Sphinx of Egypt. It also causes the surface to break down on gravestones.

4. Chemical weathering types can work separately, but they often work together to create landforms and break down minerals.

5. Acid rain caused by pollution such as factory and car exhaust is another agent of chemical weathering.

what is the genotype for: A man normal for blood clotting:

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Answer:

Genotypes: A man with hemophilia is XhY where h = hemophilia gene and H = the normal gene. ... Her genotype must be: XhXH and NOT XHXH We can use a Punnett square to show the probability of a daughter or son having hemophilia.

this shows the Ocean conveyor belt, why does this do to the ocean?

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Because of the water temperature cooling and warming

Glycolysis requires an input of energy. What molecule provides this energy?
a) glucose
b) ATP
c) NAD+
d) ADP

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Answer:

Explanation:

Glycolysis requires an input of 2 ATP molecules to produce 4 ATP molecules. It results in a net worth of 2 ATPs.

The option (B) is correct. ATP

What do you mean by ATP?

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is the source of energy for use and storage at the cellular level. The structure of ATP is a nucleoside triphosphate, consisting of a nitrogenous base (adenine), a ribose sugar, and three serially bonded phosphate groups.

Moreover, adenosine triphosphate is an organic compound that provides energy to drive many processes in living cells, such as muscle contraction, nerve impulse propagation, condensate dissolution, and chemical synthesis.

Therefore, ATP can be used to store energy for future reactions or be withdrawn to pay for reactions when energy is required by the cell. Animals store the energy obtained from the breakdown of food as ATP. Likewise, plants capture and store the energy they derive from light during photosynthesis in ATP molecules.

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All multicellular algae are what?

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Answer:

Algae (singular: alga) are photosynthetic, eukaryotic organisms that do not develop multicellular sex organs. Algae can be unicellular, or they may be large, multicellular organisms.The multicellular algae develop specialized tissues, but they lack the true stems, leaves, or roots of the more complex, higher plants.

Explanation:

Explain why it is very important for the gametes to divide by meiosis. What could happen if the gametes accidentally divide by mitosis? can someone answer in a sentence!!

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Meiosis is important because it ensures that all organisms produced via sexual reproduction contain the correct number of chromosomes. Meiosis also produces genetic variation by way of the process of recombination.

Explanation: Gametes are made via meiosis which produces cells with n=23 instead of diploid cells. If gametes were produced instead by mitosis each gamete would be diploid not haploid.

Help!! Please!! I'll name you brainliest!!

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1. CaO
2. MgCl2
3. Hydrogen chloride
4. Calcium chloride

Si fuimos creados para la felicidad ¿Por qué la mayoría de las personas viven sus vidas de manera infeliz? Escribe por las menos 3 razones

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Answer: esto se deve a la monotonia por ejemplo el trabajo hacer eso todos los dias es estresante

tambien puede ser devido a problemas personales por ejemplo un divorcio la muerte de algun familiar.

o pueden ser las condiciones de vida que se poseen

Explanation:

Please help me!!!! Describe industrial melanism and the effect it had on peppered moths.

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Answer:

The evolution of the peppered moth is an evolutionary instance of directional colour change in the moth population as a consequence of air pollution during the Industrial Revolution. The frequency of dark-coloured moths increased at that time, an example of industrial melanism.

Waves turn rocks into ___________________; it’s erosion.

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Answer:

sand?

Explanation:

[tex]\huge{\textbf{\textsf{{\color{pink}{An}}{\red{sw}}{\orange{er}} {\color{yellow}{:}}}}}[/tex]

when waves turn rocks in to smaller rocks or sand... it's erosion

Which of the following is NOT included in a soil survey?
O Maps with soil boundaries and photos
O Tables of soil quality and type needed for certain uses
O Tables of soil properties and features
O Descriptions of soils in the area

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Answer:

Soil survey, or soil mapping, is the process of classifying soil types and other soil properties in a given area and geo-encoding such information. ... An architect or engineer might use the engineering properties of a soil to determine whether or not it was suitable for a certain type of construction.

the organism at location D is the to organisms at location A, B, and C

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Answer:

ancestor

Explanation:

Answer:

ancestor

Explanation:

anybody know how to do this?

Answers

Answer:

Sorry

Explanation:

Sorry I don’t understand to so I can’t help you

what kind of reproduction occuurs with the help of honey bee ?

Answer:

use the equation below

Explanation:

density=mass/volume

A liquid has a density of 11g/mL. If you have 35mL of the liquid, the mass of the liquid will be 385 grams.

What is density?

"Density is the mass per unit volume". Density is a scalar quantity. It is denoted by d and the symbol for density is given as rho, a Greek symbol. Density is calculated as mass divided by volume.

"Mass is the quantity of matter in a physical body". The product of the molar mass of the compound and the moles of the substance are defined as mass.

Volume is the space occupied by a three-dimensional object.

Given that, the volume of liquid is 35mL

The density of the liquid is 11g/mL

The mass to be calculated

The formula to calculate the mass is

mass = volume x density

mass = 35 x 11 = 385 grams

Thus, the mass of the liquid will be 385 grams

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help me out girlies its due

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the stereotype is that all australians are some sort of zookeepers? and wear clothes like that. also that they drink beer a lot.

Answer:

the stereotype is that all australians are zookeepers? and wear clothes like that.

Explanation:

Solar energy is defined as the energy produced by the sun and is the major

source of energy on earth. It is beneficial to plants in the ecosystem.

The solar energy is absorbed by the atmosphere through compounds such

as:

Water vapor Dust Ozone

These substances absorb about 71 percent of the solar energy which is

approximately equivalent to three-fourths of it.

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I’m begging you to please help me in this anyt this please

In squash, the allele for white fruit (W) is dominant over the allele for yellow (w). If a white fruit plant is crossed with a yellow fruit plant and all the offspring are yellow, what are the possible genotypes ofthe parents and the offspring? Show the Punnett square.

Parents: &

Offspring:

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Answer:

Well the white allele had to be Ww.

Explanation:

So you cross them and you 50% white and 50% yellow if the white parent was Ww.

What are the two resulting cells formed from single cell called

Answers

"Daughter cells" is the correct answerThe cell that splits is called the "parent cell" and the two cells that form are called the "daughter cells".Please let me know if I am wrong.

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in the context of the working capital cycle, working capital is best described as: Let F(x) be the expression "x has fleas," and the domain of discourse is dogs. The statement is "All dogs have fleas." Which option below is the most accurate. O a. The expression is Vx F(x), its negation is 3x-F(x), and the sentence is "There is a dog that does not have fleas." b. The expression is Ex F(x), its negation is Vx-FX), and the sentence is "There is a dog that has fleas." O c. The expression is 4x F(x), its negation is Wx-F(x), and the sentence is "There is no dog that does not have fleas." O d. The expression is - x F(x), its negation is axF(x), and the sentence is "There is a dog that does not have fleas." true/false. the ideal estimator has the greatest variance among all unbiased estimators. If two vectors are parallel then the parallelism rule does not apply to positive addition, but the triangle rule applies in all cases. 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Prove that the above pre-emphasis step emphasizes high frequencies. Compute and plot the spectrum of speech y(n) as the DFT of the autocorrelation of y(n). Compute and plot the spectrum of speech y(n) as the magnitude square of the DFT of y(n). Compare to the plot before what system might be damaged if the bottom of your car is scraped? a 11.3 cm long solenoid contains 895 turns and carries a current of 5.93 a . what is the strength of the magnetic field at the center of this solen Can someone assist me with these questions? In April 2001, who was honored when George W. Bush set aside a day for this person? determine the ph in a 0.667 m nah solution. 0.12 14.18 13.82 0.18 13.88 ACJack left home and drove for 2.5 hours. How fast was he driving if his destination was 170miles away?425 mph68 mph120 mph42 mph Write the code necessary to convert the following sequences of ListNode objects:front -> [1] -> [2] /temp -> [3] -> [4] /Into this sequence of ListNode objects:front -> [1] -> [3] -> [4] -> [2] /(It does not matter what temp refers to at the end of your code.)Assume that you are using ListNode class as defined in the textbook:public class ListNode {public int data; // data stored in this nodepublic ListNode next; // a link to the next node in the listpublic ListNode() { ... }public ListNode(int data) { ... }public ListNode(int data, ListNode next) { ... } Manganese reacts with hydrochloric acid to produce manganese(II) chloride and hydrogen gas. Mn(s) + 2 HCl(aq) + MnCl, (aq) + H (9) When 0.620 g Mn is combined with enough hydrochloric acid to make 100.0 mL of solution in a coffee-cup calorimeter, all of the Mn reacts, raising the temperature of the solution from 23.5C to 28.6 C. Find AHxn for the reaction as written. (Assume that the specific heat capacity of the solution is 4.18 J/g C and the density is 1.00 g/mL.) -189 kJ 0 -3.44 kJ 0 -1.17 kJ O -2.13 kJ 4. Why was the case Brown v. Board of Education important in the struggle for civil rights? INTRODUCTION: Portion-controlled cuts are ready-to-cook meats cut according to customer's specifications. Steaks and chops are ordered either by weight per steak or by thickness. Portion-controlled cuts require the least work for the cook of all meat cuts. They are also the most expensive per pound of all categories of cuts.Why are portion-controlled meats so widely used in food service, even though their per-pound cost is higher?Describe the difference between purchasing primal cuts and portion-controlled cuts.